Cold vs flu
... There are three types of viruses: Type A- divided into subtypes and be found world wide. H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 Type B- Outbreaks can cause epidemics. Symptoms are usually more mild than Type A Type C- No epidemics just mild respiratory infections ...
... There are three types of viruses: Type A- divided into subtypes and be found world wide. H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 Type B- Outbreaks can cause epidemics. Symptoms are usually more mild than Type A Type C- No epidemics just mild respiratory infections ...
General Virology
... antibodies is observed with little or no detectable IgM response, suggesting prior protection. ...
... antibodies is observed with little or no detectable IgM response, suggesting prior protection. ...
Herpes B Virus Information for Labs Handling Non
... virus. Exposure to peripheral blood from monkeys has not been reported to cause infection in humans. Cases of B virus infection have been reported after exposure to monkey cell cultures and to central nervous system tissue. There is often no apparent evidence of B virus infection in the animals or t ...
... virus. Exposure to peripheral blood from monkeys has not been reported to cause infection in humans. Cases of B virus infection have been reported after exposure to monkey cell cultures and to central nervous system tissue. There is often no apparent evidence of B virus infection in the animals or t ...
Foodborne Illness, Kirk Smith, MDH (PDF: 626KB/60 pages)
... • Most commonly recognized cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in Minnesota, U.S. • Disease similar to Salmonella, though not as likely to cause invasive infections • Typical clinical presentation is fever, diarrhea for up to a week ...
... • Most commonly recognized cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in Minnesota, U.S. • Disease similar to Salmonella, though not as likely to cause invasive infections • Typical clinical presentation is fever, diarrhea for up to a week ...
Viruses - mrvigs122
... Viruses are assembled from the proteins Viruses are released from the cell ...
... Viruses are assembled from the proteins Viruses are released from the cell ...
Viruses - Biology with Ms. Murillo
... c. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replicates by the lysogenic infection method, attacking the helper-T cells of our immune system. Why do you think a person infected with HIV has difficulty fighting pathogens, such as the common cold or pneumonia? Helper-T cells notify the various parts of y ...
... c. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replicates by the lysogenic infection method, attacking the helper-T cells of our immune system. Why do you think a person infected with HIV has difficulty fighting pathogens, such as the common cold or pneumonia? Helper-T cells notify the various parts of y ...
Presentation 2
... CNS infections - samples Serum (antibodies) Cerebrospinal fluid (antibodies or virus) ...
... CNS infections - samples Serum (antibodies) Cerebrospinal fluid (antibodies or virus) ...
Transmission of human respiratory syncytial virus in ferrets
... Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is an important cause of severe respiratory tract disease in the community and in hospital settings, especially in wards with immunocompromised patients. Generally, it is believed that the virus is unstable, but still the virus can maintain its infectivity fo ...
... Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is an important cause of severe respiratory tract disease in the community and in hospital settings, especially in wards with immunocompromised patients. Generally, it is believed that the virus is unstable, but still the virus can maintain its infectivity fo ...
Poliomyelitis (Polio) Fact Sheet
... How is the virus transmitted? The virus can pass from person to person through the stool (feces) of an infected person. It can then spread to another person on unwashed hands, contaminated food or objects. How can it be prevented? Thorough hand washing is the best prevention. Make sure hands are p ...
... How is the virus transmitted? The virus can pass from person to person through the stool (feces) of an infected person. It can then spread to another person on unwashed hands, contaminated food or objects. How can it be prevented? Thorough hand washing is the best prevention. Make sure hands are p ...
Viral Infection
... Viruses in this family infect humans, horses, and pigs, and are the cause of influenza Orthomyxoviruses are divided into three types: Influenzae A, B, and C Only influenza virus types A and B are of medical importance Type A influenza viruses differ from type B viruses in that they have an ...
... Viruses in this family infect humans, horses, and pigs, and are the cause of influenza Orthomyxoviruses are divided into three types: Influenzae A, B, and C Only influenza virus types A and B are of medical importance Type A influenza viruses differ from type B viruses in that they have an ...
Factsheet on Conjunctivitis - Cumbria Partnership NHS Foundation
... The virus can survive on hard surfaces or objects for up to 24 hours. The infected person is usually infectious for about a week starting from just before their symptoms start. The virus spreads by direct person to person contact and droplets carried on the air. ...
... The virus can survive on hard surfaces or objects for up to 24 hours. The infected person is usually infectious for about a week starting from just before their symptoms start. The virus spreads by direct person to person contact and droplets carried on the air. ...
guidance on norovirus in schools - Hertfordshire Grid for Learning
... years, particularly in semi closed communities such as schools. NV was previously called Small Round Structured Virus (SRSV) or Norwalk-like virus (NLV) and causes what many people still call ‘Winter Vomiting Disease’ although it can occur at any time of year. ...
... years, particularly in semi closed communities such as schools. NV was previously called Small Round Structured Virus (SRSV) or Norwalk-like virus (NLV) and causes what many people still call ‘Winter Vomiting Disease’ although it can occur at any time of year. ...
Influenza - sarabrennan
... scientists are looking for more antibiotics so they could prevent a pandemic from erupting The National Institute of Health are also searching to find a more effective treatment for the Influenza ...
... scientists are looking for more antibiotics so they could prevent a pandemic from erupting The National Institute of Health are also searching to find a more effective treatment for the Influenza ...
Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories, pp
... 1) Arboviruses are a large group of viruses that are spread by certain invertebrate animals (arthropods), most commonly blood-sucking insects (In USA. spread mainly by mosquitoes) T/F 2) Most people infected with arboviruses have few or no symptoms, but arboviruses can cause serious and potentially ...
... 1) Arboviruses are a large group of viruses that are spread by certain invertebrate animals (arthropods), most commonly blood-sucking insects (In USA. spread mainly by mosquitoes) T/F 2) Most people infected with arboviruses have few or no symptoms, but arboviruses can cause serious and potentially ...
Marburg hemorrhagic fever
... does not occur during the incubation period.Infection results from contact with blood or other body fluids (faeces, vomitus, urine, saliva, and respiratory secretions) with high virus concentration, especially when these fluids contain blood. Transmission via infected semen can occur; virus has been ...
... does not occur during the incubation period.Infection results from contact with blood or other body fluids (faeces, vomitus, urine, saliva, and respiratory secretions) with high virus concentration, especially when these fluids contain blood. Transmission via infected semen can occur; virus has been ...
Chapter 10
... usually last a few days, and recovery is uncomplicated. Dehydration is a concern, particularly in infants and in the elderly. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route, or by eating raw or undercooked shellfish from contaminated waters. Children under age five are vulnerable to rotaviruses, which cause ...
... usually last a few days, and recovery is uncomplicated. Dehydration is a concern, particularly in infants and in the elderly. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route, or by eating raw or undercooked shellfish from contaminated waters. Children under age five are vulnerable to rotaviruses, which cause ...
National Guidelines on the Management of Outbreaks of Norovirus
... Outbreaks due to norovirus are not eradicable, but they are controllable. There is a growing body of international evidence that indicates interventions that will minimise the effects of the virus. Within hospitals and other healthcare settings, an early, rapid response to an outbreak due to norovir ...
... Outbreaks due to norovirus are not eradicable, but they are controllable. There is a growing body of international evidence that indicates interventions that will minimise the effects of the virus. Within hospitals and other healthcare settings, an early, rapid response to an outbreak due to norovir ...
Lecture 22: patterns of infection
... 4) Chromosomal integration of proviral genomes can result in “silent” infections, infrequent or constant rounds of low level, only slightly cytopathic virus production. ...
... 4) Chromosomal integration of proviral genomes can result in “silent” infections, infrequent or constant rounds of low level, only slightly cytopathic virus production. ...
Powerpoint - Dinman, Jonathan D.
... – Others transcytose through M cells into underlying basal membranes and extracellular space. e.g. Reoviruses – From there, can go to ...
... – Others transcytose through M cells into underlying basal membranes and extracellular space. e.g. Reoviruses – From there, can go to ...
Document
... 2. Serological tests are used to reveal: Heterophile antibodies with Paul-Bunnell test Specific anti-EBV antibodies with ELISA and immunofluorescence ...
... 2. Serological tests are used to reveal: Heterophile antibodies with Paul-Bunnell test Specific anti-EBV antibodies with ELISA and immunofluorescence ...
Bovine Herpes Virus - Veterinary Extension
... tract infections are the most common form of the disease. These infections occur frequently in intensive production units such as feedyard’s and backgrounding operations. Conjunctivitis may appear as a symptom associated with the respiratory form of the disease or it may be the only symptom present. ...
... tract infections are the most common form of the disease. These infections occur frequently in intensive production units such as feedyard’s and backgrounding operations. Conjunctivitis may appear as a symptom associated with the respiratory form of the disease or it may be the only symptom present. ...
Norovirus
Norovirus, sometimes known as the winter vomiting bug in the UK, is the most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans. It affects people of all ages. The virus is transmitted by fecally contaminated food or water, by person-to-person contact, and via aerosolization of the virus and subsequent contamination of surfaces. The virus affects around 267 million people and causes over 200,000 deaths each year; these deaths are usually in less developed countries and in the very young, elderly and immunosuppressed.Norovirus infection is characterized by nausea, projectile vomiting, malodorous watery diarrhea, abdominal pain, and in some cases, loss of taste. General lethargy, weakness, muscle aches, headache, and low-grade fever may occur. The disease is usually self-limiting, and severe illness is rare. Although having norovirus can be unpleasant, it is not usually dangerous and most who contract it make a full recovery within a couple of days. Norovirus is rapidly inactivated by either sufficient heating or by chlorine-based disinfectants and polyquaternary amines, but the virus is less susceptible to alcohols and detergents.After infection, immunity to norovirus is usually incomplete and temporary, with one publication drawing the conclusion that protective immunity to the same strain of norovirus lasts for six months, but that all such immunity is gone after two years. Outbreaks of norovirus infection often occur in closed or semiclosed communities, such as long-term care facilities, overnight camps, hospitals, schools, prisons, dormitories, and cruise ships, where the infection spreads very rapidly either by person-to-person transmission or through contaminated food. Many norovirus outbreaks have been traced to food that was handled by one infected person.The genus name Norovirus is derived from Norwalk virus, the only species of the genus. The species causes approximately 90% of epidemic nonbacterial outbreaks of gastroenteritis around the world, and may be responsible for 50% of all foodborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis in the United States.