1088-3818-1-SM
... Medicinal plants have been traditionally used for different kinds of ailments including infectious diseases of bacterial and viral origin. There is an increasing need for search of new compounds with antiviral activity due to the problems of viral resistance, viral latency and recurrent infection in ...
... Medicinal plants have been traditionally used for different kinds of ailments including infectious diseases of bacterial and viral origin. There is an increasing need for search of new compounds with antiviral activity due to the problems of viral resistance, viral latency and recurrent infection in ...
Epstein-Barr virus infection and gastrointestinal diseases
... carcinomas is well established. The role of EBV in conditions predisposing to carcinoma such as chronic gastritis has remained undefined, however. The vast majority of the performed studies argue against a direct involvement of EBV in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis.69-71 Little is known about ...
... carcinomas is well established. The role of EBV in conditions predisposing to carcinoma such as chronic gastritis has remained undefined, however. The vast majority of the performed studies argue against a direct involvement of EBV in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis.69-71 Little is known about ...
Rift Valley Fever
... Studies have shown that sleeping outdoors at night in geographical regions where outbreaks occur could be a risk factor for exposure to mosquito and other insect vectors. Animal herdsmen, abattoir workers, and other individuals who work with animals in RVF-endemic areas (areas where the virus is pre ...
... Studies have shown that sleeping outdoors at night in geographical regions where outbreaks occur could be a risk factor for exposure to mosquito and other insect vectors. Animal herdsmen, abattoir workers, and other individuals who work with animals in RVF-endemic areas (areas where the virus is pre ...
Hospitalized Patients with 2009 H1N1 Influenza in the United States
... least 24 hours with an influenza-like illness (temperature of 37.8°C [100°F] or higher and cough or R e sult s sore throat) and who had 2009 H1N1 virus infection, as confirmed by a real-time reverse-tran- Clinical Characteristics scriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction assay at either From May 1, 2009, ...
... least 24 hours with an influenza-like illness (temperature of 37.8°C [100°F] or higher and cough or R e sult s sore throat) and who had 2009 H1N1 virus infection, as confirmed by a real-time reverse-tran- Clinical Characteristics scriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction assay at either From May 1, 2009, ...
Comparison of virus production in chicken embryo fibroblasts
... produced following infection of CEF cells. Therefore EM was used to distinguish them. CEFs were infected with the three VV strains at an m.o.i. of 10, fixed at 24 h. p.i. and the cells embedded in Epon. In such sections IMV could be distinguished from IEV because the latter form is surrounded by two ...
... produced following infection of CEF cells. Therefore EM was used to distinguish them. CEFs were infected with the three VV strains at an m.o.i. of 10, fixed at 24 h. p.i. and the cells embedded in Epon. In such sections IMV could be distinguished from IEV because the latter form is surrounded by two ...
Central nervous system infections
... febrile illness, but asymptomatic infection is common. In California: Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) virus St Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus : transmitted by the mosquito Culex tarsalis; a WEE ...
... febrile illness, but asymptomatic infection is common. In California: Western equine encephalomyelitis (WEE) virus St Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus : transmitted by the mosquito Culex tarsalis; a WEE ...
Word format - Open Study at LSHTM
... a) Direct contact with infected individuals Feedback: Direct contact with an infected person via the skin, mucosa, bodily fluids, or vertical transmission such as from a mother to a child are all ways in which an infection can be transmitted. However, this is not the only way. How else might an infe ...
... a) Direct contact with infected individuals Feedback: Direct contact with an infected person via the skin, mucosa, bodily fluids, or vertical transmission such as from a mother to a child are all ways in which an infection can be transmitted. However, this is not the only way. How else might an infe ...
Microbial Virulence as an Emergent Property: Consequences and Opportunities Opinion Arturo Casadevall
... Emergent properties are properties that cannot be entirely explained by their individual components [39]. An element of novelty is also considered to be an essential attribute of ‘‘emergent’’, a term that contrasts with ‘‘resultant’’, with the latter denoting an outcome that is predicted from the co ...
... Emergent properties are properties that cannot be entirely explained by their individual components [39]. An element of novelty is also considered to be an essential attribute of ‘‘emergent’’, a term that contrasts with ‘‘resultant’’, with the latter denoting an outcome that is predicted from the co ...
Document
... restriction factor of HIV-1. It has been shown that A3G blocks HIV-1 replication or transmission when its expression is up-regulated. Streptococcus Cristatus CC5A is a non-pathogenic oral bacterial. We found that a small molecule of Streptococcus cristatus CC5A (S. cristatus CC5A) was able to upregu ...
... restriction factor of HIV-1. It has been shown that A3G blocks HIV-1 replication or transmission when its expression is up-regulated. Streptococcus Cristatus CC5A is a non-pathogenic oral bacterial. We found that a small molecule of Streptococcus cristatus CC5A (S. cristatus CC5A) was able to upregu ...
RT-PCR and Sequencing Protocols for the Molecular
... Sequence reading and entry onto WRLFMD database ...
... Sequence reading and entry onto WRLFMD database ...
INFECTIOUS HAEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS
... IHN occurs among several species of salmonids with fry being the most highly susceptible stage. Older fish are typically more resistant to clinical disease, but among individuals, there is a high degree of variation in susceptibility to IHNV. As with viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, good fish h ...
... IHN occurs among several species of salmonids with fry being the most highly susceptible stage. Older fish are typically more resistant to clinical disease, but among individuals, there is a high degree of variation in susceptibility to IHNV. As with viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, good fish h ...
Study of recently identified porcine parvoviruses in pig herds of
... In the chapter II, I describe my study of the five classical and newly identified porcine parvoviruses detected in Thailand. Thailand had not been investigated for the classical PPV or new porcine parvoviruses except for the seroprevalence of PPV (Tummaruk, et al., 2012). I examined the 80 tonsil sa ...
... In the chapter II, I describe my study of the five classical and newly identified porcine parvoviruses detected in Thailand. Thailand had not been investigated for the classical PPV or new porcine parvoviruses except for the seroprevalence of PPV (Tummaruk, et al., 2012). I examined the 80 tonsil sa ...
Can a leaf sample from a field planting be considered as an official
... the virus mostly occurs in the internal phloem bundles and cannot move from cell-to-cell without the aid of helper proteins from other viruses. ...
... the virus mostly occurs in the internal phloem bundles and cannot move from cell-to-cell without the aid of helper proteins from other viruses. ...
The When and the Where of Zika Epidemic Potential - HAL
... Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted via the bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes, although non-vector-borne transmission has also been documented (sexual and maternofetal transmission and transmission through transfusion) (Musso and Gubler, 2016). Until the recent outbreaks, ZIKV had a known ...
... Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus transmitted via the bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes, although non-vector-borne transmission has also been documented (sexual and maternofetal transmission and transmission through transfusion) (Musso and Gubler, 2016). Until the recent outbreaks, ZIKV had a known ...
Significantly elevated number of human
... March 2013) [2]. In contrast, at the same date, and for a period of over 13 years (since 2003) the number of H5N1 cases worldwide was only 856 [2]. Since its first identification in March 2013, the H7N9 virus has caused five waves of human infections in China [3]. There were 134 cases, 304 cases, 21 ...
... March 2013) [2]. In contrast, at the same date, and for a period of over 13 years (since 2003) the number of H5N1 cases worldwide was only 856 [2]. Since its first identification in March 2013, the H7N9 virus has caused five waves of human infections in China [3]. There were 134 cases, 304 cases, 21 ...
Collection of Domestic Measures to Prevent, Control and Respond
... (APEC) agreed on the “APEC Initiative on Preparing for and Mitigating an Influenza Pandemic.” In this Initiative, APEC economies agreed to work collectively to “enhance capacity building in preventing and controlling a pandemic of avian origin at its source.” Furthermore, in the APEC Action Plan agr ...
... (APEC) agreed on the “APEC Initiative on Preparing for and Mitigating an Influenza Pandemic.” In this Initiative, APEC economies agreed to work collectively to “enhance capacity building in preventing and controlling a pandemic of avian origin at its source.” Furthermore, in the APEC Action Plan agr ...
Emergency Preparedness
... A new strain of influenza virus that spreads quickly worldwide. • It is carried and spread among humans and; • humans have little or no immunity against it. ...
... A new strain of influenza virus that spreads quickly worldwide. • It is carried and spread among humans and; • humans have little or no immunity against it. ...
THE SUPERINFECTION OF THE RABBIT
... theirs (7), no evidence had been reported that ceils containing a virus could be superinfected by unrelated viruses. Levaditi and Schoen described the superinfection of the epithelial cells of the virus papilloma (Shope) with vaccine virus, but they were unsuccessful when herpes virus was employed a ...
... theirs (7), no evidence had been reported that ceils containing a virus could be superinfected by unrelated viruses. Levaditi and Schoen described the superinfection of the epithelial cells of the virus papilloma (Shope) with vaccine virus, but they were unsuccessful when herpes virus was employed a ...
Xenotransplantation — A special case of One Health
... ability to treat the disease with insulin (derived for decades from pigs) the highest economic burden results from serious and potentially lifethreatening complications [3]. Xenotransplantation using porcine islet cells would allow physiological regulation of the insulin production and is considered ...
... ability to treat the disease with insulin (derived for decades from pigs) the highest economic burden results from serious and potentially lifethreatening complications [3]. Xenotransplantation using porcine islet cells would allow physiological regulation of the insulin production and is considered ...
Lesson 1 - Archaea, Bacteria, and Viruses - Hitchcock
... • A virus is a microscopic particle that cannot replicate on its own. It either gets inside a cell or injects a cell with its DNA, often destroying the cell. • Many viruses cause diseases, such as the common cold, flu, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome ...
... • A virus is a microscopic particle that cannot replicate on its own. It either gets inside a cell or injects a cell with its DNA, often destroying the cell. • Many viruses cause diseases, such as the common cold, flu, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome ...
Lesson 1 - Archaea, Bacteria, and Viruses - Hitchcock
... • A virus is a microscopic particle that cannot replicate on its own. It either gets inside a cell or injects a cell with its DNA, often destroying the cell. • Many viruses cause diseases, such as the common cold, flu, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome ...
... • A virus is a microscopic particle that cannot replicate on its own. It either gets inside a cell or injects a cell with its DNA, often destroying the cell. • Many viruses cause diseases, such as the common cold, flu, and acquired immune deficiency syndrome ...
Slide 1
... Incubation period, Latent Period and the Serial Interval Incubation Period – average length of time between infection and the onset symptoms in each case Latent Period – average length of time between infection and the onset of transmissibility Serial Interval – average length of time between a case ...
... Incubation period, Latent Period and the Serial Interval Incubation Period – average length of time between infection and the onset symptoms in each case Latent Period – average length of time between infection and the onset of transmissibility Serial Interval – average length of time between a case ...
Infection in Cats - Pet Health Council
... Farm and feral cats, as well as pedigree show cats, are highest on the list of the infected – highlighting the strong association of infection with access to an outdoor environment and the congregation of cats under one roof. FIV is known to be present in the blood, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid of ...
... Farm and feral cats, as well as pedigree show cats, are highest on the list of the infected – highlighting the strong association of infection with access to an outdoor environment and the congregation of cats under one roof. FIV is known to be present in the blood, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid of ...
FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (FIV)
... bite wound during a catfight. The virus is rarely spread through casual cat-tocat contact, but cannot be ruled out. However, female cats infected with FIV during their pregnancy can pass the virus to their unborn kittens. There is no evidence so far for sexual transmission. Male cats are twice as li ...
... bite wound during a catfight. The virus is rarely spread through casual cat-tocat contact, but cannot be ruled out. However, female cats infected with FIV during their pregnancy can pass the virus to their unborn kittens. There is no evidence so far for sexual transmission. Male cats are twice as li ...
A High-Resolution Human Contact Network for Infectious Disease
... frequency of close proximity interactions (CPI) which most infectious disease transmission depends upon (3, 4). Infections that are transmitted predominantly via the droplet route, such as influenza, common colds, whooping cough, SARS-CoV and many others are among the most frequent infectious diseas ...
... frequency of close proximity interactions (CPI) which most infectious disease transmission depends upon (3, 4). Infections that are transmitted predominantly via the droplet route, such as influenza, common colds, whooping cough, SARS-CoV and many others are among the most frequent infectious diseas ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.