File
... A relatively permanent change in behavior that comes as a result of experience. Not automatic Not due to maturation ...
... A relatively permanent change in behavior that comes as a result of experience. Not automatic Not due to maturation ...
Unit 5, Learning
... Primary reinforcer - any reinforcer that is naturally reinforcing by meeting a basic biological need, such as hunger, thirst, or touch. Secondary reinforcer - any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer, such as praise, tokens, gold stars, or ...
... Primary reinforcer - any reinforcer that is naturally reinforcing by meeting a basic biological need, such as hunger, thirst, or touch. Secondary reinforcer - any reinforcer that becomes reinforcing after being paired with a primary reinforcer, such as praise, tokens, gold stars, or ...
9. BEHAVIORAL APPROACHES 9.1 PAVLOV: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
... Pavlov developed some rather unfriendly technical terms to describe this process. The unconditioned stimulus (or UCS) is the object or event that originally produces the reflexive / natural response. The response to this is called the unconditioned response (or UCR). The neutral stimulus (NS) is a n ...
... Pavlov developed some rather unfriendly technical terms to describe this process. The unconditioned stimulus (or UCS) is the object or event that originally produces the reflexive / natural response. The response to this is called the unconditioned response (or UCR). The neutral stimulus (NS) is a n ...
Ch 9: Punishment cont. Effects of Non
... • Cats developed similar symptoms to PTSD (e.g., sleep difficulties, numbing of emotions, restlessness, avoidance) • PTSD more likely to develop if person attacked in own home (safety signal) rather than while out ...
... • Cats developed similar symptoms to PTSD (e.g., sleep difficulties, numbing of emotions, restlessness, avoidance) • PTSD more likely to develop if person attacked in own home (safety signal) rather than while out ...
Ch. 11 Personality Notes doc
... Stressed social context of personality development (birth order) ...
... Stressed social context of personality development (birth order) ...
Chapter 6 Class Notes / Learning
... Learning Defining Learning Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience. That is, learning can only be confirmed if there is an observable behavior change and will only result from some type of interaction with the environment. There are, however, some ...
... Learning Defining Learning Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior brought about by experience. That is, learning can only be confirmed if there is an observable behavior change and will only result from some type of interaction with the environment. There are, however, some ...
Chapter 7 Class Slides…
... Conditioned reinforcement The Relationship between Behavior and Payoff Different ways to schedule payoff Choice Choice is everywhere Impulsiveness and self-control Behavioral economics: Are reinforcers all alike? Theories of Reinforcement Drive reduction The Premack principle Problems with the Prema ...
... Conditioned reinforcement The Relationship between Behavior and Payoff Different ways to schedule payoff Choice Choice is everywhere Impulsiveness and self-control Behavioral economics: Are reinforcers all alike? Theories of Reinforcement Drive reduction The Premack principle Problems with the Prema ...
Learning and Adaptation- Ch 7 psych1000midterm
... 4. A young child is hungry and wants a cookie but is too short to reach the table where the cookie jar is kept. She tries various things to get the jar, such as jumping or throwing her teddy bear at the jar in hopes of knocking it off the table, but to no avail. Eventually, almost by accident, she r ...
... 4. A young child is hungry and wants a cookie but is too short to reach the table where the cookie jar is kept. She tries various things to get the jar, such as jumping or throwing her teddy bear at the jar in hopes of knocking it off the table, but to no avail. Eventually, almost by accident, she r ...
Bolt ModEP7e LG19.65-68
... and feelings, shape behavior and for urging the use of operant principles to control people’s behavior. Critics argue that he dehumanized people by neglecting their personal freedom and by seeking to control their actions. Skinner countered: People’s behavior is already controlled by external reinfo ...
... and feelings, shape behavior and for urging the use of operant principles to control people’s behavior. Critics argue that he dehumanized people by neglecting their personal freedom and by seeking to control their actions. Skinner countered: People’s behavior is already controlled by external reinfo ...
Teacher as Filmmaker - Michigan State University
... transformation of ideas and practice in professional development. Change in practice is not sufficient; change in ideas and intent is similarly unsatisfying. Furthermore, when one views technology as a tool, there is little assurance that one’s view of teaching or learning has evolved at all, despit ...
... transformation of ideas and practice in professional development. Change in practice is not sufficient; change in ideas and intent is similarly unsatisfying. Furthermore, when one views technology as a tool, there is little assurance that one’s view of teaching or learning has evolved at all, despit ...
LEARNING
... The unconditioned response is the unlearned response that is natural and needs no training. These responses are natural and innate and are not associated with previous learning. • Example: In pavlov’s experiment salivation on the sight of food is unconditioned response. ...
... The unconditioned response is the unlearned response that is natural and needs no training. These responses are natural and innate and are not associated with previous learning. • Example: In pavlov’s experiment salivation on the sight of food is unconditioned response. ...
WHY BEHAVIORISM, TO SURVIVE AND TRIUMPH
... In any event, mind, brain, and behavior are completely interdependent-and we cannot understand the resulting integrated processes unless we are willing to take all three perspectives concurrently to the study of animate actions. If behaviorists continue to just study emotional behaviors, with no con ...
... In any event, mind, brain, and behavior are completely interdependent-and we cannot understand the resulting integrated processes unless we are willing to take all three perspectives concurrently to the study of animate actions. If behaviorists continue to just study emotional behaviors, with no con ...
stimulus - K-Dub
... Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man: But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin: and sin, when it is finished, bringeth ...
... Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man: But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin: and sin, when it is finished, bringeth ...
Exam 2 (pdf - 78.48kb)
... learn to walk on their own. She divided the 8-month-old babies from a childcare centre randomly into Group A (twenty-five babies) and Group B (twenty-five babies). For two hours each day, Group A babies were exercised by moving their legs in a walking motion and were put in a play area with other ch ...
... learn to walk on their own. She divided the 8-month-old babies from a childcare centre randomly into Group A (twenty-five babies) and Group B (twenty-five babies). For two hours each day, Group A babies were exercised by moving their legs in a walking motion and were put in a play area with other ch ...
Chapter Seven Part One - K-Dub
... Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man: But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin: and sin, when it is finished, bringeth ...
... Let no man say when he is tempted, I am tempted of God: for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth he any man: But every man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. Then when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin: and sin, when it is finished, bringeth ...
The Nurse as Learner and Teacher
... Theories of Learning • Cognitivism – Learning is a complex cognitive activity – Learning as the development of understandings and appreciations that help the individual function in a larger context – Learning is largely a mental, intellectual, or thinking process – Learner’s perceptions are influen ...
... Theories of Learning • Cognitivism – Learning is a complex cognitive activity – Learning as the development of understandings and appreciations that help the individual function in a larger context – Learning is largely a mental, intellectual, or thinking process – Learner’s perceptions are influen ...
Learning
... with a very minor version of the phobia and work them up to handling the phobia comfortably. Example: Fear of snakes: 1. Have them watch a short movie about snakes 2. Have them hold a stuffed animal snake 3. Have them hold a plastic snake 4. Have them hold a glass container with a snake in ...
... with a very minor version of the phobia and work them up to handling the phobia comfortably. Example: Fear of snakes: 1. Have them watch a short movie about snakes 2. Have them hold a stuffed animal snake 3. Have them hold a plastic snake 4. Have them hold a glass container with a snake in ...
Operant Conditioning
... ▪ Phenomenon in which exposure to inescapable and uncontrollable aversive events produces passive behavior Other examples of learned helplessness ▪ Political process: People are becoming discouraged with the political process and not turning out to vote because nothing gets done. ▪ Weight loss pro ...
... ▪ Phenomenon in which exposure to inescapable and uncontrollable aversive events produces passive behavior Other examples of learned helplessness ▪ Political process: People are becoming discouraged with the political process and not turning out to vote because nothing gets done. ▪ Weight loss pro ...
Differential Roles of the Frontal Cortex, Basal Ganglia, and
... Memory can be divided into two categories: memory of events or facts, and memory for skills and rules. These are often called declarative memory and procedural memory (Squire, 1986; Tulving, 1985), or they are often characterized as ‘‘what’’ memory and ‘‘how’’ memory. An accumulation of declarative ...
... Memory can be divided into two categories: memory of events or facts, and memory for skills and rules. These are often called declarative memory and procedural memory (Squire, 1986; Tulving, 1985), or they are often characterized as ‘‘what’’ memory and ‘‘how’’ memory. An accumulation of declarative ...
Learning and Behaviorism - Doral Academy Preparatory
... The experimental group watched a video of an adult playing violently with the doll The control group watched a boring video. The experimental group children imitated the violent behavior. ...
... The experimental group watched a video of an adult playing violently with the doll The control group watched a boring video. The experimental group children imitated the violent behavior. ...
Second-order conditioning
... satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected with the situation, so that, when it recurs, they will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort to the animal will, other things being equal, have their connections to th ...
... satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected with the situation, so that, when it recurs, they will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort to the animal will, other things being equal, have their connections to th ...
Psychologist BF Skinner helped pioneer research into
... a form of learning known as operant conditioning, in which individuals learn from the consequences of their actions. Operant conditioning depends on the use of reinforcements and a schedule to execute them. The principles of operant conditioning can be applied to help people or animals learn to comb ...
... a form of learning known as operant conditioning, in which individuals learn from the consequences of their actions. Operant conditioning depends on the use of reinforcements and a schedule to execute them. The principles of operant conditioning can be applied to help people or animals learn to comb ...
consumer learning
... Long term (compare to hard disk ---> longer in duration but imperfect--”I remember it well…”) ...
... Long term (compare to hard disk ---> longer in duration but imperfect--”I remember it well…”) ...
Chapter 5 OC (operant conditioning) quiz practice
... A) Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement serve to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas punishment serves to decrease its occurrence. B) Positive reinforcement serves to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas negative reinforcement and punishment serve to decre ...
... A) Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement serve to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas punishment serves to decrease its occurrence. B) Positive reinforcement serves to increase the occurrence of a given behavior whereas negative reinforcement and punishment serve to decre ...
Dopamine and Reward - Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit
... P(food | light) > P(food | no light) ...
... P(food | light) > P(food | no light) ...
Learning theory (education)
Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning. Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed and knowledge and skills retained.Behaviorists look at learning as an aspect of conditioning and will advocate a system of rewards and targets in education. Educators who embrace cognitive theory believe that the definition of learning as a change in behavior is too narrow and prefer to study the learner rather than their environment and in particular the complexities of human memory. Those who advocate constructivism believe that a learner's ability to learn relies to a large extent on what he already knows and understands, and the acquisition of knowledge should be an individually tailored process of construction. Transformative learning theory focuses upon the often-necessary change that is required in a learner's preconceptions and world view.Outside the realm of educational psychology, techniques to directly observe the functioning of the brain during the learning process, such as event-related potential and functional magnetic resonance imaging, are used in educational neuroscience. As of 2012, such studies are beginning to support a theory of multiple intelligences, where learning is seen as the interaction between dozens of different functional areas in the brain each with their own individual strengths and weaknesses in any particular human learner.