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Brittney Carroll
Brittney Carroll

... stimulus, and his unconditioned response was a dog salivating. In his experiment he presented a ton (neutral stimulus) before presenting the dog food as an unconditioned stimulus. The unconditioned stimulus triggered the unconditioned response of the dog salivating. Operant conditioning is a type of ...
Learning PP 1
Learning PP 1

... capacity to evoke a conditioned response. • (CR) Conditioned Response - a learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus that occurs because of prior conditioning. ...
conditioning - WordPress.com
conditioning - WordPress.com

... learned. This is followed by an unconditioned response (UR). (ex: meat causes salivation). A conditioned response (CR) is a learned response to a stimulus that was previously neutral or meaningless (ex: the bell in Pavlov’s experiments) Through repeated association with meat, the bell became a learn ...
Name - Northern Highlands
Name - Northern Highlands

... 2. Explain the difference between a reinforcement and a punishment and give an example of each. 3. Is it better to use reinforcement or punishment? Why? 4. Explain why Baby Albert feared white fluffy things. 5. Name and describe TWO practical uses of classical conditioning in the real world. 6. What ...
Learning theory and integration models
Learning theory and integration models

... Technology into Teaching Learning Theories and Integration Models ...
observational learning etc.
observational learning etc.

... SOCIAL LEARNING/OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING In social learning theory Albert Bandura (1977) states behavior is learned from the environment through the process of observational learning. Children observe the people around them behaving in various ways. This is illustrated during the famous bobo doll expe ...
learning - Ms. Thresher
learning - Ms. Thresher

...  R__________-- the individual remembers what was noticed.  R__________ -- the individual produces an action that is a copy of what was noticed.  M__________ -- the environment delivers a consequence that changes the probability the behavior will be emitted again ...
Learning
Learning

... • Animals live by instinct/genetic code (think salmon) • Humans have instinct, but also think/change with environment • 3½ learning types… • Classical conditioning • Operant conditioning • Observational learning • Language (?) • Learning = relatively permanent behavior change due to experience • We ...
THE THREE LEARNING SCIENCES (BIOLOGICAL, ARTIFICIAL
THE THREE LEARNING SCIENCES (BIOLOGICAL, ARTIFICIAL

... Learning is existential, and so its study must be complex and interdisciplinary. Over the past centuries, researchers from different fields have developed many theories to explain how humans and animals learn and behave, i.e., how they acquire, organize, and deploy knowledge and skills. Basically, l ...
Learning
Learning

... c. and motivation 5. Create and explain graphs that exhibit the results of learning experiments. 6. Provide examples of how biological constraints create learning predispositions. 7. Describe the essential characteristics of a. insight learning, b. latent learning, c. and social learning. 8. Apply l ...
Cognitive Learning Theories
Cognitive Learning Theories

... • Stimuli – perceivable units of the environment or events that may affect behavior • Responses – observable reactions to stimuli • Contiguity – whenever two sensations occur together over and over again, they become associated • School bell (stimulus) • Scurrying student – zipping backpacks, slammi ...
Human_Learning
Human_Learning

... 11. According to Skinner, what’s the best way to extinct a response? - The best way is with the absence of reinforcement towards negative responses, as well as reinforcing positively the alternative responses. 12. What was Skinner’s model contribution to language teaching? - He says that virtually a ...
Applying Learning
Applying Learning

... stimulus (e.g. a spider), that are ranked from least fearful to most fearful. The patient works their way up starting at the least unpleasant and practicing their relaxation technique as they go. When they feel comfortable with this (they are no longer afraid) they move on to the next stage in the h ...
Self-assessment Quiz related Behavioural theory
Self-assessment Quiz related Behavioural theory

... 7. Operant conditioning is based on the following type of reinforcement. A. Positive B. Negative C. Continuous D. All of the above 8. All of the following are true about learning through modeling except: A. Skills are learned by observing another person perform the skill. B. Skills are learned in th ...
Learning? What`s that?
Learning? What`s that?

... A Discriminative Stimulus works as a cue to direct us toward certain behavior (cops!) Behavior Modification allows us to target certain behaviors (to increase or decrease) Shaping allows us to gradually teach someone a very complex behavior (chain?) Token economies allow us to skimp on ...
Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning
Changing Directions in the Study of Conditioning

... Occurs even after many hours since exposure to the CS (food that makes you sick) ...
Learning? What`s that?
Learning? What`s that?

... A Discriminative Stimulus works as a cue to direct us toward certain behavior (cops!) Behavior Modification allows us to target certain behaviors (to increase or decrease) Shaping allows us to gradually teach someone a very complex behavior (chain?) Token economies allow us to skimp on ...
Review Answers- Learning ch7
Review Answers- Learning ch7

... a. Be motivated to seek comfort from you b. Experience learned helplessness * c. Model the behavior of pother pets in hopes of avoiding it d. Seek out challenges like this in the future to disprove the expectation e. Engage in random behaviors until one is successful in removing the stimulus 9. Whil ...
Chapter and Topic of this Review Guide: Chapter 7
Chapter and Topic of this Review Guide: Chapter 7

... with toys and chose to hit a large doll “Bobo Doll” Pavlov Dog salivates when it hears a bell because the bell is associated with food to become a conditioned stimuli Skinner Rat in box hit a bar for food, and learn that food comes out of the bar after being rewarded for certain actions to help the ...
AP Psychology Chapter 5—Learning Ms. Chauvin Learning— 3
AP Psychology Chapter 5—Learning Ms. Chauvin Learning— 3

...  3 Types of Learning— 2. Learning is associative— 3. Conditioning—the process of learning ________________. Two types: a. John Watson—founder of ____________________. Focus only on observable behaviors and their 4. Classical Conditioning—pioneered by _______________________. Associating a. Pavlov’s ...
Learning and Conditioning
Learning and Conditioning

... • … is a learning process in which a previously neutral stimulus becomes associated with another stimulus through repeated pairing with that stimulus. ...
OperateConditioning
OperateConditioning

... Learning Perspectives • Pavlov’s classical conditioning ...
Chapter 6 Study Guide
Chapter 6 Study Guide

...  Secondary reinforcement always involves some type of primary reinforcement.  Learning from the consequences of one’s actions is operant conditioning.  The gradual loss of an association over time is referred to as discrimination. Short Answer:  How is the method of flooding used to reduce peopl ...
1. Learning Introduction
1. Learning Introduction

... of food was the naturally occurring stimulus that was paired with the previously neutral ringing of the bell. Once an association had been made between the two, the sound of the bell alone could lead to a response. ...
Chapter 03
Chapter 03

... stored in memory and later retrieved information search the identification of alternative ways of problem solving lifestyle the pattern of living as expressed in a person’s activities, interests and opinions motivation the process involving needs that set drives in motion to accomplish goals ...
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Learning

Learning is the act of acquiring new, or modifying and reinforcing, existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences and may involve synthesizing different types of information. The ability to learn is possessed by humans, animals, plants and some machines. Progress over time tends to follow learning curve. It does not happen all at once, but builds upon and is shaped by previous knowledge. To that end, learning may be viewed as a process, rather than a collection of factual and procedural knowledge. Learning produces changes in the organism and the changes produced are relatively permanent.Human learning may occur as part of education, personal development, schooling, or training. It may be goal-oriented and may be aided by motivation. The study of how learning occurs is part of educational psychology, neuropsychology, learning theory, and pedagogy.Learning may occur as a result of habituation or classical conditioning, seen in many animal species, or as a result of more complex activities such as play, seen only in relatively intelligent animals. Learning may occur consciously or without conscious awareness. Learning that an aversive event can't be avoided nor escaped is called learned helplessness. There is evidence for human behavioral learning prenatally, in which habituation has been observed as early as 32 weeks into gestation, indicating that the central nervous system is sufficiently developed and primed for learning and memory to occur very early on in development.Play has been approached by several theorists as the first form of learning. Children experiment with the world, learn the rules, and learn to interact through play. Lev Vygotsky agrees that play is pivotal for children's development, since they make meaning of their environment through playing educational games.
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