Abstracts PDF - California and Nevada Amphibian Populations Task
... Bay Area’s Alameda Creek, a location where annual amphibian breeding censuses have been conducted since 2003. We attribute the die-off to an outbreak of chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), in which recently metamorphosed frogs had the highest Bd loads ...
... Bay Area’s Alameda Creek, a location where annual amphibian breeding censuses have been conducted since 2003. We attribute the die-off to an outbreak of chytridiomycosis, caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), in which recently metamorphosed frogs had the highest Bd loads ...
Appropriate Actions for Woodland Management
... 2a. Most precipitation falls during summer. The oldest trees (possibly >150 years) are older and usually taller than those found in Grasslands – PJ Savanna or Juniper Savanna 2b. Season of greatest precipitation can vary. Old trees are very rare and found on microsites that historically would have a ...
... 2a. Most precipitation falls during summer. The oldest trees (possibly >150 years) are older and usually taller than those found in Grasslands – PJ Savanna or Juniper Savanna 2b. Season of greatest precipitation can vary. Old trees are very rare and found on microsites that historically would have a ...
Towards novel approaches to modelling biotic interactions in
... Keywords Community ecology, ecological networks, global change, guild assembly, multidimensional complexity, niche theory, prediction, species distribution model, species interactions, trait-based community modules. ...
... Keywords Community ecology, ecological networks, global change, guild assembly, multidimensional complexity, niche theory, prediction, species distribution model, species interactions, trait-based community modules. ...
Fitness and physiology in a variable environment
... success of species with different traits under multiple environmental conditions can clarify the role of plant physiology in determining community composition (Ackerly et al. 2000; McGill et al. 2006). This link between physiological traits and demographic performance is an important, yet poorly und ...
... success of species with different traits under multiple environmental conditions can clarify the role of plant physiology in determining community composition (Ackerly et al. 2000; McGill et al. 2006). This link between physiological traits and demographic performance is an important, yet poorly und ...
Ecology
... Functional unit in ecology is the ecosystem; it is analogous to the cell Hierarchy theory and emergent properties is applicable to the study of ecology Energetics of ecosystems is driven by (i) principles of thermodynamics (1st and 2nd Laws) and (ii) nature in which organisms acquire and utilize ene ...
... Functional unit in ecology is the ecosystem; it is analogous to the cell Hierarchy theory and emergent properties is applicable to the study of ecology Energetics of ecosystems is driven by (i) principles of thermodynamics (1st and 2nd Laws) and (ii) nature in which organisms acquire and utilize ene ...
02_06011_ClamShrimp.qxd:CFN 120(2)
... species occupying human-disturbed soils are: Knieskern’s Beaked Rush (Rhynchospora knieskernii) in a tire rut and on a waste dump in the New Jersey Pine Barrens (Schuyler 1999) and larvae of the Regal Fritillary (Speyeria idalia) overwintering in soils disturbed by tanks in Pennsylvania (Rosenzweig ...
... species occupying human-disturbed soils are: Knieskern’s Beaked Rush (Rhynchospora knieskernii) in a tire rut and on a waste dump in the New Jersey Pine Barrens (Schuyler 1999) and larvae of the Regal Fritillary (Speyeria idalia) overwintering in soils disturbed by tanks in Pennsylvania (Rosenzweig ...
Ecological Concepts, Principles and Applications
... members and physical contexts change, sometimes crossing a threshold of tolerance within the system that results in its inability to return to its previous form. • Species are a complete, self-generating, unique ensemble of genetic variation, capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring ...
... members and physical contexts change, sometimes crossing a threshold of tolerance within the system that results in its inability to return to its previous form. • Species are a complete, self-generating, unique ensemble of genetic variation, capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring ...
Phylogenetic diversity promotes ecosystem stability
... 1991), then the simplest models of evolutionary change predict that the more distantly related two species are, the greater likelihood that they differ ecologically. Of course, individual traits may show idiosyncratic patterns and rates of evolution, but overall ecological differentiation, across a ...
... 1991), then the simplest models of evolutionary change predict that the more distantly related two species are, the greater likelihood that they differ ecologically. Of course, individual traits may show idiosyncratic patterns and rates of evolution, but overall ecological differentiation, across a ...
Understanding cooccurrence by modelling species simultaneously
... had negative residual co-occurrence. One explanation is that interbreeding species may not form stable assemblages despite having similar environmental affinities. 4. Environmental and residual correlations estimated from JSDMs can help indicate whether co-occurrence is driven by shared environmental ...
... had negative residual co-occurrence. One explanation is that interbreeding species may not form stable assemblages despite having similar environmental affinities. 4. Environmental and residual correlations estimated from JSDMs can help indicate whether co-occurrence is driven by shared environmental ...
1 From plants to communities - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... gamete-to-gamete) is indeterminate and large. In the process of module production ...
... gamete-to-gamete) is indeterminate and large. In the process of module production ...
Edge Effects - UCF LNR - University of Central Florida
... discontinuous parcels. This effect is known as habitat fragmentation and refers to the breaking up of one continuous habitat into a complex matrix of habitat patches amid a human dominated landscape (Cain et al. 2008). This fragmentation leads to the increase in edge effects, particularly when the h ...
... discontinuous parcels. This effect is known as habitat fragmentation and refers to the breaking up of one continuous habitat into a complex matrix of habitat patches amid a human dominated landscape (Cain et al. 2008). This fragmentation leads to the increase in edge effects, particularly when the h ...
Adaptive radiation of island plants: evidence from Aeonium
... due to the remoteness of some islands, the number of organisms capable of colonizing from the nearest continent is limited, and competition and predation from well-established and specialized plants and animals may be low (McArthur & Wilson 1967). Under these circumstances, selection may favour char ...
... due to the remoteness of some islands, the number of organisms capable of colonizing from the nearest continent is limited, and competition and predation from well-established and specialized plants and animals may be low (McArthur & Wilson 1967). Under these circumstances, selection may favour char ...
Effect of Some Environmental Factors on Plant Species Diversity in
... Abstract Species diversity is an index for sustainability of rangeland ecosystems. We studied the effect of environmental factors (soil properties and aspects) on plant species diversity in Zagros mountainous rangelands (vegetation type: Festuca ovina-Astragalus parrowianus) in the west of Hamadan i ...
... Abstract Species diversity is an index for sustainability of rangeland ecosystems. We studied the effect of environmental factors (soil properties and aspects) on plant species diversity in Zagros mountainous rangelands (vegetation type: Festuca ovina-Astragalus parrowianus) in the west of Hamadan i ...
Connectance in stream food webs
... trophic relations, however, unless their realized diets are known with more confidence and analysed more realistically (Polis 1991). Benthic organisms usually reveal strong ontogenetic size-dependent predation (Schmid & Schmid-Araya 1997; Woodward & Hildrew 2002) and, because their diet also changes ...
... trophic relations, however, unless their realized diets are known with more confidence and analysed more realistically (Polis 1991). Benthic organisms usually reveal strong ontogenetic size-dependent predation (Schmid & Schmid-Araya 1997; Woodward & Hildrew 2002) and, because their diet also changes ...
Inferring species interactions in ecological communities
... microbial communities (Vandermeer 1969; McGrady-Steed, Harris & Morin 1997) have not only been giving contrasting results on the relationship between diversity and stability in biological communities (McCann 2000; Ives & Carpenter 2007), but were also based on different approaches on how to quantify ...
... microbial communities (Vandermeer 1969; McGrady-Steed, Harris & Morin 1997) have not only been giving contrasting results on the relationship between diversity and stability in biological communities (McCann 2000; Ives & Carpenter 2007), but were also based on different approaches on how to quantify ...
A pragmatic approach for selecting evo
... progeny, ease of manipulation and of housing/breeding, accessibility of phenotyping and genome manipulation techniques, etc., there are other parameters that should be considered when listing preferred model species. An intuitive and simple criterion to guide the choice of model species is the evolu ...
... progeny, ease of manipulation and of housing/breeding, accessibility of phenotyping and genome manipulation techniques, etc., there are other parameters that should be considered when listing preferred model species. An intuitive and simple criterion to guide the choice of model species is the evolu ...
Local-regional relationships and the geographical distribution of
... Recently, other authors have argued that the shape of the LR graphs is determined mostly by patterns in the scaling of species diversity and provides little information about the interaction between local and regional processes (Rosenzweig & Ziv, 1999; Loreau, 2000). Rosenzweig & Ziv (1999) called t ...
... Recently, other authors have argued that the shape of the LR graphs is determined mostly by patterns in the scaling of species diversity and provides little information about the interaction between local and regional processes (Rosenzweig & Ziv, 1999; Loreau, 2000). Rosenzweig & Ziv (1999) called t ...
Ecology and Evolution 5(1)
... speciation, when it occurs under such conditions, produces ecologically diversified species. This emphasis on ecological opportunity’s action as the driver of adaptive diversification follows the historical utility of the concept. Darwin (1859) saw ecologically mediated adaptive divergence as the me ...
... speciation, when it occurs under such conditions, produces ecologically diversified species. This emphasis on ecological opportunity’s action as the driver of adaptive diversification follows the historical utility of the concept. Darwin (1859) saw ecologically mediated adaptive divergence as the me ...
Title: Fine-scale and Microhabitat Factors Influencing Terrestrial
... invaluable information about their niche requirements, population dynamics, and biotic interactions (Costa et al. 2008, Peterman and Semlitsch 2013), and can even inform decisions about habitat management and restoration (Peterson 2006). However, unnatural environmental gradients may not provide the ...
... invaluable information about their niche requirements, population dynamics, and biotic interactions (Costa et al. 2008, Peterman and Semlitsch 2013), and can even inform decisions about habitat management and restoration (Peterson 2006). However, unnatural environmental gradients may not provide the ...
population dynamics - general considerations
... determined by the full complex of environmental factors impinging on and limiting the population. Nicholsonian parasite: A parasite which produces mortality in its host in a delayed density-dependent manner. Nonreciprocal density-dependent mortality: Mortality inflicted on a population by a biotic m ...
... determined by the full complex of environmental factors impinging on and limiting the population. Nicholsonian parasite: A parasite which produces mortality in its host in a delayed density-dependent manner. Nonreciprocal density-dependent mortality: Mortality inflicted on a population by a biotic m ...
lecture 25 ch 22 community development
... Disturbance initiates succession; occur in all communities and vary in: Examples of disturbance; they differ in Size (scale) Frequency/predictability Intensity Level of environmental heterogeneity Remnant biological neighborhood and seed sources Initial stages depend on intensity and extent of distu ...
... Disturbance initiates succession; occur in all communities and vary in: Examples of disturbance; they differ in Size (scale) Frequency/predictability Intensity Level of environmental heterogeneity Remnant biological neighborhood and seed sources Initial stages depend on intensity and extent of distu ...
Coupled Logistic Map for Symbiotic Relations
... A logistic map which describes the population dynamics of a species would be the most famous nonlinear difference equation. The map would have dual significance as an instructive example of the nonlinear dynamics and as an ecological model [1]. In spite of its simple form, it could show us the essen ...
... A logistic map which describes the population dynamics of a species would be the most famous nonlinear difference equation. The map would have dual significance as an instructive example of the nonlinear dynamics and as an ecological model [1]. In spite of its simple form, it could show us the essen ...
Analyzing Predator-Prey Models Using Systems of
... This intense natural selection within the context of predation leads to extreme levels of coevolution. Coevolution is change in a species over time resulting from the long term close relationship and interaction with another species. Coevolution between predators and their prey turns into somewhat o ...
... This intense natural selection within the context of predation leads to extreme levels of coevolution. Coevolution is change in a species over time resulting from the long term close relationship and interaction with another species. Coevolution between predators and their prey turns into somewhat o ...
The contribution of species richness and composition to bacterial
... decelerating diversity-functioning relationship under some conditions (Fig. 1), so it is not possible to distinguish between the two mechanisms on the basis of the shape of the diversity-function relationship alone. Both of these mechanisms are important in determining the level of ecosystem functio ...
... decelerating diversity-functioning relationship under some conditions (Fig. 1), so it is not possible to distinguish between the two mechanisms on the basis of the shape of the diversity-function relationship alone. Both of these mechanisms are important in determining the level of ecosystem functio ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.