Telescopes in History
... of this was the construction of the largest refracting telescopes ever built. The 36 in (0.9 m) instrument was installed at LICK OBSERVATORY in 1888, and was followed by the 40 in (1 m) telescope at YERKES OBSERVATORY in 1897. The driving force behind the Yerkes project, George Ellery HALE (1868–193 ...
... of this was the construction of the largest refracting telescopes ever built. The 36 in (0.9 m) instrument was installed at LICK OBSERVATORY in 1888, and was followed by the 40 in (1 m) telescope at YERKES OBSERVATORY in 1897. The driving force behind the Yerkes project, George Ellery HALE (1868–193 ...
In Search of the Dark Matter in the Universe
... The story of the dark matter started in 1933, when the Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky published astonishing results from his studies of galactic clusters. In his paper he concluded that most of the matter in clusters is totally invisible. Zwicky argued that gravity must keep the galaxies in the clust ...
... The story of the dark matter started in 1933, when the Swiss astronomer Fritz Zwicky published astonishing results from his studies of galactic clusters. In his paper he concluded that most of the matter in clusters is totally invisible. Zwicky argued that gravity must keep the galaxies in the clust ...
P1 topic 3 - WordPress.com
... *b While the origin of stars is well understood, there is still much debate about the origin of the Universe. Two major theories about the origin of the Universe are the Big Bang and the Steady State theories. Some evidence supports both theories. Other evidence supports only one theory. By consider ...
... *b While the origin of stars is well understood, there is still much debate about the origin of the Universe. Two major theories about the origin of the Universe are the Big Bang and the Steady State theories. Some evidence supports both theories. Other evidence supports only one theory. By consider ...
Practical cosmology with the Local Volume galaxies
... While having accurate velocities and distances for ~250 LV galaxies, one can study distribution of peculiar velocities within the Volume. A peculiar velocity map for the LV galaxies in the LG reference frame shows the local Hubble flow to be generally calm with peculiar velocity variations within ± ...
... While having accurate velocities and distances for ~250 LV galaxies, one can study distribution of peculiar velocities within the Volume. A peculiar velocity map for the LV galaxies in the LG reference frame shows the local Hubble flow to be generally calm with peculiar velocity variations within ± ...
Adaptive Optics for High-Contrast Imaging
... error and relevant only for extremely large telescope. It can be mitigated by choosing the WFS wavelength as close as possible to the science wavelength, and it could even be corrected because the error can be calculated (uncompensated wave-front and refractive index chromaticity of air are known) a ...
... error and relevant only for extremely large telescope. It can be mitigated by choosing the WFS wavelength as close as possible to the science wavelength, and it could even be corrected because the error can be calculated (uncompensated wave-front and refractive index chromaticity of air are known) a ...
Spiral structure of the Third Galactic Quadrant and the solution to the
... to be younger than 100 million years. These are listed in Table 1 and plotted in Fig. 2 which represents the third quadrant of the Galactic plane seen from above. Also plotted, are the BPs detected in the backgrounds of several clusters. A strip about 1.5 kpc wide, extending from l=210o to l=260o , ...
... to be younger than 100 million years. These are listed in Table 1 and plotted in Fig. 2 which represents the third quadrant of the Galactic plane seen from above. Also plotted, are the BPs detected in the backgrounds of several clusters. A strip about 1.5 kpc wide, extending from l=210o to l=260o , ...
Chapter 19 Stars Galaxies and the Universe
... gas and dust called a protostar. Gravity pulls the gas and dust together. As the ball becomes denser, it gets hotter. Eventually, the gas becomes so hot that it begins to react. These reactions produce energy, which keeps the new star from collapsing more. The second, and longest, stage of a star’s ...
... gas and dust called a protostar. Gravity pulls the gas and dust together. As the ball becomes denser, it gets hotter. Eventually, the gas becomes so hot that it begins to react. These reactions produce energy, which keeps the new star from collapsing more. The second, and longest, stage of a star’s ...
Chapter 12 Quiz, Nov. 28, 2012, Astro 162, Section 4 12-1
... 12-32. Why are the spiral arms of our Galaxy brighter than the regions between them? The O and B stars formed in the spiral arms explode as supernovae before they emerge from the arms. Therefore, these stars are not found between the arms of spiral galaxies. 12-33. Describe the Sun’s motion through ...
... 12-32. Why are the spiral arms of our Galaxy brighter than the regions between them? The O and B stars formed in the spiral arms explode as supernovae before they emerge from the arms. Therefore, these stars are not found between the arms of spiral galaxies. 12-33. Describe the Sun’s motion through ...
Curiosities of the Sky
... vast eddy, or system of eddies, whose vortices appear as dark holes. Only a maelstrom-like motion could keep such a funnel open, for without regard to the impulse derived from the projectile, the proper motions of the stars themselves would tend to fill it. Perhaps some other cause of the whirling m ...
... vast eddy, or system of eddies, whose vortices appear as dark holes. Only a maelstrom-like motion could keep such a funnel open, for without regard to the impulse derived from the projectile, the proper motions of the stars themselves would tend to fill it. Perhaps some other cause of the whirling m ...
Quasars- The Brightest Black Holes
... In 1962 an opportunity arose for a much clearer determination of the position of one of these powerful but as yet unidentified sources, 3C273, when it would be eclipsed by the Moon three times - in May, August and October. The advantage of such an event is that we always know the position of the Mo ...
... In 1962 an opportunity arose for a much clearer determination of the position of one of these powerful but as yet unidentified sources, 3C273, when it would be eclipsed by the Moon three times - in May, August and October. The advantage of such an event is that we always know the position of the Mo ...
3D Tour of the Universe Template
... found astronomical showpiece if the sky is dark, where suggestions of its spiral arms may be visible. As is also common with these types of galaxy interactions, the central region of M51 is home to a compact, energetic birth site of massive and luminous stars, whose genesis was triggered by interste ...
... found astronomical showpiece if the sky is dark, where suggestions of its spiral arms may be visible. As is also common with these types of galaxy interactions, the central region of M51 is home to a compact, energetic birth site of massive and luminous stars, whose genesis was triggered by interste ...
script
... To Begin: Welcome your audience and invite them on a journey to the beginning of time. Albert Einstein imagined what it would be like to ride on a beam of light through the universe. Using handson activities, and a few images from modern telescopes, we are going to travel through space and time on ...
... To Begin: Welcome your audience and invite them on a journey to the beginning of time. Albert Einstein imagined what it would be like to ride on a beam of light through the universe. Using handson activities, and a few images from modern telescopes, we are going to travel through space and time on ...
The Halo of the Milky Way
... We show that the star counts in the spheroid of the Milky Way are not symmetric about the l = 0◦ , l = 180◦ plane. The minimum counts are found towards l = 155◦ . The Galactic longitude of maximum star counts depends on the magnitude and color selection of the halo stars. We interpret this as eviden ...
... We show that the star counts in the spheroid of the Milky Way are not symmetric about the l = 0◦ , l = 180◦ plane. The minimum counts are found towards l = 155◦ . The Galactic longitude of maximum star counts depends on the magnitude and color selection of the halo stars. We interpret this as eviden ...
Science performance of Gaia, ESA`s space
... • Gaia will detect tens of thousands of brown dwarfs, both drifting through space in isolation and in orbit around other stars (Haywood and Jordi 2002). This data is vital for investigating the physics of star formation since brown dwarfs represent stars that “just did not make it” to core hydrogen ...
... • Gaia will detect tens of thousands of brown dwarfs, both drifting through space in isolation and in orbit around other stars (Haywood and Jordi 2002). This data is vital for investigating the physics of star formation since brown dwarfs represent stars that “just did not make it” to core hydrogen ...
Is Draco II one of the faintest dwarf galaxies? First study from Keck
... of stars 2 and 10, which must have very similar stellar parameters as they are confirmed Dra II member stars with almost identical colours and magnitudes ((0.53,18.87) and (0.55,18.98)), implies that these two member stars have significantly different metallicities (a 4.5σ difference in the equivale ...
... of stars 2 and 10, which must have very similar stellar parameters as they are confirmed Dra II member stars with almost identical colours and magnitudes ((0.53,18.87) and (0.55,18.98)), implies that these two member stars have significantly different metallicities (a 4.5σ difference in the equivale ...
Glencoe Earth Science
... When you look at constellations, you’ll notice that some stars are brighter than others. For example, Sirius looks much brighter than Rigel. Is Sirius a brighter star, or is it just closer to Earth, making it appear to be brighter? As it turns out, Sirius is 100 times closer to Earth than Rigel is. ...
... When you look at constellations, you’ll notice that some stars are brighter than others. For example, Sirius looks much brighter than Rigel. Is Sirius a brighter star, or is it just closer to Earth, making it appear to be brighter? As it turns out, Sirius is 100 times closer to Earth than Rigel is. ...
The Galactic evolution of phosphorus
... We measured the equivalent width (EW) of the P i lines, by using the iraf2 task splot. The lines are weak: the strongest line has log (EW/λ) = −5.36, but the majority of the lines have log (EW/λ) ≤ −5.5, and a Gaussian profile is a good approximation for the line profile fitting. The P i line at 105 ...
... We measured the equivalent width (EW) of the P i lines, by using the iraf2 task splot. The lines are weak: the strongest line has log (EW/λ) = −5.36, but the majority of the lines have log (EW/λ) ≤ −5.5, and a Gaussian profile is a good approximation for the line profile fitting. The P i line at 105 ...
The Milky Way - The Independent School
... are classified into different types, and that will lead you to insights into how galaxies form and evolve. In the next chapter, you will discover that some galaxies are violently active, and that will give you more clues to the evolution of galaxies. ...
... are classified into different types, and that will lead you to insights into how galaxies form and evolve. In the next chapter, you will discover that some galaxies are violently active, and that will give you more clues to the evolution of galaxies. ...
Black Holes in Binary Systems and Galaxy Nuclei
... Newton, Integral etc.) several thousands of Xray binaries have been discovered. Optical investigations made by many scientific groups (USA, England, Germany, Russia etc.) allowed to estimate the masses of 26 stellar mass BHs in X-ray binary systems. Up to now masses of ~50 NS in binary systems have ...
... Newton, Integral etc.) several thousands of Xray binaries have been discovered. Optical investigations made by many scientific groups (USA, England, Germany, Russia etc.) allowed to estimate the masses of 26 stellar mass BHs in X-ray binary systems. Up to now masses of ~50 NS in binary systems have ...
star
... over a large volume of space. • Some nebulas are glowing clouds lit from within by bright stars. • Other nebulas are cold, dark clouds that block the light from more-distant stars beyond the nebulas. ...
... over a large volume of space. • Some nebulas are glowing clouds lit from within by bright stars. • Other nebulas are cold, dark clouds that block the light from more-distant stars beyond the nebulas. ...
“From Planetesimals to Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet
... to the point where substantial numbers of terrestrial exoplanets can be found. The Kepler Mission (NASA) will utilize the transit method to accomplish this, beginning as early as 2008 (Borucki et al. 1997) . Presumably their identity will not be controversial (as they will most closely resemble our ...
... to the point where substantial numbers of terrestrial exoplanets can be found. The Kepler Mission (NASA) will utilize the transit method to accomplish this, beginning as early as 2008 (Borucki et al. 1997) . Presumably their identity will not be controversial (as they will most closely resemble our ...
The Southern Fall PDF - Treasures of the Southern Sky
... Open clusters such as NGC 3293 are excellent laboratories for studying the late stages of star formation and their early evolution. The young stars have not moved far from their birthplace, so it is certain that they are all at the same distance. This allows a detailed comparison to be made of the i ...
... Open clusters such as NGC 3293 are excellent laboratories for studying the late stages of star formation and their early evolution. The young stars have not moved far from their birthplace, so it is certain that they are all at the same distance. This allows a detailed comparison to be made of the i ...
A Reappraisal of The Habitability of Planets around M Dwarf Stars
... planet/star contrast ratio will be eased, but the challenges of spatially resolving a planet in the HZ will be significantly enhanced (Turnbull, personal communication). The Kepler mission (Borucki et al., 2003) is scheduled to launch in 2008 and should provide, within a few years thereafter, the de ...
... planet/star contrast ratio will be eased, but the challenges of spatially resolving a planet in the HZ will be significantly enhanced (Turnbull, personal communication). The Kepler mission (Borucki et al., 2003) is scheduled to launch in 2008 and should provide, within a few years thereafter, the de ...
A re-appraisal of the habitability of planets around M dwarf
... planet/star contrast ratio will be eased, but the challenges of spatially resolving a planet in the HZ will be significantly enhanced (Turnbull, personal communication). The Kepler mission (Borucki et al., 2003) is scheduled to launch in 2008 and should provide, within a few years thereafter, the de ...
... planet/star contrast ratio will be eased, but the challenges of spatially resolving a planet in the HZ will be significantly enhanced (Turnbull, personal communication). The Kepler mission (Borucki et al., 2003) is scheduled to launch in 2008 and should provide, within a few years thereafter, the de ...
Space Interferometry Mission
The Space Interferometry Mission, or SIM, also known as SIM Lite (formerly known as SIM PlanetQuest), was a planned space telescope developed by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), in conjunction with contractor Northrop Grumman. One of the main goals of the mission was the hunt for Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of nearby stars other than the Sun. SIM was postponed several times and finally cancelled in 2010.In addition to hunting for extrasolar planets, SIM would have helped astronomers construct a map of the Milky Way galaxy. Other important tasks would have included collecting data to help pinpoint stellar masses for specific types of stars, assisting in the determination of the spatial distribution of dark matter in the Milky Way and in the Local Group of galaxies and using the gravitational microlensing effect to measure the mass of stars.The spacecraft would have used optical interferometry to accomplish these and other scientific goals. This technique collects light with multiple mirrors (in SIM's case, two) which is combined to make an interference pattern which can be very precisely measured.The initial contracts for SIM Lite were awarded in 1998, totaling US$200 million. Work on the SIM project required scientists and engineers to move through eight specific new technology milestones, and by November 2006, all eight had been completed.SIM Lite was originally scheduled for a 2005 launch, aboard an Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV). As a result of continued budget cuts, the launch date has been pushed back at least five times. NASA has set a preliminary launch date for 2015 and U.S. federal budget documents confirm that a launch date is expected ""no earlier"" than 2015. The budget cuts to SIM Lite are expected to continue through FY 2010. As of February 2007, many of the engineers working on the SIM program had moved on to other areas and projects, and NASA directed the project to allocate its resources toward engineering risk reduction. However, the preliminary budget for NASA for 2008 included zero dollars for SIM.In December 2007, the Congress restored funding for fiscal year 2008 as part of an omnibus appropriations bill which the President later signed. At the same time the Congress directed NASA to move the mission forward to the development phase. In 2009 the project continued its risk reduction work while waiting for the findings and recommendations of the Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey, Astro2010, performed by the National Academy of Sciences, which would determine the project's future.On 13 August 2010, the Astro2010 Decadal Report was released and did not recommend that NASA continue the development of the SIM Lite Astrometric Observatory. This prompted NASA Astronomy and Physics Director, Jon Morse, to issue a letter on 24 September 2010 to the SIM Lite project manager, informing him that NASA was discontinuing its sponsorship of the SIM Lite mission and directing the project to discontinue Phase B activities immediately or as soon as practical. Accordingly, all SIM Lite activities were closed down by the end of calendar year 2010.