Function of the spinal cord, cerebellum and brain stem
... Neuropsychiatric disorders such as dyslexia, schizophrenia and autism appear to be associated with a deficiency in the cerebellum. Patients with cerebellar lesions (injuries) typically exhibit "intention tremors"—a tremor occurring during movement rather than at rest (as seen in Parkinson's disease) ...
... Neuropsychiatric disorders such as dyslexia, schizophrenia and autism appear to be associated with a deficiency in the cerebellum. Patients with cerebellar lesions (injuries) typically exhibit "intention tremors"—a tremor occurring during movement rather than at rest (as seen in Parkinson's disease) ...
unexpected - Revista Pesquisa Fapesp
... whose adrenal glands had not been removed. The relation between levels of corticoids in the blood and levels of stress is important because this adaptive reaction by the body to new or threatening situations also causes the adrenal glands to release corticoids. Years before, this group of researcher ...
... whose adrenal glands had not been removed. The relation between levels of corticoids in the blood and levels of stress is important because this adaptive reaction by the body to new or threatening situations also causes the adrenal glands to release corticoids. Years before, this group of researcher ...
Sentences comprehension and action: Modulation in function of the
... participants were responding with the microphone rather than with the pedal. The same facilitation effect was obtained with ‘foot sentences’ compared to ‘hand sentences’ when participants were responding with the pedal rather than with the microphone. Even though our study clearly suggests that an i ...
... participants were responding with the microphone rather than with the pedal. The same facilitation effect was obtained with ‘foot sentences’ compared to ‘hand sentences’ when participants were responding with the pedal rather than with the microphone. Even though our study clearly suggests that an i ...
Thalamic Activity that Drives Visual Cortical Plasticity
... Readings for the week focus on sprouting, changing receptive fields and cortical remapping What patterns of neuronal activity follow a lesion? How do these changing patterns of activity play a role in plasticity? Specifically, what are the effects of depriving visual input from one eye on the LGN a ...
... Readings for the week focus on sprouting, changing receptive fields and cortical remapping What patterns of neuronal activity follow a lesion? How do these changing patterns of activity play a role in plasticity? Specifically, what are the effects of depriving visual input from one eye on the LGN a ...
Multiplication and stimulus invariance in a looming
... (Fig. 4B, inset). It can be shown from Eq. (1) that such a linear relation is equivalent to the angular size subtended by the object being a fixed constant d ms prior to the peak, independent of the stimulation parameter l=jvj ([19, Appendix 1]). This angular threshold size can be computed from the s ...
... (Fig. 4B, inset). It can be shown from Eq. (1) that such a linear relation is equivalent to the angular size subtended by the object being a fixed constant d ms prior to the peak, independent of the stimulation parameter l=jvj ([19, Appendix 1]). This angular threshold size can be computed from the s ...
Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System
... Levels of Processing and Motor Control All sensory and motor pathways involve a series of synapses, one after the other. Along the way, the information is distributed to processing centers operating at the subconscious level. Spinal and cranial reflexes provide rapid, involuntary, preprogrammed res ...
... Levels of Processing and Motor Control All sensory and motor pathways involve a series of synapses, one after the other. Along the way, the information is distributed to processing centers operating at the subconscious level. Spinal and cranial reflexes provide rapid, involuntary, preprogrammed res ...
12 Central Nervous a
... The anterior end of the neural tube expands and constricts to form the three primary brain vesicles ...
... The anterior end of the neural tube expands and constricts to form the three primary brain vesicles ...
Chapter 07: The Structure of the Nervous System
... Gross Organization of the Mammalian Nervous System Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Advantages of MRI over CT More detail Does not require X-irradiation Brain slice image in any angle Uses information on how hydrogen atoms respond in the brain to perturbations of a strong magnetic field – signals m ...
... Gross Organization of the Mammalian Nervous System Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Advantages of MRI over CT More detail Does not require X-irradiation Brain slice image in any angle Uses information on how hydrogen atoms respond in the brain to perturbations of a strong magnetic field – signals m ...
Efficient coding and the neural representation of value
... only from an analysis of the choices a decisionmaker makes between that object and other options.1,2 In this regard, economic theories respect the fact that, for example, a given chooser might view 10 apples as less than 10 times as good as one apple if that is what the subject’s choices reveal. In ...
... only from an analysis of the choices a decisionmaker makes between that object and other options.1,2 In this regard, economic theories respect the fact that, for example, a given chooser might view 10 apples as less than 10 times as good as one apple if that is what the subject’s choices reveal. In ...
Biology - Chpt 14- The Nervous System
... central or CNS that is made up of the spinal cord and brain and functions to coordinate all actions of the body peripheral or PNS that is made up of the bodies nerves and functions to connect the CNS to the rest of the body through neurones. PNS is ...
... central or CNS that is made up of the spinal cord and brain and functions to coordinate all actions of the body peripheral or PNS that is made up of the bodies nerves and functions to connect the CNS to the rest of the body through neurones. PNS is ...
PHS 398 (Rev. 9/04), Biographical Sketch Format Page
... of obstructive sleep apnea was proposed in early 1990s. We contributed two new ideas to this neuroprosthetic approach in late 1990s and early 2000. First, we demonstrated that the neural activity of the HG nerve could be used for detection of obstructions in the upper airways, and that the HG nerve ...
... of obstructive sleep apnea was proposed in early 1990s. We contributed two new ideas to this neuroprosthetic approach in late 1990s and early 2000. First, we demonstrated that the neural activity of the HG nerve could be used for detection of obstructions in the upper airways, and that the HG nerve ...
View Article
... to control the arm and tell it what to do, to where the arm is actually listening to what I want it to do,” he says. “The arm is trying to respond to me.” Even so, the system is brittle, easily flummoxed by anything outside the taichi startup sequence. The muscles and nerves in Lehman’s stump overla ...
... to control the arm and tell it what to do, to where the arm is actually listening to what I want it to do,” he says. “The arm is trying to respond to me.” Even so, the system is brittle, easily flummoxed by anything outside the taichi startup sequence. The muscles and nerves in Lehman’s stump overla ...
How the brain uses time to represent and process visual information
... information, we use a family of metrics denoted by D spike [q]. The distance D spike [q] between two spike trains is defined as the minimum total ‘cost’ to transform one spike train into the other via any sequence of insertions, deletions, and time-shifts of spikes. The cost of moving a spike by an ...
... information, we use a family of metrics denoted by D spike [q]. The distance D spike [q] between two spike trains is defined as the minimum total ‘cost’ to transform one spike train into the other via any sequence of insertions, deletions, and time-shifts of spikes. The cost of moving a spike by an ...
carlson_chapter_4_final
... Damage to the left auditory association cortex causes language deficits; while damage to the right affects ability to recognize nonspeech sounds (tones) ...
... Damage to the left auditory association cortex causes language deficits; while damage to the right affects ability to recognize nonspeech sounds (tones) ...
Modulation of early cortical processing during divided attention to
... movements. All had normal or corrected-to-normal vision. The experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and conformed to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent and received a m ...
... movements. All had normal or corrected-to-normal vision. The experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, and conformed to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent and received a m ...
Inside the Brain
... living people and other animals. This can be done using various methods, such as computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), alone or in combination. Researchers use these methods to try to understand how the healthy brain develops, performs ...
... living people and other animals. This can be done using various methods, such as computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), alone or in combination. Researchers use these methods to try to understand how the healthy brain develops, performs ...
Karuza, E. A., Newport, E. L., Aslin, R. N., Starling, S. J., Tivarus
... after only 5 min of exposure. The speech stream contained six consonants (b, p, d, t, g, k) and six vowels (a, i, u, e, o, ae), which were combined to form 12 consonant–vowel syllables (pa, gi, tae, gu, te, po, da, ki, ku, bae, bu, do) and 16 trisyllabic words. An equal number of tokens of the 16 tr ...
... after only 5 min of exposure. The speech stream contained six consonants (b, p, d, t, g, k) and six vowels (a, i, u, e, o, ae), which were combined to form 12 consonant–vowel syllables (pa, gi, tae, gu, te, po, da, ki, ku, bae, bu, do) and 16 trisyllabic words. An equal number of tokens of the 16 tr ...
pdf
... humans (19) and has been found to be associated with auditory attention (1, 20, 41) resulting in top-down modulation of auditory processing (25). This finding was further confirmed by electrophysiological data indicating that tinnitus might occur as the result of a dysfunction in the top-down inhibito ...
... humans (19) and has been found to be associated with auditory attention (1, 20, 41) resulting in top-down modulation of auditory processing (25). This finding was further confirmed by electrophysiological data indicating that tinnitus might occur as the result of a dysfunction in the top-down inhibito ...
17 Human Single Unit Activity for Reach and Grasp Motor Prostheses
... and how it may be conveyed to movement or force-generating neurons will be discussed later in this chapter. In addition, imagining moving a heavy load versus a lighter load may provide a gain control mechanism by which otherwise quiescent neurons bolster their firing rates and are then read out by a ...
... and how it may be conveyed to movement or force-generating neurons will be discussed later in this chapter. In addition, imagining moving a heavy load versus a lighter load may provide a gain control mechanism by which otherwise quiescent neurons bolster their firing rates and are then read out by a ...
the primate amygdala and reinforcement: a
... reduced by feeding it to satiety (i.e. sensory-specific satiety, see Rolls, 1999, 2005), the monkeys still chose the visual stimuli associated with the foods with which they had been satiated. The aim of the study described here was to investigate whether amygdala neurons that respond to visual stim ...
... reduced by feeding it to satiety (i.e. sensory-specific satiety, see Rolls, 1999, 2005), the monkeys still chose the visual stimuli associated with the foods with which they had been satiated. The aim of the study described here was to investigate whether amygdala neurons that respond to visual stim ...
Vigneau et al.
... The present approach is in line with Poldrack’s meta-analysis of the inferior frontal gyrus that allowed an anatomo-functional segregation for phonological and semantic processing (Poldrack et al., 1999). It is based on the whole brain three-dimensional and quantitative methodology that our laborato ...
... The present approach is in line with Poldrack’s meta-analysis of the inferior frontal gyrus that allowed an anatomo-functional segregation for phonological and semantic processing (Poldrack et al., 1999). It is based on the whole brain three-dimensional and quantitative methodology that our laborato ...
Time perception
Time perception is a field of study within psychology and neuroscience that refers to the subjective experience of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and continuous unfolding of events. The perceived time interval between two successive events is referred to as perceived duration. Another person's perception of time cannot be directly experienced or understood, but it can be objectively studied and inferred through a number of scientific experiments. Time perception is a construction of the brain that is manipulable and distortable under certain circumstances. These temporal illusions help to expose the underlying neural mechanisms of time perception.Pioneering work, emphasizing species-specific differences, was conducted by Karl Ernst von Baer. Experimental work began under the influence of the psycho-physical notions of Gustav Theodor Fechner with studies of the relationship between perceived and measured time.