Subduction erosion modes: Comparing finite
... During subduction erosion, the upper plate is tectonically eroded by the subducting plate and carried into the mantle. The geological record suggests that subduction erosion is a fundamental process at subduction margins; however the underlying causes are not well constrained. Finite-element numeric ...
... During subduction erosion, the upper plate is tectonically eroded by the subducting plate and carried into the mantle. The geological record suggests that subduction erosion is a fundamental process at subduction margins; however the underlying causes are not well constrained. Finite-element numeric ...
Thesis pdf
... the western Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau, Tian Shan and Altai Range, and it shallows to ~230 km depth below the southern Tarim Basin and to ~170 km below the Junggar region. The north-eastern Tibetan Plateau is underlined by a thinner lithosphere (LAB depth at ~120 km) with respect to its southern s ...
... the western Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau, Tian Shan and Altai Range, and it shallows to ~230 km depth below the southern Tarim Basin and to ~170 km below the Junggar region. The north-eastern Tibetan Plateau is underlined by a thinner lithosphere (LAB depth at ~120 km) with respect to its southern s ...
Kerguelen Hotspot Magma Output since 130 Ma
... Kerguelen LIP (Tables 1 and 2). Reliable data with which to calculate crustal volumes of the continental portions of the Kerguelen LIP await acquisition. We calculate crustal volumes from areal and vertical dimensions, the former from analyses of the satellitederived free-air gravity field, bathymet ...
... Kerguelen LIP (Tables 1 and 2). Reliable data with which to calculate crustal volumes of the continental portions of the Kerguelen LIP await acquisition. We calculate crustal volumes from areal and vertical dimensions, the former from analyses of the satellitederived free-air gravity field, bathymet ...
USGS Professional Paper 1697 - Alaska Resources Library and
... and geographic names for major regions. The major features, continued from the Neogene are (1) a series of continental-margin arcs and companion subduction-zone assemblages around the CircumNorth Pacific; (2) continuation of opening of major sedimentary basins behind major arcs; (3) in the eastern p ...
... and geographic names for major regions. The major features, continued from the Neogene are (1) a series of continental-margin arcs and companion subduction-zone assemblages around the CircumNorth Pacific; (2) continuation of opening of major sedimentary basins behind major arcs; (3) in the eastern p ...
Exploring Geology: What-To-Know List
... What To Know - List Chapter 1: The Nature of Geology 1.0 The Nature of Geology List some of the ways that geology is expressed in North America. 1.1 How Does Geology Influence Where and How We Live? Sketch or list some ways that geology controls where it is safe to live. Explain how geology in ...
... What To Know - List Chapter 1: The Nature of Geology 1.0 The Nature of Geology List some of the ways that geology is expressed in North America. 1.1 How Does Geology Influence Where and How We Live? Sketch or list some ways that geology controls where it is safe to live. Explain how geology in ...
Salt Plugs in the Eastern Zagros, Iran: Results of
... The salt plugs of this region have a special morphology, forming sometimes highly positive forms and sometimes negative forms of relief. Their morphology and evolution are described below. The shore of the Persian Gulf is flat, gently rising from the sea to the foot of mountains from 0 up to approx. ...
... The salt plugs of this region have a special morphology, forming sometimes highly positive forms and sometimes negative forms of relief. Their morphology and evolution are described below. The shore of the Persian Gulf is flat, gently rising from the sea to the foot of mountains from 0 up to approx. ...
- Free Documents
... all formations dipping to the north.. Comparison with the Permian paleomagnetic direction of Timor indicates that Sumba was subjected to a clockwise rotation through .. . Otofuji et al. Vroon et al. Origin of the Sumba Island Australia. Timor. . open folds. Ma contributed to the uplift of Sumba and ...
... all formations dipping to the north.. Comparison with the Permian paleomagnetic direction of Timor indicates that Sumba was subjected to a clockwise rotation through .. . Otofuji et al. Vroon et al. Origin of the Sumba Island Australia. Timor. . open folds. Ma contributed to the uplift of Sumba and ...
Incipient shortening of a passive margin: the mechanical roles of
... Key words: analogue modelling, incipient shortening, obduction, passive margin, post-breakup, strength profiles, subduction. ...
... Key words: analogue modelling, incipient shortening, obduction, passive margin, post-breakup, strength profiles, subduction. ...
Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 COL Application Part 2 — FSAR
... COL Application Part 2 — FSAR SUBSECTION 2.5.1: BASIC GEOLOGIC AND SEISMIC INFORMATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.5.1 BASIC GEOLOGIC AND SEISMIC INFORMATION .............................2.5.1-1 ...
... COL Application Part 2 — FSAR SUBSECTION 2.5.1: BASIC GEOLOGIC AND SEISMIC INFORMATION TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.5.1 BASIC GEOLOGIC AND SEISMIC INFORMATION .............................2.5.1-1 ...
Practice mdtrm
... 80. The smallest part of an element that still retains the element’s properties is a(n) ____________________. 81. A(n) ____________________ is an electrically neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. 82. A(n) ____________________ is a solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter t ...
... 80. The smallest part of an element that still retains the element’s properties is a(n) ____________________. 81. A(n) ____________________ is an electrically neutral subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. 82. A(n) ____________________ is a solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter t ...
Possible density segregation of subducted oceanic
... the serpentinite layer is significant. Using a higher viscosity of N 10 20 Pas would decrease the slip velocities, but such viscosities are more relevant to the mantle transition zone or the lower mantle than the upper mantle near subduction zones where slab segregation could occur at shallow depths ...
... the serpentinite layer is significant. Using a higher viscosity of N 10 20 Pas would decrease the slip velocities, but such viscosities are more relevant to the mantle transition zone or the lower mantle than the upper mantle near subduction zones where slab segregation could occur at shallow depths ...
Petrogenetic evolution of Uralian-Alaskan-type mafic
... forming minerals from three Uralian-Alaskan-type complexes in the Ural Mountains (Kytlym, Svetley Bor, Nizhnii Tagil) for the purpose of constraining the origin, evolution and composition of their parental melts. The mafic-ultramafic complexes in the Urals are aligned along a narrow, 900 km long bel ...
... forming minerals from three Uralian-Alaskan-type complexes in the Ural Mountains (Kytlym, Svetley Bor, Nizhnii Tagil) for the purpose of constraining the origin, evolution and composition of their parental melts. The mafic-ultramafic complexes in the Urals are aligned along a narrow, 900 km long bel ...
The lithosphere and the soil as power equipment and hazard
... 12.5. Deforestation in Amazonia ................................................................................... 171 References ............................................................................................................................ 173 ...
... 12.5. Deforestation in Amazonia ................................................................................... 171 References ............................................................................................................................ 173 ...
Rudnick and Lee.fm - Cin
... compositions of peridotite residues are difficult to overprint by later processes, such as melt infiltration, which have such dramatic effects on other radiogenic isotope systems. For this reason, Os isotopes have proven useful in dating lithosphere formation, assuming that lithosphere formation goe ...
... compositions of peridotite residues are difficult to overprint by later processes, such as melt infiltration, which have such dramatic effects on other radiogenic isotope systems. For this reason, Os isotopes have proven useful in dating lithosphere formation, assuming that lithosphere formation goe ...
Lithium Isotope Variations in Ocean Island
... parent^daughter fractionation processes. The preferential loss of 7Li during weathering results in isotopically light crust and isotopically heavy river water and seawater (e.g. Chan et al., 1992, 2002; Elliott et al., 2004). In marine environments Li isotopes fractionate during low-temperature alte ...
... parent^daughter fractionation processes. The preferential loss of 7Li during weathering results in isotopically light crust and isotopically heavy river water and seawater (e.g. Chan et al., 1992, 2002; Elliott et al., 2004). In marine environments Li isotopes fractionate during low-temperature alte ...
101 - Durham University Community
... Basaltic magmatism that builds intra-plate ocean islands is often considered to be genetically associated with “hotspots” or “mantle plumes”. While there have been many discussions on why ocean island basalts (OIB) are geochemically highly enriched as an integral part of the mantle plume hypothesis, ...
... Basaltic magmatism that builds intra-plate ocean islands is often considered to be genetically associated with “hotspots” or “mantle plumes”. While there have been many discussions on why ocean island basalts (OIB) are geochemically highly enriched as an integral part of the mantle plume hypothesis, ...
mississippi valley-type lead-zinc deposits (mvt)
... Summary of Economic Characteristics MVT deposits account for approximately 25 percent of the world's lead and zinc resources, and they are dispersed throughout the world (Fig. 1). A large proportion of Pb and Zn production comes from several classic MVT districts located in the drainage basin of the ...
... Summary of Economic Characteristics MVT deposits account for approximately 25 percent of the world's lead and zinc resources, and they are dispersed throughout the world (Fig. 1). A large proportion of Pb and Zn production comes from several classic MVT districts located in the drainage basin of the ...
Lateral Density Inhomogeneities of the Continental and Oceanic
... The new seismic data obtained in recent years pro vide grounds for a substantially more detailed model of the Earth’s crust, which includes the distribution of the density and seismic velocities in its individual lay ers and can be used for gravity modeling and other applications. Particular atten ...
... The new seismic data obtained in recent years pro vide grounds for a substantially more detailed model of the Earth’s crust, which includes the distribution of the density and seismic velocities in its individual lay ers and can be used for gravity modeling and other applications. Particular atten ...
Textural evidence for liquid immiscibility in tholeiites
... Department of Geology and Geophysics, and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut SUMMARY. The residual liquids of many tholeiitic basalts and andesites, on cooling, split into iron-rich and silica-rich fractions, which may quench to brown glassy globules and c ...
... Department of Geology and Geophysics, and Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut SUMMARY. The residual liquids of many tholeiitic basalts and andesites, on cooling, split into iron-rich and silica-rich fractions, which may quench to brown glassy globules and c ...
Fulltext - ETH E-Collection
... The Apuseni-Banat-Timok-Srednogorie (ABTS) magmatic arc in southeastern Europe formed as a result of NE-dipping subduction of the Neotethys ocean beneath the European continental margin during the Late Cretaceous. This magmatic arc is associated with some of Europe’s largest porphyry Cu-Au and epith ...
... The Apuseni-Banat-Timok-Srednogorie (ABTS) magmatic arc in southeastern Europe formed as a result of NE-dipping subduction of the Neotethys ocean beneath the European continental margin during the Late Cretaceous. This magmatic arc is associated with some of Europe’s largest porphyry Cu-Au and epith ...
THE AGUABLANCA Ni–Cu–PGE DEPOSIT, SOUTHWESTERN
... The Aguablanca Ni–Cu–PGE ore deposit, in southwestern Iberia, has a magmatic origin, and has been reworked by later skarn-related hydrothermal activity. Base-metal sulfides are associated with igneous cumulates displaying subvertical layering consisting of gabbro, norite and dolerite, with fragments ...
... The Aguablanca Ni–Cu–PGE ore deposit, in southwestern Iberia, has a magmatic origin, and has been reworked by later skarn-related hydrothermal activity. Base-metal sulfides are associated with igneous cumulates displaying subvertical layering consisting of gabbro, norite and dolerite, with fragments ...
Geophysics and Tectonics of the Snake River Plain, Idaho
... plain, major uncertainties remain concerning the structure of the plain. Seismic refraction profiles have revealed that under the plain a thin upper crust overlies a lower crust which is thicker than that under the Basin and Range province to the south. The large Bouguer gravity high over the plain ...
... plain, major uncertainties remain concerning the structure of the plain. Seismic refraction profiles have revealed that under the plain a thin upper crust overlies a lower crust which is thicker than that under the Basin and Range province to the south. The large Bouguer gravity high over the plain ...
Late Pliocene to Holocene platform evolution in northern Belize, and
... primary source of siliciclastics in the region. Silurian to Devonian granites are overlain by Upper Carboniferous to Middle Permian sedimentary, meta-sedimentary and volcanic rocks that, in turn, were deformed and intruded by granite during the Triassic. Surrounding the Maya Mountains are largely un ...
... primary source of siliciclastics in the region. Silurian to Devonian granites are overlain by Upper Carboniferous to Middle Permian sedimentary, meta-sedimentary and volcanic rocks that, in turn, were deformed and intruded by granite during the Triassic. Surrounding the Maya Mountains are largely un ...
Seismic velocity structure of the rifted margin of the eastern Grand
... Flemish Pass and beneath Beothuk Knoll, which is thinner than the 35-km-thick crust of the central Grand Banks. We therefore assume that the eastern rim of the Grand Banks stretched uniformly by 25%. Farther seaward, the continental crust tapers rapidly beneath the continental slope to 6 km thickne ...
... Flemish Pass and beneath Beothuk Knoll, which is thinner than the 35-km-thick crust of the central Grand Banks. We therefore assume that the eastern rim of the Grand Banks stretched uniformly by 25%. Farther seaward, the continental crust tapers rapidly beneath the continental slope to 6 km thickne ...
Clark, D.A., Geuna, S., and Schmidt, P.W., 2003
... Detrital magnetic mineral grains align their magnetic moments with the ambient field as they settle through water. As a result, sediments acquire detrital remanent magnetisation (DRM) which is subparallel to, but slightly shallower than, the ambient field. Subsequent rotation of grains within pore s ...
... Detrital magnetic mineral grains align their magnetic moments with the ambient field as they settle through water. As a result, sediments acquire detrital remanent magnetisation (DRM) which is subparallel to, but slightly shallower than, the ambient field. Subsequent rotation of grains within pore s ...
Algoman orogeny
The Algoman orogeny, known as the Kenoran orogeny in Canada, was an episode of mountain-building (orogeny) during the Late Archean Eon that involved repeated episodes of continental collisions, compressions and subductions. The Superior province and the Minnesota River Valley terrane collided about 2,700 to 2,500 million years ago. The collision folded the Earth's crust and produced enough heat and pressure to metamorphose the rock. Blocks were added to the Superior province along a 1,200 km (750 mi) boundary that stretches from present-day eastern South Dakota into the Lake Huron area. The Algoman orogeny brought the Archaen Eon to a close, about 2,500 million years ago; it lasted less than 100 million years and marks a major change in the development of the earth’s crust.The Canadian shield contains belts of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks formed by the action of metamorphism on volcanic and sedimentary rock. The areas between individual belts consist of granites or granitic gneisses that form fault zones. These two types of belts can be seen in the Wabigoon, Quetico and Wawa subprovinces; the Wabigoon and Wawa are of volcanic origin and the Quetico is of sedimentary origin. These three subprovinces lie linearly in southwestern- to northeastern-oriented belts about 140 km (90 mi) wide on the southern portion of the Superior Province.The Slave province and portions of the Nain province were also affected. Between about 2,000 and 1,700 million years ago these combined with the Sask and Wyoming cratons to form the first supercontinent, the Kenorland supercontinent.