CHAPTER 3
... training manuals, lectures, role playing • Many believe this form is most successful when external rewards are provided ...
... training manuals, lectures, role playing • Many believe this form is most successful when external rewards are provided ...
Copy Notes
... conditioning, an originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus (US), comes to trigger a conditioned response acquisition: in classical conditioning, the initial stage when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus ...
... conditioning, an originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus (US), comes to trigger a conditioned response acquisition: in classical conditioning, the initial stage when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus ...
learning, Memory, and Cognition: Animal Perspectives
... programmed forms of learning described in great detail by ethologists like Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989) for birds, but fast and stable learning early on in ontogeny is a phenomenon in all animal species. Slave-making ants have colonies in which two species of social insects coexist, one of which parasi ...
... programmed forms of learning described in great detail by ethologists like Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989) for birds, but fast and stable learning early on in ontogeny is a phenomenon in all animal species. Slave-making ants have colonies in which two species of social insects coexist, one of which parasi ...
Classical Conditioning PowerPoint
... But he disagreed on what made the CS a useful predictor. It was more complicated than the number of CS-US pairings. ...
... But he disagreed on what made the CS a useful predictor. It was more complicated than the number of CS-US pairings. ...
5-2-classical_conditioning
... But he disagreed on what made the CS a useful predictor. It was more complicated than the number of CS-US pairings. ...
... But he disagreed on what made the CS a useful predictor. It was more complicated than the number of CS-US pairings. ...
Lecture 1: Mirroring and Social Cognition
... First-‐person experience Infants experience the regular rela.onship between their own acts and underlying mental states. ...
... First-‐person experience Infants experience the regular rela.onship between their own acts and underlying mental states. ...
Neural basis of sensorimotor learning: modifying
... Owing to technical and conceptual limitations, most animal experiments were based on studying neuronal representations in the steady behavioral state. Animals were first overtrained to generate an S ! R association and only then surgery was performed and neural activity recorded. In 1991, Wise and c ...
... Owing to technical and conceptual limitations, most animal experiments were based on studying neuronal representations in the steady behavioral state. Animals were first overtrained to generate an S ! R association and only then surgery was performed and neural activity recorded. In 1991, Wise and c ...
EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY (7th Edition in
... Causes unwanted behaviors to reappear in its absence. 5. Causes aggression towards the agent. 6. Causes one unwanted behavior to appear in place of another. ...
... Causes unwanted behaviors to reappear in its absence. 5. Causes aggression towards the agent. 6. Causes one unwanted behavior to appear in place of another. ...
Behaviourism
... nothing for granted, but to most of us, questioning whether we think, whether we have beliefs, values and emotions is just plain daft. Dennett's A-B-C model Nevertheless, it is important, in reacting against behaviourism, not to throw away everything was achieved. Dennett, for example, is duly resp ...
... nothing for granted, but to most of us, questioning whether we think, whether we have beliefs, values and emotions is just plain daft. Dennett's A-B-C model Nevertheless, it is important, in reacting against behaviourism, not to throw away everything was achieved. Dennett, for example, is duly resp ...
File - Ms. Bryant
... 54. (a) Several days after drinking an excessive amount of alcohol, Karen becomes nauseated simply by the smell of liquor. The sight of the half-empty liquor bottle from which she drank does not, however, upset her. What does Karen's pattern of response indicate about the limits of associative learn ...
... 54. (a) Several days after drinking an excessive amount of alcohol, Karen becomes nauseated simply by the smell of liquor. The sight of the half-empty liquor bottle from which she drank does not, however, upset her. What does Karen's pattern of response indicate about the limits of associative learn ...
Analysis of Behavior in the Planarian Model
... of attention to training variables and conditioning phenomena would have serious consequences when planarians were subsequently used as a conditioning model. In addition to the comparative aspect, there was interest in the use of planarians for what they can tell us about the biochemistry of learnin ...
... of attention to training variables and conditioning phenomena would have serious consequences when planarians were subsequently used as a conditioning model. In addition to the comparative aspect, there was interest in the use of planarians for what they can tell us about the biochemistry of learnin ...
Santrock Psychology Updated 7e Preface
... the most dependable facts and generate the best theories possible (Kimble, 1989). In the pure world of science, there is no place for values. Some critics, though, question whether a view of science as value-free is realistic (Seligman, Olson, & Zanna, 1996). They argue that—although psychologists o ...
... the most dependable facts and generate the best theories possible (Kimble, 1989). In the pure world of science, there is no place for values. Some critics, though, question whether a view of science as value-free is realistic (Seligman, Olson, & Zanna, 1996). They argue that—although psychologists o ...
Chapter 6 Quiz
... 8. If a previous experience has given your pet the expectancy that nothing it does will prevent an aversive stimulus from occurring, it will likely a) be motivated to seek comfort from you b) experience learned helplessness c) model the behavior of other pets in hopes of avoiding it d) seek out cha ...
... 8. If a previous experience has given your pet the expectancy that nothing it does will prevent an aversive stimulus from occurring, it will likely a) be motivated to seek comfort from you b) experience learned helplessness c) model the behavior of other pets in hopes of avoiding it d) seek out cha ...
Redalyc.Effects of aversive classical conditioning on habituation of
... by morphine is likely to by followed by a period of hyperactivity and they demostrated in companion experiments that the conditioned response mimicked the secondary response to morphine (hyperactivity). However, in other cases, depending on the nature of the UR, the two behavioral components of the ...
... by morphine is likely to by followed by a period of hyperactivity and they demostrated in companion experiments that the conditioned response mimicked the secondary response to morphine (hyperactivity). However, in other cases, depending on the nature of the UR, the two behavioral components of the ...
File
... Law of mass action: the efficiency of learning is a function of the total mass of cortical tissue Equipotentiality: the idea that one part of the cerebral cortex is essentially equal to another in its contribution to learning OR if parts of your brain don’t work, other parts will make up for it EX. ...
... Law of mass action: the efficiency of learning is a function of the total mass of cortical tissue Equipotentiality: the idea that one part of the cerebral cortex is essentially equal to another in its contribution to learning OR if parts of your brain don’t work, other parts will make up for it EX. ...
Operant Conditioning (cont.)
... Behavior Modification (cont.) – habit reversal - making a response that is incompatible with an undesirable behavior. – token economy - procedure in which patients earn tokens for performing behaviors that are necessary if the patients are to live effectively. The tokens are conditioned reinforcers ...
... Behavior Modification (cont.) – habit reversal - making a response that is incompatible with an undesirable behavior. – token economy - procedure in which patients earn tokens for performing behaviors that are necessary if the patients are to live effectively. The tokens are conditioned reinforcers ...
Understanding Math Objects
... Routines of Math Discourse Sfard then moves from ontology to pedagogy—from theory of math objects to theory of discourses about such objects, including how children come to participate in these discourses and individualize the social language into their personal math thinking. Based on her intensive ...
... Routines of Math Discourse Sfard then moves from ontology to pedagogy—from theory of math objects to theory of discourses about such objects, including how children come to participate in these discourses and individualize the social language into their personal math thinking. Based on her intensive ...
Lecture 4
... All six apes vainly endeavored to reach the fruit by leaping up from the ground. Sultan soon relinquished this attempt, paced restlessly up and down, suddenly stood still in front of the box, seized it, tipped it hastily straight towards the objective, but began to climb upon it at a (horizontal) di ...
... All six apes vainly endeavored to reach the fruit by leaping up from the ground. Sultan soon relinquished this attempt, paced restlessly up and down, suddenly stood still in front of the box, seized it, tipped it hastily straight towards the objective, but began to climb upon it at a (horizontal) di ...
Introduction to Learning Theory and Behavioral Psychology
... interpret the incoming stimuli, and therefore the way we interact, or behave. ...
... interpret the incoming stimuli, and therefore the way we interact, or behave. ...
Chapter 8 Conditioning and Learning
... In operant conditioning, a response that is followed by a reinforcing consequence becomes more likely to occur on future occasions. In the example shown, a dog learns to sit up when it hears a whistle ...
... In operant conditioning, a response that is followed by a reinforcing consequence becomes more likely to occur on future occasions. In the example shown, a dog learns to sit up when it hears a whistle ...
Causal Reasoning Versus Associative Learning: A Useful
... nonhuman beings must be best described as complex “automata.” According to him and others, language was supposed to be a necessary condition for mind (Descartes, 2006; Locke, 2007)—an assumption that by definition excludes all nonhuman beings from the rational circle. Countless anecdotes about seemi ...
... nonhuman beings must be best described as complex “automata.” According to him and others, language was supposed to be a necessary condition for mind (Descartes, 2006; Locke, 2007)—an assumption that by definition excludes all nonhuman beings from the rational circle. Countless anecdotes about seemi ...
Differential Psychology
... • Operant conditioning relies on the “law of effect” – If a behaviour results in a more satisfying state of affairs your are more likely to do it again – If a behaviour results in a less satisfying state of affairs your are less likely to do it again. ...
... • Operant conditioning relies on the “law of effect” – If a behaviour results in a more satisfying state of affairs your are more likely to do it again – If a behaviour results in a less satisfying state of affairs your are less likely to do it again. ...
Learning theory (education)
Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning. Cognitive, emotional, and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed and knowledge and skills retained.Behaviorists look at learning as an aspect of conditioning and will advocate a system of rewards and targets in education. Educators who embrace cognitive theory believe that the definition of learning as a change in behavior is too narrow and prefer to study the learner rather than their environment and in particular the complexities of human memory. Those who advocate constructivism believe that a learner's ability to learn relies to a large extent on what he already knows and understands, and the acquisition of knowledge should be an individually tailored process of construction. Transformative learning theory focuses upon the often-necessary change that is required in a learner's preconceptions and world view.Outside the realm of educational psychology, techniques to directly observe the functioning of the brain during the learning process, such as event-related potential and functional magnetic resonance imaging, are used in educational neuroscience. As of 2012, such studies are beginning to support a theory of multiple intelligences, where learning is seen as the interaction between dozens of different functional areas in the brain each with their own individual strengths and weaknesses in any particular human learner.