Open access
... nationally notifiable infection. Suspected Zika cases are to be reported to state and local health departments. The most current information on Zika virus infection for healthcare providers and case definitions can be found at www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/ indedx.html. Early diagnosis may prevent f ...
... nationally notifiable infection. Suspected Zika cases are to be reported to state and local health departments. The most current information on Zika virus infection for healthcare providers and case definitions can be found at www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/ indedx.html. Early diagnosis may prevent f ...
international breeders` meeting
... Hendra virus in a horse at Bundaberg During the quarter, 92 equine submissions for Hendra virus (HeV) disease investigation were made to Queensland's Biosecurity Science Laboratory. A further 16 submissions were made for health testing to exclude HeV in clinically well horses before interstate or in ...
... Hendra virus in a horse at Bundaberg During the quarter, 92 equine submissions for Hendra virus (HeV) disease investigation were made to Queensland's Biosecurity Science Laboratory. A further 16 submissions were made for health testing to exclude HeV in clinically well horses before interstate or in ...
Antiviral Research Rapid sequence-based diagnosis of viral infection
... Although costs and ease of use are improving, only multiplex PCR assays are widely used at the time of writing. In multiplex assays, many genetic targets compete for assay components (e.g., nucleotides, polymerases and dyes), in some instances with variable efficiency. Thus, current multiplex assays ...
... Although costs and ease of use are improving, only multiplex PCR assays are widely used at the time of writing. In multiplex assays, many genetic targets compete for assay components (e.g., nucleotides, polymerases and dyes), in some instances with variable efficiency. Thus, current multiplex assays ...
Frequently Asked Questions on Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) August
... area to help bring the outbreak under control. What is Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)? EVD is the cause of a viral hemorrhagic fever disease. Symptoms include: fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, weakness, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach pain, lack of appetite, and abnormal bleeding. Symptoms may appear ...
... area to help bring the outbreak under control. What is Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)? EVD is the cause of a viral hemorrhagic fever disease. Symptoms include: fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, weakness, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach pain, lack of appetite, and abnormal bleeding. Symptoms may appear ...
Non-Vector Transmission of Dengue and Other Mosquito
... of material that reaches a receptive site. Additional factors that may influence the likelihood of direct transmission include stability of shed virus in the environment, the immune status of those potentially exposed, the size of the inoculum and the route of virus contact and entry[9]. Virus shedd ...
... of material that reaches a receptive site. Additional factors that may influence the likelihood of direct transmission include stability of shed virus in the environment, the immune status of those potentially exposed, the size of the inoculum and the route of virus contact and entry[9]. Virus shedd ...
Classification Flow Chart (Adapted from UNH Shipment of Biological
... Substances that have been neutralized or inactivated such that they no longer pose a health risk Environmental samples which are not considered to pose a significant risk of infection Dried blood spots and fecal occult blood screening tests Blood or blood components which have been collected for the ...
... Substances that have been neutralized or inactivated such that they no longer pose a health risk Environmental samples which are not considered to pose a significant risk of infection Dried blood spots and fecal occult blood screening tests Blood or blood components which have been collected for the ...
Self-Replicative RNA Vaccines Elicit Protection against Influenza A
... expression in cell culture, BHK-21 cells were electroporated with recombinant RNAs, followed by indirect immunofluorescence with specific monoclonal antibodies. Antibody specific for FLU HA protein was purchased from Virostat. Antibody 4.2 specific for LIV prME protein has been described elsewhere [ ...
... expression in cell culture, BHK-21 cells were electroporated with recombinant RNAs, followed by indirect immunofluorescence with specific monoclonal antibodies. Antibody specific for FLU HA protein was purchased from Virostat. Antibody 4.2 specific for LIV prME protein has been described elsewhere [ ...
Interim Recommendations on Infection Control for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)... Healthcare Settings
... Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by infection with Ebola virus which belongs to the family called Filoviridae. EVD in humans has a case fatality rate of up to 90%. Since the first report of the EVD outbreak in West Africa in March 2014, the cumulative numbers of cases attributed to EVD are contin ...
... Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by infection with Ebola virus which belongs to the family called Filoviridae. EVD in humans has a case fatality rate of up to 90%. Since the first report of the EVD outbreak in West Africa in March 2014, the cumulative numbers of cases attributed to EVD are contin ...
Pea Early Browning Virus - Plant Biosecurity Toolbox
... Christie RG 1991). However, experimental transmissions have shown that at least 30 species in at least ten families have been infected by sap inoculation, although many do not become systemically infected. High seed transmission rates have been reported for PEBV in field pea (up to 61%) and broad be ...
... Christie RG 1991). However, experimental transmissions have shown that at least 30 species in at least ten families have been infected by sap inoculation, although many do not become systemically infected. High seed transmission rates have been reported for PEBV in field pea (up to 61%) and broad be ...
Diagnostic Methods for Pea Early Browning Virus PEBV
... Other studies have shown that viable recombinants between tobravirus species can be produced in the laboratory, for example by replacing the coat protein gene of PEBV with that of TRV (MacFarlane et al. 1994). Anomalous tobravirus isolates have also been found in nature. Robinson et al. (1987) found ...
... Other studies have shown that viable recombinants between tobravirus species can be produced in the laboratory, for example by replacing the coat protein gene of PEBV with that of TRV (MacFarlane et al. 1994). Anomalous tobravirus isolates have also been found in nature. Robinson et al. (1987) found ...
Food Poisoning - STA HealthCare Communications
... paralysis. Canned foods have typically been implicated, as the canning process allows for an anaerobic environment allowing C. botulinum to flourish and produce toxins. ...
... paralysis. Canned foods have typically been implicated, as the canning process allows for an anaerobic environment allowing C. botulinum to flourish and produce toxins. ...
Hepatitis B Virus infection: virology
... Consequences of mutations on overlapping ORFs Error prone HBV polymerase permits occurrence of nucleotide mutations; Stronger conservatory constraints on protein sequences; ...
... Consequences of mutations on overlapping ORFs Error prone HBV polymerase permits occurrence of nucleotide mutations; Stronger conservatory constraints on protein sequences; ...
PDF
... Collection Areas WITHOUT Active Transmission of Zika Virus Additional Question for Zika: In the past 4 weeks, have you been in any of the areas on this list? (Have donor review list of locations on CDC webpage http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/index.html.) Donor Eligibility: The Zika virus, which is sprea ...
... Collection Areas WITHOUT Active Transmission of Zika Virus Additional Question for Zika: In the past 4 weeks, have you been in any of the areas on this list? (Have donor review list of locations on CDC webpage http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/index.html.) Donor Eligibility: The Zika virus, which is sprea ...
Flowcharts for Zika Additional Questions for Collection Areas WITH
... Collection Areas WITHOUT Active Transmission of Zika Virus Additional Question for Zika: In the past 4 weeks, have you been in any of the areas on this list? (Have donor review list of locations on CDC webpage http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/index.html.) Donor Eligibility: The Zika virus, which is sprea ...
... Collection Areas WITHOUT Active Transmission of Zika Virus Additional Question for Zika: In the past 4 weeks, have you been in any of the areas on this list? (Have donor review list of locations on CDC webpage http://www.cdc.gov/zika/geo/index.html.) Donor Eligibility: The Zika virus, which is sprea ...
Recombinant Vaccinia Viruses as Live Vaccines . .. 362
... are also other scientific applications. For instance, the virus may be used to raise specific antisera against the foreign gene product. Such antisera may be useful in characterising the corresponding antigen within its normal environment, and for determining if the antigen has potential use in futu ...
... are also other scientific applications. For instance, the virus may be used to raise specific antisera against the foreign gene product. Such antisera may be useful in characterising the corresponding antigen within its normal environment, and for determining if the antigen has potential use in futu ...
overview / frequently asked questions
... getting sick because they may come in contact with the blood or body fluids of sick patients. People also can become sick with Ebola after coming in contact with infected wildlife. For example, in Africa, Ebola may spread as a result of handling wild animals hunted for food and contact with infected ...
... getting sick because they may come in contact with the blood or body fluids of sick patients. People also can become sick with Ebola after coming in contact with infected wildlife. For example, in Africa, Ebola may spread as a result of handling wild animals hunted for food and contact with infected ...
The Hepatitis B Virus Life Circle: Achievements and
... cccDNA is regularly cleared following acute infection of immun‐competent individuals ...
... cccDNA is regularly cleared following acute infection of immun‐competent individuals ...
Hendra virus - NSW Department of Primary Industries
... virus Horses may be infectious before they show any sign of illness. Sound hygiene and biosecurity (animal disease control) measures should be used routinely for all horse contact. If you have handled a sick horse, before you contact other horses: • wash off any contamination with plenty of soap and ...
... virus Horses may be infectious before they show any sign of illness. Sound hygiene and biosecurity (animal disease control) measures should be used routinely for all horse contact. If you have handled a sick horse, before you contact other horses: • wash off any contamination with plenty of soap and ...
ADAPTATION OF INDIGENOUS INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE
... 1987). IBDV is a member of the genus Avibirnavirus belonging to the family Birnaviridae. The virus genome consists of two segments (A and B) and is a double stranded non-enveloped RNA having the size of about 55-65 nm in diameter (Becht et al., 1988). Strains of IBDV show reduced virulence by passag ...
... 1987). IBDV is a member of the genus Avibirnavirus belonging to the family Birnaviridae. The virus genome consists of two segments (A and B) and is a double stranded non-enveloped RNA having the size of about 55-65 nm in diameter (Becht et al., 1988). Strains of IBDV show reduced virulence by passag ...
Hepatitis viruses - University of Yeditepe Faculty of Medicine, 2011
... injections, with the second and third given 1 and 6 months after the first. More than 95% of individuals receiving the full three-dose course will develop protective antibody. The single serotype and limited host range (humans) help ensure the success of an immunization program. ...
... injections, with the second and third given 1 and 6 months after the first. More than 95% of individuals receiving the full three-dose course will develop protective antibody. The single serotype and limited host range (humans) help ensure the success of an immunization program. ...
who am I germ slides
... I can produce a mild fever and general weakness I am primarily found in the feces of infected people I am more commonly associated with ready-to-eat food items Purchasing shellfish from an approved supplier can be a safeguard against me 2. Identify the virus or parasite: Giardia I can prod ...
... I can produce a mild fever and general weakness I am primarily found in the feces of infected people I am more commonly associated with ready-to-eat food items Purchasing shellfish from an approved supplier can be a safeguard against me 2. Identify the virus or parasite: Giardia I can prod ...
Beyond Malaria — Causes of Fever in Outpatient Tanzanian Children
... and their respective durations, travel history, contact with sick persons, known chronic conditions, and 49 clinical signs. If the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness clinical criteria for a suspected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were met, voluntary HIV testing was recommended ...
... and their respective durations, travel history, contact with sick persons, known chronic conditions, and 49 clinical signs. If the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness clinical criteria for a suspected human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were met, voluntary HIV testing was recommended ...
Travel-Related Influenza A/H1N1 Infection at a Rock Festival in
... in inpatients suffering fever, this possible coinfection would probably not have been recognized. The positive nasal swab for influenza A/H1N1 virus in our case may account for a nasal carriage in a healthy carrier for influenza. Indeed, in a recent investigation of an influenza A/H1N1 outbreak in Fran ...
... in inpatients suffering fever, this possible coinfection would probably not have been recognized. The positive nasal swab for influenza A/H1N1 virus in our case may account for a nasal carriage in a healthy carrier for influenza. Indeed, in a recent investigation of an influenza A/H1N1 outbreak in Fran ...
Characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus types Ο and Asia 1 RNA
... §To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Abbreviations used: FMDV, Foot-and-mouth disease virus; CMP, cytidine monophosphate. ...
... §To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Abbreviations used: FMDV, Foot-and-mouth disease virus; CMP, cytidine monophosphate. ...
Norovirus
Norovirus, sometimes known as the winter vomiting bug in the UK, is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans. It affects people of all ages. The virus is transmitted by fecally contaminated food or water, by person-to-person contact, and via aerosolization of the virus and subsequent contamination of surfaces. The virus affects around 267 million people and causes over 200,000 deaths each year; these deaths are usually in less developed countries and in the very young, elderly and immunosuppressed.Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, projectile vomiting, malodorous watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur. The disease is usually self-limiting, and severe illness is rare. Although having norovirus can be unpleasant, it is not usually dangerous and most who contract it make a full recovery within a couple of days. Norovirus is rapidly inactivated by either sufficient heating or by chlorine-based disinfectants and polyquaternary amines, but the virus is less susceptible to alcohols and detergents.After infection, immunity to norovirus is usually incomplete and temporary, with one publication drawing the conclusion that protective immunity to the same strain of norovirus lasts for six months, but that all such immunity is gone after two years. Outbreaks of norovirus infection often occur in closed or semiclosed communities, such as long-term care facilities, overnight camps, hospitals, schools, prisons, dormitories, and cruise ships, where the infection spreads very rapidly either by person-to-person transmission or through contaminated food. Many norovirus outbreaks have been traced to food that was handled by one infected person.The genus name Norovirus is derived from Norwalk virus, the only species of the genus. The species causes approximately 90% of epidemic nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world, and may be responsible for 50% of all foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United States.