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Plant Propagation
Plant Propagation

... – Expected percentage of seed to germinate – Generally, 65-80% will germinate – 60-75% will grow into useful seedlings – May affect density of planting ...
Lab 10-Adaptations
Lab 10-Adaptations

... leaves, which are associated with axillary buds. Tuber. A tuber is the swollen tip of a horizontally growing underground rhizome. It contains abundant storage parenchyma (packed with starch or other substances). Potatoes and Jerusalem artichokes are typical tubers. The "eyes" of such tubers are the ...
Chelone whatsnative 2009
Chelone whatsnative 2009

... to relieve nausea and vomiting, intestinal colic and to expel worms. Its tonic effect upon the digestive system has made it of benefit in the treatment of anorexia nervosa. Native Americans also used this plant as a contraceptive. The plant is harvested when in flower and dried for later use, or you ...
Vascular Seed Plants (Spermatophytes): The Angiosperms
Vascular Seed Plants (Spermatophytes): The Angiosperms

... Most land plants (and several aquatic ones) are angiosperms. This group includes such obviously flowering plants as lilies, along with less obvious ones such as grasses. You may have noticed already that reproductive mechanisms can have an enormous impact on where and how various groups of plants li ...
Vegetative plant morphology - UNL, Go URL
Vegetative plant morphology - UNL, Go URL

... on a leaf. The primary function of the epidermis is to protect leaf tissue. Cuticle is the outer layer of the epidermis. It produces a waxy layer called cutin. Cutin protects leaves from dehydration and prevents penetration of some diseases from penetrating. Cuticle thickness is a direct response to ...
Nonflowering_Plants
Nonflowering_Plants

... conditions. The three plant groups discussed in this chapter fulfill these requirements to various degrees. The basis for a comparative study of the groups of non-flowering plants is the evolution of adaptations for terrestrial life. Recall that angiosperms (flowering seed plants) are well-adapted f ...
Night Lights
Night Lights

... Pavement’, a soft lavender or blush-pink semi-double, which opens with white, extremely fragrant blossoms. Be sure to plan seating areas where the sights and smells will be near you. You can place a chair in the middle of the garden or on the edge; just make sure it’s comfortable. Choose plants you ...


... The U.S. EPA estimates that an acre of corn transpires 4000 gallons of water each day. ...
ethnomedicinal uses of herbs from northern part of nara desert
ethnomedicinal uses of herbs from northern part of nara desert

... communication, 63 plant species belonging to 50 genera and 29 families are included. The major plant families which contributed in folk herbs included Fabaceae (7 spp.), Boraginaceae (6 spp.), Amaranthaceae (5 spp.) and Cucurbitaceae (4 spp.). For each species, botanical name, vernacular name, part( ...
Plant Science notes - Aurora City Schools
Plant Science notes - Aurora City Schools

...  Make excellent ground cover that reduces erosion. ...
Culture Notes - Waitakere Orchid Club
Culture Notes - Waitakere Orchid Club

... the more the better, at least once a day. For busy working people watering after work in the cool of the evening is fine in summer, and will even encourage spike initiation. In winter watering is greatly reduced, just when the pots are nearly dry give a good water and then leave probably for about a ...
piante dolcificanti
piante dolcificanti

... A good quality fibre is obtained from the inner bark of the stems. It is long and quite strong, but brittle[269]. It can be used in making twine, cloth, paper etc[95, 112, 169]. The fibre is of poor quality in wet seasons[112]. It is easily harvested in late autumn after the plant has died down by s ...
Medicinal Plants of Arid Zones - Regional Office for the Eastern
Medicinal Plants of Arid Zones - Regional Office for the Eastern

... Phyto-arid Zones Our world though blessed with wonderful geographical features, one third of its surface, 47 billion hectares is classed as arid or semi-arid land (Sheikh, 1985). The major portion of the continent Africa and a great part of the Asian continent are arid (Chopra et al., 1983). The ari ...
Chapter 12 - Southern Matters
Chapter 12 - Southern Matters

... conditions. The three plant groups discussed in this chapter fulfill these requirements to various degrees. The basis for a comparative study of the groups of non-flowering plants is the evolution of adaptations for terrestrial life. Recall that angiosperms (flowering seed plants) are well-adapted f ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLE
O A RIGINAL RTICLE

... in potato plants. Air dried of aerial parts powdered was extracted with 70% ethanol (1:3) weight: volume, then concentrated to consistence syrup in water bath at 42
Growth, Development and Reproduction Booklet
Growth, Development and Reproduction Booklet

... the individual plant to complete its cycle in the spiral of life. As the plant grows, the stem elongates at the internodes, which is the space between the nodes (where the leaves attach). This allows the plant to grow taller and spread out the leaves and flowers so they are in the best position to ...
Client`s Plant Profiles ©Garden Designs by Jacqueline Hameln
Client`s Plant Profiles ©Garden Designs by Jacqueline Hameln

... MAIN: Cut back spent flowers after bloom may rebloom. 20/20/20 flower food. Stellar Pink Dogwood – Cornus ‘Rutgan’ ‘Stellar Pink Z5 15-30’ H/W An excellent, early-flowering, small tree for a variety of locations on residential property, including around homes, near patios or in lawns. Plant as a spe ...
Native and Invasive Plant Lesson Plan
Native and Invasive Plant Lesson Plan

... Introduced plants are those that were brought over either intentionally or accidentally. This includes most of our food crops. Have students list a few introduced plants. You may choose to discuss the reasons people have brought plants from other places (they’re tasty, make good building material, r ...
The Garden: Flavours and aromas of coriander and dill
The Garden: Flavours and aromas of coriander and dill

... aniseed. As with coriander, dill is useful for its foliage and its seeds. Many seed companies differentiate between leaf and seed dill. However, they will all produce aromatic seeds. Leaf production is what most gardeners (and cooks) focus on. Over the past three decades, coriander has risen from be ...
jewelweed
jewelweed

... the fruit “popping” and scatering the seeds. The specific epithet, pallida, is Latin for “pallid or pale”. The specific epithet, capensis, is Latin for “of the Cape of Good Hope”, where this plant was erroneously thought to have originated. The common name, Jewelweed, either originated from its flow ...
Induction of Salt and Osmotic Stress Tolerance by
Induction of Salt and Osmotic Stress Tolerance by

... into Arabidopsis plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciensmediated transformation. Sixteen independent T1 lines were obtained, which showed different level of overexpression of the AtRabG3e gene. Most transgenic lines had significantly greener leaves and a higher amount of chlorophyll (data not shown) wh ...
Pest Factsheet -Bacteria pdf 7 MB
Pest Factsheet -Bacteria pdf 7 MB

... the bacterium from the plant tissue and culture it on artificial media. Identification will then be based on the morphology of the bacterial colony and cells, and their physiological, biochemical and serological characteristics. In addition to these conventional methods, new identification methods a ...
Fuchsia
Fuchsia

... Although fuchsias may flower almost continuously from spring to fall outdoors in the Mountain areas of South Carolina, they are unlikely to bloom indoors for more than three or four months at a time. The flowers appear in pairs from each leaf axil on thin, usually drooping 1- to 2-inch long stalks. ...
Traditional Knowledge and Usage of Medicinal Plants
Traditional Knowledge and Usage of Medicinal Plants

... village. Semi-structured interviews were subsequently carried at appointed dates and times with the informants. Field visit was carried out simultaneously at each appointment during which medicinal plants in and around the village were shown by the informants. Plant specimens were collected using st ...
Expt. How do flowering plants do it without flagella? The journey to
Expt. How do flowering plants do it without flagella? The journey to

... The third whorl consists of the male portion of the flower, the stamens. On top of the stamen, the anther is a four-chambered structure where pollen is produced. The male gametes are contained within pollen grains. The innermost whorl is the female part of the flower that contains one or more pistil ...
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History of botany



The history of botany examines the human effort to understand life on Earth by tracing the historical development of the discipline of botany—that part of natural science dealing with organisms traditionally treated as plants.Rudimentary botanical science began with empirically-based plant lore passed from generation to generation in the oral traditions of paleolithic hunter-gatherers. The first written records of plants were made in the Neolithic Revolution about 10,000 years ago as writing was developed in the settled agricultural communities where plants and animals were first domesticated. The first writings that show human curiosity about plants themselves, rather than the uses that could be made of them, appears in the teachings of Aristotle's student Theophrastus at the Lyceum in ancient Athens in about 350 BC; this is considered the starting point for modern botany. In Europe, this early botanical science was soon overshadowed by a medieval preoccupation with the medicinal properties of plants that lasted more than 1000 years. During this time, the medicinal works of classical antiquity were reproduced in manuscripts and books called herbals. In China and the Arab world, the Greco-Roman work on medicinal plants was preserved and extended.In Europe the Renaissance of the 14th–17th centuries heralded a scientific revival during which botany gradually emerged from natural history as an independent science, distinct from medicine and agriculture. Herbals were replaced by floras: books that described the native plants of local regions. The invention of the microscope stimulated the study of plant anatomy, and the first carefully designed experiments in plant physiology were performed. With the expansion of trade and exploration beyond Europe, the many new plants being discovered were subjected to an increasingly rigorous process of naming, description, and classification.Progressively more sophisticated scientific technology has aided the development of contemporary botanical offshoots in the plant sciences, ranging from the applied fields of economic botany (notably agriculture, horticulture and forestry), to the detailed examination of the structure and function of plants and their interaction with the environment over many scales from the large-scale global significance of vegetation and plant communities (biogeography and ecology) through to the small scale of subjects like cell theory, molecular biology and plant biochemistry.
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