Divestment and Stranded Assets in the Low
... Keeping global average temperature increase to 2°C requires structural changes to reduce our economies’ reliance on fossil fuels and associated CO2 emissions. Vast quantities of recoverable fossil fuels will need to remain underground in order to stabilise the global climate. Energy-using equipment ...
... Keeping global average temperature increase to 2°C requires structural changes to reduce our economies’ reliance on fossil fuels and associated CO2 emissions. Vast quantities of recoverable fossil fuels will need to remain underground in order to stabilise the global climate. Energy-using equipment ...
Audubon`s Birds and Climate Change Report
... (IPCC). This core set of analyses will serve as the backbone for informing bird conservation in North America through planning tools for land managers, reports focused on species of conservation concern, and peer-reviewed publications addressing the impacts of climate change on birds. We addressed t ...
... (IPCC). This core set of analyses will serve as the backbone for informing bird conservation in North America through planning tools for land managers, reports focused on species of conservation concern, and peer-reviewed publications addressing the impacts of climate change on birds. We addressed t ...
Quaternary Vegetation Distribution
... At Quaternary time scales (101-105 years), vegetation dynamics are mainly forced by climate change, and plant taxa have primarily accommodated late-Quaternary climate change via local changes in abundance and regional to continental shifts in distribution (Huntley and Webb, 1989). These biogeographi ...
... At Quaternary time scales (101-105 years), vegetation dynamics are mainly forced by climate change, and plant taxa have primarily accommodated late-Quaternary climate change via local changes in abundance and regional to continental shifts in distribution (Huntley and Webb, 1989). These biogeographi ...
A Advance Edited Version Human Rights Council
... Action, a voluntary undertaking initiated by Costa Rica through which States promise to facilitate the sharing of knowledge and best practices between climate and human rights experts at the national level. Before the Paris conference, 30 countries took the pledge. Governments also examined particul ...
... Action, a voluntary undertaking initiated by Costa Rica through which States promise to facilitate the sharing of knowledge and best practices between climate and human rights experts at the national level. Before the Paris conference, 30 countries took the pledge. Governments also examined particul ...
What Is El Niño? - Gulf of Maine Aquarium
... called coral bleaching that weakens or kills living coral reefs. ■ Scientists note that the worst El Niño on record, in 1997–98, could be a preview of our weather to come. ...
... called coral bleaching that weakens or kills living coral reefs. ■ Scientists note that the worst El Niño on record, in 1997–98, could be a preview of our weather to come. ...
Climate change adaptation in the boardroom
... faces a phenomenal challenge. Presented with the challenge of short-term industry lobbying and political fear associated with private property values, the risks associated with adaptation trade-offs have resulted in a slow uptake of climate resilient development. As the extreme events increase, the ...
... faces a phenomenal challenge. Presented with the challenge of short-term industry lobbying and political fear associated with private property values, the risks associated with adaptation trade-offs have resulted in a slow uptake of climate resilient development. As the extreme events increase, the ...
Chapter 12
... of any continent. Of the total European population, 73% lives in urban areas (UN, 2004), with 67% in southern Europe and 83% in northern Europe. The 25 countries belonging to the European Union (EU25) have stable economies, high productivity and integrated markets. Economic conditions among the non- ...
... of any continent. Of the total European population, 73% lives in urban areas (UN, 2004), with 67% in southern Europe and 83% in northern Europe. The 25 countries belonging to the European Union (EU25) have stable economies, high productivity and integrated markets. Economic conditions among the non- ...
Working Paper 198 - Castells-Quintana et al (opens in new window)
... 5. Future generations and social justice 6. Growth and the economy 7. International environmental negotiations 8. Modelling and decision making 9. Private sector adaptation, risk and insurance More information about the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment can be found a ...
... 5. Future generations and social justice 6. Growth and the economy 7. International environmental negotiations 8. Modelling and decision making 9. Private sector adaptation, risk and insurance More information about the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment can be found a ...
PDF
... out of steam... Acceptance, however, does not mean inaction. Since the beginning of time, creatures have adapted to changes in their environment..." The term "adaptation", within this context, refers to adjustments in ecological, social or economic systems for reducing potential damage from climate ...
... out of steam... Acceptance, however, does not mean inaction. Since the beginning of time, creatures have adapted to changes in their environment..." The term "adaptation", within this context, refers to adjustments in ecological, social or economic systems for reducing potential damage from climate ...
Fungi the unknown Organisms – an
... rather straight forward. They favor warm and moist climate, an exception of this rule are specific lichens, which are sensitive to higher temperatures [12]. For pathogenic fungi certain changes in climate change such as higher air humidity and higher or more moderate temperate are beneficial (see Bo ...
... rather straight forward. They favor warm and moist climate, an exception of this rule are specific lichens, which are sensitive to higher temperatures [12]. For pathogenic fungi certain changes in climate change such as higher air humidity and higher or more moderate temperate are beneficial (see Bo ...
Building Social Resilience: Protecting and Empowering Those Most
... are more likely to live in substandard housing and possess uncertain land ownership rights that provide no incentives for investments in risk reduction. Moreover, their livelihoods are more vulnerable to the effects of hazards and climate change, with the rural poor being heavily dependent on agricu ...
... are more likely to live in substandard housing and possess uncertain land ownership rights that provide no incentives for investments in risk reduction. Moreover, their livelihoods are more vulnerable to the effects of hazards and climate change, with the rural poor being heavily dependent on agricu ...
Cosmic rays and space weather: effects on global climate change
... galaxy) is determined within the heliosphere by their interaction with magnetic fields frozen in the solar wind and in coronal mass ejections (CME) with accompanying interplanetary shock waves (that produce big magnetic storms during their interactions with the Earth’s magnetosphere). The most diffi ...
... galaxy) is determined within the heliosphere by their interaction with magnetic fields frozen in the solar wind and in coronal mass ejections (CME) with accompanying interplanetary shock waves (that produce big magnetic storms during their interactions with the Earth’s magnetosphere). The most diffi ...
The Wave Climate of Ireland: From Averages to Extremes
... RCP4.5 & RCP8.5 10m winds & ice-fields to drive wave model Time period 1980-2009 vs. 2070-2099 (30-year averages) ...
... RCP4.5 & RCP8.5 10m winds & ice-fields to drive wave model Time period 1980-2009 vs. 2070-2099 (30-year averages) ...
Consequences of treeline shifts for the diversity and
... However, rising temperatures at the regional scale will not necessarily lead to treeline expansion. Steep slopes and lack of suitable substrate can be important limiting factors for treeline advance at high altitudes (Batllori et al., 2009a; Macias-Fauria and Johnson, 2013). Where appropriate subst ...
... However, rising temperatures at the regional scale will not necessarily lead to treeline expansion. Steep slopes and lack of suitable substrate can be important limiting factors for treeline advance at high altitudes (Batllori et al., 2009a; Macias-Fauria and Johnson, 2013). Where appropriate subst ...
Potential effects of climate change on geographic distribution
... in light of climate change. The information provided will also be relevant in planning conservation of other paleoendemic species having ecological traits and distribution ranges comparable to those of D. involucrata. Since the maximum extension of ice sheets during LGM (Last Glacial Maximum, from 2 ...
... in light of climate change. The information provided will also be relevant in planning conservation of other paleoendemic species having ecological traits and distribution ranges comparable to those of D. involucrata. Since the maximum extension of ice sheets during LGM (Last Glacial Maximum, from 2 ...
Contrasting effects of warming and increased snowfall on Arctic
... Recent changes in climate have led to significant shifts in phenology, with many studies demonstrating advanced phenology in response to warming temperatures. The rate of temperature change is especially high in the Arctic, but this is also where we have relatively little data on phenological change ...
... Recent changes in climate have led to significant shifts in phenology, with many studies demonstrating advanced phenology in response to warming temperatures. The rate of temperature change is especially high in the Arctic, but this is also where we have relatively little data on phenological change ...
Climate Change Mitigation«WHAT DO WE DO?
... In this document, the OECD expands its analysis in two important domains: first, it focuses on the role of technological innovation in bringing down the costs of climate change mitigation over time. It argues that a concerted research and development effort can indeed be expected to yield important ...
... In this document, the OECD expands its analysis in two important domains: first, it focuses on the role of technological innovation in bringing down the costs of climate change mitigation over time. It argues that a concerted research and development effort can indeed be expected to yield important ...
Modelling the Response of Mountain Glacier Discharge
... based on daily time steps and a GCM-output for a future climate forcing, while Kuhn and Battlogg’s study uses monthly time steps and assumes uniform temperature shifts. Both assume unchanged glacier size, thus failing to model potential runoff reduction due to glacier retreat. Braun et al. (2000) mo ...
... based on daily time steps and a GCM-output for a future climate forcing, while Kuhn and Battlogg’s study uses monthly time steps and assumes uniform temperature shifts. Both assume unchanged glacier size, thus failing to model potential runoff reduction due to glacier retreat. Braun et al. (2000) mo ...
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... Although inland water transportation has a small share for overall tonnage movements, it plays a significant role as a major route to export market accounting for about 48 percent of all grain tonnages for export over the same period (Marathon and Denicoff 2011). Mississippi River and its tributarie ...
... Although inland water transportation has a small share for overall tonnage movements, it plays a significant role as a major route to export market accounting for about 48 percent of all grain tonnages for export over the same period (Marathon and Denicoff 2011). Mississippi River and its tributarie ...
Non-paper Guidelines for Project Managers: Making vulnerable
... EU Member State Risk Assessment and Guidelines for Disaster Management In 2010 the EC issued a “Staff Working Paper on Risk Assessment and Mapping Guidelines for Disaster Management”. The main aim of the guidelines is to provide coherency across risk assessments and facilitate their undertaking at ...
... EU Member State Risk Assessment and Guidelines for Disaster Management In 2010 the EC issued a “Staff Working Paper on Risk Assessment and Mapping Guidelines for Disaster Management”. The main aim of the guidelines is to provide coherency across risk assessments and facilitate their undertaking at ...
Appendix 3: Climate Science Supplement
... that are internal to the climate system, which are the result of complex interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, land surface, and living things (see Supplemental Message 3). These internal factors include natural modes of climate system variability, such as the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Nat ...
... that are internal to the climate system, which are the result of complex interactions between the atmosphere, ocean, land surface, and living things (see Supplemental Message 3). These internal factors include natural modes of climate system variability, such as the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Nat ...
The Ice Is Melting:
... With health, there’s mortality from cold in winter and heat in summer, but again the relationship is not a simple, balanced one. Mortality from cold tends not to be caused by raw exposure (with the exception of the odd drunk who passes out in the open in Anchorage in January) but by flu and similar ...
... With health, there’s mortality from cold in winter and heat in summer, but again the relationship is not a simple, balanced one. Mortality from cold tends not to be caused by raw exposure (with the exception of the odd drunk who passes out in the open in Anchorage in January) but by flu and similar ...
Assessment of the Effects of Large- scale Climate Oscillations on the
... and resulting flood risk. To set context for this report, the rainfall regime of New Zealand is described, as well as recent trends in the Bay of Plenty rainfall record. Precipitation in the region is highly variable spatially and this should be taken into account when considering longer term planni ...
... and resulting flood risk. To set context for this report, the rainfall regime of New Zealand is described, as well as recent trends in the Bay of Plenty rainfall record. Precipitation in the region is highly variable spatially and this should be taken into account when considering longer term planni ...
23-9-E
... If the Montreal Protocol had not been successful and ODS emissions had continued to increase, there would have been very large ozone depletion and consequent substantial increases of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. These changes in UV radiation would have had serious impacts on human health and the envi ...
... If the Montreal Protocol had not been successful and ODS emissions had continued to increase, there would have been very large ozone depletion and consequent substantial increases of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. These changes in UV radiation would have had serious impacts on human health and the envi ...
Present and future responses of growing degree days for
... benefit from that fact, as well as the quality of the ground and the underground aquifers. On the other hand, the shortening of the growing period or the impact of various extreme events such as droughts, heat waves, extreme rainfall, etc.(Eitzinger et al., 2013), or variations in available soil wat ...
... benefit from that fact, as well as the quality of the ground and the underground aquifers. On the other hand, the shortening of the growing period or the impact of various extreme events such as droughts, heat waves, extreme rainfall, etc.(Eitzinger et al., 2013), or variations in available soil wat ...