Practice Exam #1 – Answer Key
... instead, they rapidly join together with atoms that are already nearby, forming lots of tiny crystals. 11. Why is magma generated at subduction zones? Sea water is constantly flowing through the oceanic crust at the bottom of the ocean. This water reacts chemically with the oceanic crust, incorporat ...
... instead, they rapidly join together with atoms that are already nearby, forming lots of tiny crystals. 11. Why is magma generated at subduction zones? Sea water is constantly flowing through the oceanic crust at the bottom of the ocean. This water reacts chemically with the oceanic crust, incorporat ...
Advances in Environmental Biology
... Experimental melts derived from partial melting of different crustal source rocks such as felsic pelites, metagreywackes, gneisses and amphibolites fall into distinct fields based on the major oxide ratios or molar ratios [26]. Conclusion: The South Ardestan rocks belong to metaluminous, medium to h ...
... Experimental melts derived from partial melting of different crustal source rocks such as felsic pelites, metagreywackes, gneisses and amphibolites fall into distinct fields based on the major oxide ratios or molar ratios [26]. Conclusion: The South Ardestan rocks belong to metaluminous, medium to h ...
Possible Mesozoic sediments in fault and brecciation zones in
... to ENE-WSW-trending fault zone, with several splays, is located in Frøyfjorden, and that these faults have been active at several times since the Devonian. A similar suggestion was made by Oftedahl (1975) and Braathen (1996). This structural feature is here referred to informally as the Frøyfjorden ...
... to ENE-WSW-trending fault zone, with several splays, is located in Frøyfjorden, and that these faults have been active at several times since the Devonian. A similar suggestion was made by Oftedahl (1975) and Braathen (1996). This structural feature is here referred to informally as the Frøyfjorden ...
Rocks and Minerals 2012
... A rock’s texture or mineral composition can change when its surroundings change. If the temperature or pressure of the new environment is different from the one in which the rock formed, the rock will undergo metamorphism. ...
... A rock’s texture or mineral composition can change when its surroundings change. If the temperature or pressure of the new environment is different from the one in which the rock formed, the rock will undergo metamorphism. ...
igneous rocks
... remainder of the melt into a fine grained (aphanitic) matrix. The result is an aphanitic rock with some larger crystals (phenocrysts) imbedded within its matrix. Porphyritic texture also occurs when magma crystallizes below a volcano but is erupted before completing crystallization thus forcing the ...
... remainder of the melt into a fine grained (aphanitic) matrix. The result is an aphanitic rock with some larger crystals (phenocrysts) imbedded within its matrix. Porphyritic texture also occurs when magma crystallizes below a volcano but is erupted before completing crystallization thus forcing the ...
Plate Tectonics
... Hess (1960, 1962) proposed the theory of seafloor spreading where ocean floors are spreading apart, propelled by thermal convection currents in the mantle, and moving away from ocean ridges. Magma from the mantle is injected into fractures in the central rift valley of the ocean ridges and becomes n ...
... Hess (1960, 1962) proposed the theory of seafloor spreading where ocean floors are spreading apart, propelled by thermal convection currents in the mantle, and moving away from ocean ridges. Magma from the mantle is injected into fractures in the central rift valley of the ocean ridges and becomes n ...
Fault Elements and Structural Reactivation
... Slickensides occur when the rocks along a fault rub against each other, making their surfaces smoothed, lineated, and grooved. Slickenside formation may involve simple friction, or if the fault surface was once deeply buried, actual growth of oriented mineral grains may respond to the forces on the ...
... Slickensides occur when the rocks along a fault rub against each other, making their surfaces smoothed, lineated, and grooved. Slickenside formation may involve simple friction, or if the fault surface was once deeply buried, actual growth of oriented mineral grains may respond to the forces on the ...
Rocks and Minerals
... stages. In the first stage, the magma is cooled slowly deep in the crust, creating the large crystal grains. In the final stage, the magma is cooled rapidly at relatively shallow depth or as it erupts from a volcano, creating small grains that are usually invisible to the unaided eye. ...
... stages. In the first stage, the magma is cooled slowly deep in the crust, creating the large crystal grains. In the final stage, the magma is cooled rapidly at relatively shallow depth or as it erupts from a volcano, creating small grains that are usually invisible to the unaided eye. ...
IGNEOUS ROCKS
... Distribution of Plutonic Rocks • Granite most abundant in continents – Common in mountain ranges – Ancient mountain ranges that are now plains • e.g, Wolf River Batholith in Wisconsin ...
... Distribution of Plutonic Rocks • Granite most abundant in continents – Common in mountain ranges – Ancient mountain ranges that are now plains • e.g, Wolf River Batholith in Wisconsin ...
Evidence for Plate Tectonics
... Ocean Floor Rock Ages • Rocks closest to the mid-ocean ridges were youngest • Rocks farthest from the mid-ocean ridges were oldest • Pattern of ages is the same on both sides of the ridges • Indicates that new rocks are forming at the mid-ocean ridges! ...
... Ocean Floor Rock Ages • Rocks closest to the mid-ocean ridges were youngest • Rocks farthest from the mid-ocean ridges were oldest • Pattern of ages is the same on both sides of the ridges • Indicates that new rocks are forming at the mid-ocean ridges! ...
Testing Your Knowledge
... 5. In parts of major mountain belts there are sequences of rocks that geologists interpret as slices of ancient oceanic lithosphere. Assuming that such a sequence formed at a divergent boundary and was moved toward a convergent boundary by plate motion, what rock types would you expect to make up th ...
... 5. In parts of major mountain belts there are sequences of rocks that geologists interpret as slices of ancient oceanic lithosphere. Assuming that such a sequence formed at a divergent boundary and was moved toward a convergent boundary by plate motion, what rock types would you expect to make up th ...
Geology Winter 09 Study Guide – Igneous Rocks • Lava flows are
... Magmas that enter preexisting rocks form _____________ rocks which, if found deep below the surface are also known as plutonic rocks. Igneous rock that has exceptionally large crystals (sometimes several meters long) is most likely: 1. aphanitic 2. obsidian 3. pegmatic 4. phaneritic Igneous rocks li ...
... Magmas that enter preexisting rocks form _____________ rocks which, if found deep below the surface are also known as plutonic rocks. Igneous rock that has exceptionally large crystals (sometimes several meters long) is most likely: 1. aphanitic 2. obsidian 3. pegmatic 4. phaneritic Igneous rocks li ...
importance of sedimentary rock
... formed by compression forces exerted over long-time periods. Shale usually contains about 50% silt, 35% clay, and 15% chemical materials, many shales may also contain organic plant materials and fossils. Shale is characterized by thinly, laminated layers, representing successive deposition of sedime ...
... formed by compression forces exerted over long-time periods. Shale usually contains about 50% silt, 35% clay, and 15% chemical materials, many shales may also contain organic plant materials and fossils. Shale is characterized by thinly, laminated layers, representing successive deposition of sedime ...
Appendix: Acronyms and Glossaries
... maar: Bowl-shaped craters caused by the explosive interaction of magma with groundwater (see hydrovolcanic explosions). They typically cut deeply into the pre-eruption ground surface and may be surrounded by low-angle ramparts of pyroclastic materials. magma: Sub-surface rock that has become molten ...
... maar: Bowl-shaped craters caused by the explosive interaction of magma with groundwater (see hydrovolcanic explosions). They typically cut deeply into the pre-eruption ground surface and may be surrounded by low-angle ramparts of pyroclastic materials. magma: Sub-surface rock that has become molten ...
Why is the Earth Moving?
... F. It are these currents that create friction with the crust above and causes it to move. G. Magma (semi-molten rock) near the outer core is heated. H. As the magma nears the crust it begins to cool. ...
... F. It are these currents that create friction with the crust above and causes it to move. G. Magma (semi-molten rock) near the outer core is heated. H. As the magma nears the crust it begins to cool. ...
Earth Science Ch 11 Review : Mountains
... ocean floor at the ocean ridges. This mountain chain is over 70,000 kilometers long and rises 2000 to 3000 meters above the ocean floor. The mountains that form along ocean ridges at convergent plate boundaries are fault-block mountains made of volcanic rock. The mountains are elevated because of is ...
... ocean floor at the ocean ridges. This mountain chain is over 70,000 kilometers long and rises 2000 to 3000 meters above the ocean floor. The mountains that form along ocean ridges at convergent plate boundaries are fault-block mountains made of volcanic rock. The mountains are elevated because of is ...
Word format
... longer active, but many are still active today. Where was the largest earthquake in the recorded history of the continental United States in the winter of 1811-1812? _____________________________________ There were 3 large earthquakes all above a magnitude 7, the largest an 8.1. The faults that prod ...
... longer active, but many are still active today. Where was the largest earthquake in the recorded history of the continental United States in the winter of 1811-1812? _____________________________________ There were 3 large earthquakes all above a magnitude 7, the largest an 8.1. The faults that prod ...
Review for the Earthquake and Mountain Building Quiz! Here is a
... a soft, relatively weak layer of the mantle known as the asthenosphere. One of the most basic geologic structures associated with rock deformation are folds (flat-lying sedimentary and volcanic rocks bent into a series of waves). The two most common types of folds are anticlines (A!), formed by the ...
... a soft, relatively weak layer of the mantle known as the asthenosphere. One of the most basic geologic structures associated with rock deformation are folds (flat-lying sedimentary and volcanic rocks bent into a series of waves). The two most common types of folds are anticlines (A!), formed by the ...
Water | CALS Cooperative Extension
... three ways: (1) between oceanic and continental plates, (2) between two oceanic plates, and (3) between two continental plates. Convergent boundaries are associated with subduction zones, where crust on one side is being destroyed. They are also associated with large-scale volcanic and seismic (eart ...
... three ways: (1) between oceanic and continental plates, (2) between two oceanic plates, and (3) between two continental plates. Convergent boundaries are associated with subduction zones, where crust on one side is being destroyed. They are also associated with large-scale volcanic and seismic (eart ...
Plate Tectonics - Awtrey Middle School
... Large landmass that existed 245 m.y.a. Evidence that Pangaea existed 1. Continents fit together like puzzle pieces (mountain ranges lined up) 2. Mesosaurus – Reptile fossil found on South America and Africa – It couldn’t swim! 3. Glossopteris – Tropical plant fossil that was found in Antarctica! ...
... Large landmass that existed 245 m.y.a. Evidence that Pangaea existed 1. Continents fit together like puzzle pieces (mountain ranges lined up) 2. Mesosaurus – Reptile fossil found on South America and Africa – It couldn’t swim! 3. Glossopteris – Tropical plant fossil that was found in Antarctica! ...
Word98 format
... C. (1) plutonic (2) phaneritic D. (1) plutonic (2) aphanitic E. (1) plutonic (2) pyroclastic ...
... C. (1) plutonic (2) phaneritic D. (1) plutonic (2) aphanitic E. (1) plutonic (2) pyroclastic ...
EXAM 1: ANSWER KEY
... C. (1) plutonic (2) phaneritic D. (1) plutonic (2) aphanitic E. (1) plutonic (2) pyroclastic ...
... C. (1) plutonic (2) phaneritic D. (1) plutonic (2) aphanitic E. (1) plutonic (2) pyroclastic ...
PT Magic Squares - Welcome to Rossignols.net
... Directions: Above is a group of terms related to Plate Tectonics. Your task is to match the definitions below with the correct term. Place the number of the definition in the box with the term. Check your answers by adding the numbers to see if the sums of each column and each row add up to the same ...
... Directions: Above is a group of terms related to Plate Tectonics. Your task is to match the definitions below with the correct term. Place the number of the definition in the box with the term. Check your answers by adding the numbers to see if the sums of each column and each row add up to the same ...
BACKGROUNDINFORMATION
... activity that occurs at the plate boundaries can be disastrous, often causing earthquakes, volcanoes, hot springs and geysers. In the distant past, this geologic activity has given rise to mountain ranges, volcanic islands, rift valleys and other major geologic formations. Most of the plate boundari ...
... activity that occurs at the plate boundaries can be disastrous, often causing earthquakes, volcanoes, hot springs and geysers. In the distant past, this geologic activity has given rise to mountain ranges, volcanic islands, rift valleys and other major geologic formations. Most of the plate boundari ...
Algoman orogeny
The Algoman orogeny, known as the Kenoran orogeny in Canada, was an episode of mountain-building (orogeny) during the Late Archean Eon that involved repeated episodes of continental collisions, compressions and subductions. The Superior province and the Minnesota River Valley terrane collided about 2,700 to 2,500 million years ago. The collision folded the Earth's crust and produced enough heat and pressure to metamorphose the rock. Blocks were added to the Superior province along a 1,200 km (750 mi) boundary that stretches from present-day eastern South Dakota into the Lake Huron area. The Algoman orogeny brought the Archaen Eon to a close, about 2,500 million years ago; it lasted less than 100 million years and marks a major change in the development of the earth’s crust.The Canadian shield contains belts of metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks formed by the action of metamorphism on volcanic and sedimentary rock. The areas between individual belts consist of granites or granitic gneisses that form fault zones. These two types of belts can be seen in the Wabigoon, Quetico and Wawa subprovinces; the Wabigoon and Wawa are of volcanic origin and the Quetico is of sedimentary origin. These three subprovinces lie linearly in southwestern- to northeastern-oriented belts about 140 km (90 mi) wide on the southern portion of the Superior Province.The Slave province and portions of the Nain province were also affected. Between about 2,000 and 1,700 million years ago these combined with the Sask and Wyoming cratons to form the first supercontinent, the Kenorland supercontinent.