 
									
								
									Bryophytes
									
... - very heterogeneous group of paraphyletic origin - their ancestor were among the first land plant ...
                        	... - very heterogeneous group of paraphyletic origin - their ancestor were among the first land plant ...
									PDF
									
... Phylogenetic Information: The family Vitaceae of the Vitales order is a core eudicot in the Rosid Angiosperms. They are the only family in the order. Vitaceae is placed as a sister to all the other rosids. Vitaceae may be most closely related to members of the ...
                        	... Phylogenetic Information: The family Vitaceae of the Vitales order is a core eudicot in the Rosid Angiosperms. They are the only family in the order. Vitaceae is placed as a sister to all the other rosids. Vitaceae may be most closely related to members of the ...
									4.10A Adaptations- Study Guide, Lab Questions, Key
									
... Animals, like plants, also have special adaptations to help them survive in their environment. For example, the color of an animal may blend with plants found in its environment. This protective coloring makes it hard for its enemies to find it. A colorful, tropical fish may hide among colorful ...
                        	... Animals, like plants, also have special adaptations to help them survive in their environment. For example, the color of an animal may blend with plants found in its environment. This protective coloring makes it hard for its enemies to find it. A colorful, tropical fish may hide among colorful ...
									20254 Demonstrate knowledge of plants and their role in beekeeping
									
... Factors related to weather and seasons are described in terms of the way in which they influence flowering patterns and honey flows. Range ...
                        	... Factors related to weather and seasons are described in terms of the way in which they influence flowering patterns and honey flows. Range ...
									aka Policeman`s Helmet, Poor Man`s Orchid, Touch-Me
									
... Reproducing aggressively by seed, each plant is capable of producing up to 800 seeds that can be viable for up to two years and have been known to germinate under water. When disturbed or touched, mature seed pods explode and are able to catapult their seeds up to 7 meters away. ...
                        	... Reproducing aggressively by seed, each plant is capable of producing up to 800 seeds that can be viable for up to two years and have been known to germinate under water. When disturbed or touched, mature seed pods explode and are able to catapult their seeds up to 7 meters away. ...
									Myrsine africana - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
									
... The shrub can achieve heights of over 2 meters and may be dense if pruned or grown in strong sunlight. The finefoothed leaves are at first deep red, but on maturity become glossy and dark green. The creamcoloured flowers appear in spring, with the male flowers boasting red anthers. Separate shru ...
                        	... The shrub can achieve heights of over 2 meters and may be dense if pruned or grown in strong sunlight. The finefoothed leaves are at first deep red, but on maturity become glossy and dark green. The creamcoloured flowers appear in spring, with the male flowers boasting red anthers. Separate shru ...
									Strawberry Plant Structure and Growth Habit
									
... The strawberry leaf captures light, the source of energy used by plants for food manufacture in photosynthesis. This process requires water and carbon dioxide and involves the movement (translocation) of metabolic products (sugars) from sites of manufacture (in the leaves) to sites of utilization or ...
                        	... The strawberry leaf captures light, the source of energy used by plants for food manufacture in photosynthesis. This process requires water and carbon dioxide and involves the movement (translocation) of metabolic products (sugars) from sites of manufacture (in the leaves) to sites of utilization or ...
									Dendrobium nobile orchid growing
									
... growing season, about every 2 to 3 weeks until April-May when fertilizing should stop (7,8). Some growers recommend stopping all fertilizer in late February (11) or early March (6) to reduce keiki development. A fortnightly high potassium fertilizer application is recommended between November and ...
                        	... growing season, about every 2 to 3 weeks until April-May when fertilizing should stop (7,8). Some growers recommend stopping all fertilizer in late February (11) or early March (6) to reduce keiki development. A fortnightly high potassium fertilizer application is recommended between November and ...
									Course - Missouri Center for Career Education
									
... Refer back to the Activity Sheet on Identifying Grassland Plants from the previous lesson on Plant Classification. Introduction to Grassland Management (Student Reference). University of MissouriColumbia: Instructional Materials Laboratory, 1997. Introduction to Grassland Management Curriculum Enhan ...
                        	... Refer back to the Activity Sheet on Identifying Grassland Plants from the previous lesson on Plant Classification. Introduction to Grassland Management (Student Reference). University of MissouriColumbia: Instructional Materials Laboratory, 1997. Introduction to Grassland Management Curriculum Enhan ...
									6-2.4 - S2TEM Centers SC
									
... developed over time may be  thorns that can defend the plant from being eaten by some animals  fruits and leaves with poisons so that they are not eaten by animals  the ability to close its leaves when touched (thigmotropism) Structures for Survival Plants have structures that allow them to survi ...
                        	... developed over time may be  thorns that can defend the plant from being eaten by some animals  fruits and leaves with poisons so that they are not eaten by animals  the ability to close its leaves when touched (thigmotropism) Structures for Survival Plants have structures that allow them to survi ...
									Plant Diseases
									
... – Reproduce by forming spores • Spread – Some by water – Some by wind – Mechanical/animal – Infected plants ...
                        	... – Reproduce by forming spores • Spread – Some by water – Some by wind – Mechanical/animal – Infected plants ...
									Occassionally it may be necessary to prune your citrus plant, to
									
... • Your citrus plant will survive happily indoors in centrally heated houses where the humidity of the air is normally low. • Do not spray the leaves of your citrus plant with a mist sprayer, this will only wet the leaves and increase the changes of developing fungal diseases. • Prevent the leaves fr ...
                        	... • Your citrus plant will survive happily indoors in centrally heated houses where the humidity of the air is normally low. • Do not spray the leaves of your citrus plant with a mist sprayer, this will only wet the leaves and increase the changes of developing fungal diseases. • Prevent the leaves fr ...
									Fill your garden with not only the flowers but also th
									
... balm, tall verbena, butterfly bush, and aster. But they keep these nectar-rich species in balance. “If you only plant nectar plants, you’re just building a gas station,” Wayne says. “The butterflies will stop by to fill up, but they’re not going to stay because there is nothing else there for them.” ...
                        	... balm, tall verbena, butterfly bush, and aster. But they keep these nectar-rich species in balance. “If you only plant nectar plants, you’re just building a gas station,” Wayne says. “The butterflies will stop by to fill up, but they’re not going to stay because there is nothing else there for them.” ...
									Best Native Plants for Landscapes
									
... his publication discusses native Hawaiian plants for use in landscapes. A plant is considered native if it arrived in Hawai‘i without the assistance of man. Plants that are native to Hawai‘i may also occur elsewhere—a native plant is considered indigenous if it is found in other places as well. Some ...
                        	... his publication discusses native Hawaiian plants for use in landscapes. A plant is considered native if it arrived in Hawai‘i without the assistance of man. Plants that are native to Hawai‘i may also occur elsewhere—a native plant is considered indigenous if it is found in other places as well. Some ...
									Document
									
... Flowering occurs from May to July. Flowers are in terminal, or sometimes axillary, panicles 8 to 15 inches long with several hundred perfect Flowers. Flowers are ¼ to ½ inches across and pinkish in bud, maturing to white with yellow anthers. Flowers are fragrant. Petals are variable in number rangin ...
                        	... Flowering occurs from May to July. Flowers are in terminal, or sometimes axillary, panicles 8 to 15 inches long with several hundred perfect Flowers. Flowers are ¼ to ½ inches across and pinkish in bud, maturing to white with yellow anthers. Flowers are fragrant. Petals are variable in number rangin ...
									Headline Fungicide Plant Health Technical Information Bulletin
									
... Greater Yield at Harvest Headline not only controls disease, but also impacts the physiology of plants, enabling the plants to better handle yield-robbing environmental stresses such as drought, heat, cold temperatures, and ozone damage. The combination of disease control and these Plant Health bene ...
                        	... Greater Yield at Harvest Headline not only controls disease, but also impacts the physiology of plants, enabling the plants to better handle yield-robbing environmental stresses such as drought, heat, cold temperatures, and ozone damage. The combination of disease control and these Plant Health bene ...
									58KB - NZQA
									
... • The main parts of a plant involved in photosynthesis are the leaf, and the chloroplasts in the plant cells. • The leaf captures the light energy./absorb • Chloroplasts contain the chlorophyll. • Chloroplasts / Chlorophyll are the place where photosynthesis occurs. • The stomata allow carbon dioxid ...
                        	... • The main parts of a plant involved in photosynthesis are the leaf, and the chloroplasts in the plant cells. • The leaf captures the light energy./absorb • Chloroplasts contain the chlorophyll. • Chloroplasts / Chlorophyll are the place where photosynthesis occurs. • The stomata allow carbon dioxid ...
									133KB - NZQA
									
... • The main parts of a plant involved in photosynthesis are the leaf, and the chloroplasts in the plant cells. • The leaf captures the light energy./absorb • Chloroplasts contain the chlorophyll. • Chloroplasts / Chlorophyll are the place where photosynthesis occurs. • The stomata allow carbon dioxid ...
                        	... • The main parts of a plant involved in photosynthesis are the leaf, and the chloroplasts in the plant cells. • The leaf captures the light energy./absorb • Chloroplasts contain the chlorophyll. • Chloroplasts / Chlorophyll are the place where photosynthesis occurs. • The stomata allow carbon dioxid ...
									Instructor`s Manual to accompany Principles of Life
									
... • Several hormones and photoreceptors help regulate plant growth • Genetic screens have increased our understanding of plant signal transduction Plants must be able to sense and respond to environmental cues. Plant development begins with a dormant seed. Dormancy has several advantages, including ma ...
                        	... • Several hormones and photoreceptors help regulate plant growth • Genetic screens have increased our understanding of plant signal transduction Plants must be able to sense and respond to environmental cues. Plant development begins with a dormant seed. Dormancy has several advantages, including ma ...
									Mader/Biology, 11/e – Chapter Outline
									
... 3) They have channels in their end walls (thus, the name “sieve-tube”), through which plasmodesmata extend from one cell to another. b. Companion Cells 1) Companion cells are closely connected to sieve-tube cells by numerous plasmodesmata. 2) They are smaller and more generalized than sieve-tube cel ...
                        	... 3) They have channels in their end walls (thus, the name “sieve-tube”), through which plasmodesmata extend from one cell to another. b. Companion Cells 1) Companion cells are closely connected to sieve-tube cells by numerous plasmodesmata. 2) They are smaller and more generalized than sieve-tube cel ...
									Santa Barbara Foothills - North American Butterfly Association
									
... and you will observe the more common, wide-ranging, and multi-plant-feeding species of butterflies, such as Cabbage White, Painted Lady, and Fiery Skipper. If you hike through a natural area, you may encounter native blues, fritillaries, checkerspots, and the migratory Monarch. Seeking out the culti ...
                        	... and you will observe the more common, wide-ranging, and multi-plant-feeding species of butterflies, such as Cabbage White, Painted Lady, and Fiery Skipper. If you hike through a natural area, you may encounter native blues, fritillaries, checkerspots, and the migratory Monarch. Seeking out the culti ...
									Tissue systems
									
... polymer of glucose) • Cell walls of cellulose = fibrous (not branched) polysaccharide = accounts for the relative rigidity of the cell wall • Cell division by formation of cell plate • Most extant plant species are terrestrial (many characteristics that are adapted for terrestrial life) • Separated ...
                        	... polymer of glucose) • Cell walls of cellulose = fibrous (not branched) polysaccharide = accounts for the relative rigidity of the cell wall • Cell division by formation of cell plate • Most extant plant species are terrestrial (many characteristics that are adapted for terrestrial life) • Separated ...
									Native Poinsettias - Tarrant County Master Gardeners
									
... By Marilyn Sallee, Master Gardener & Native Plant Specialist Christmas Poinsettia is indigenous to Mexico, originating in a rather limited region near present day Taxco; but close cousins north of the border have their own special beauty and vibrancy. In particular, Texas has four native poinsettias ...
                        	... By Marilyn Sallee, Master Gardener & Native Plant Specialist Christmas Poinsettia is indigenous to Mexico, originating in a rather limited region near present day Taxco; but close cousins north of the border have their own special beauty and vibrancy. In particular, Texas has four native poinsettias ...
									Class Notes
									
... Fossils dating from 420 million years ago show that early plants formed symbiotic associations with fungi. ...
                        	... Fossils dating from 420 million years ago show that early plants formed symbiotic associations with fungi. ...
Botany
 
                        Botany, also called plant science(s) or plant biology, is the science of plant life and a branch of biology. A botanist or plant scientist is a scientist who specializes in this field of study. The term ""botany"" comes from the Ancient Greek word βοτάνη (botanē) meaning ""pasture"", ""grass"", or ""fodder""; βοτάνη is in turn derived from βόσκειν (boskein), ""to feed"" or ""to graze"". Traditionally, botany has also included the study of fungi and algae by mycologists and phycologists respectively, with the study of these three groups of organisms remaining within the sphere of interest of the International Botanical Congress. Nowadays, botanists study approximately 400,000 species of living organisms of which some 260,000 species are vascular plants and about 248,000 are flowering plants.Botany originated in prehistory as herbalism with the efforts of early humans to identify – and later cultivate – edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making it one of the oldest branches of science. Medieval physic gardens, often attached to monasteries, contained plants of medical importance. They were forerunners of the first botanical gardens attached to universities, founded from the 1540s onwards. One of the earliest was the Padua botanical garden. These gardens facilitated the academic study of plants. Efforts to catalogue and describe their collections were the beginnings of plant taxonomy, and led in 1753 to the binomial system of Carl Linnaeus that remains in use to this day.In the 19th and 20th centuries, new techniques were developed for the study of plants, including methods of optical microscopy and live cell imaging, electron microscopy, analysis of chromosome number, plant chemistry and the structure and function of enzymes and other proteins. In the last two decades of the 20th century, botanists exploited the techniques of molecular genetic analysis, including genomics and proteomics and DNA sequences to classify plants more accurately.Modern botany is a broad, multidisciplinary subject with inputs from most other areas of science and technology. Research topics include the study of plant structure, growth and differentiation, reproduction, biochemistry and primary metabolism, chemical products, development, diseases, evolutionary relationships, systematics, and plant taxonomy. Dominant themes in 21st century plant science are molecular genetics and epigenetics, which are the mechanisms and control of gene expression during differentiation of plant cells and tissues. Botanical research has diverse applications in providing staple foods and textiles, in modern horticulture, agriculture and forestry, plant propagation, breeding and genetic modification, in the synthesis of chemicals and raw materials for construction and energy production, in environmental management, and the maintenance of biodiversity.
 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									 
									