Object recognition in clutter: selectivity and invariance
... stimulus transformations such as scale and position changes [2, 3]. Previous studies report a reduction of an IT neuron response to its preferred stimulus when an additional “clutter” stimulus is simultaneously present in its receptive field [4, 5]. However, the relationship between position-, shape ...
... stimulus transformations such as scale and position changes [2, 3]. Previous studies report a reduction of an IT neuron response to its preferred stimulus when an additional “clutter” stimulus is simultaneously present in its receptive field [4, 5]. However, the relationship between position-, shape ...
Walter J. Freeman Journal Article e-Reprint
... seems to be accomplished by axons from elsewhere in the brain that release modulatory chemicals (other than those involved in forming Hebbian synapses). The other primer is input itself. When cortical neurons are excited, their output increases. Each new input they receive while they are still exci ...
... seems to be accomplished by axons from elsewhere in the brain that release modulatory chemicals (other than those involved in forming Hebbian synapses). The other primer is input itself. When cortical neurons are excited, their output increases. Each new input they receive while they are still exci ...
nerve impulse
... compounds are known to be neurotransmitters, and dozens of others are suspected Common classification of neurotransmitters: Function: determined by the postsynaptic receptor; two major functional classifications are excitatory neurotransmitters and inhibitory neurotransmitters; can also be class ...
... compounds are known to be neurotransmitters, and dozens of others are suspected Common classification of neurotransmitters: Function: determined by the postsynaptic receptor; two major functional classifications are excitatory neurotransmitters and inhibitory neurotransmitters; can also be class ...
Brain Computer Interface Boulevard of Smarter Thoughts
... into the brain, or on the facade of the brain. This aids in higher reception of electric signals and allows electrode positioning in the particular area where those explicit signals are generated. The electrodes assess minuscule differences in the voltage amid neurons. The signals are then augmented ...
... into the brain, or on the facade of the brain. This aids in higher reception of electric signals and allows electrode positioning in the particular area where those explicit signals are generated. The electrodes assess minuscule differences in the voltage amid neurons. The signals are then augmented ...
Yuste-Banbury-2006 - The Swartz Foundation
... NMDA ionophore itself, rather than through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Glutamate itself altered [Ca2+]i almost exclusively via the NMDA receptor. Furthermore, synaptically induced Ca2+ entry relied almost completely on NMDA receptor activation, even with low-frequency stimulation. The inhibitory ne ...
... NMDA ionophore itself, rather than through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Glutamate itself altered [Ca2+]i almost exclusively via the NMDA receptor. Furthermore, synaptically induced Ca2+ entry relied almost completely on NMDA receptor activation, even with low-frequency stimulation. The inhibitory ne ...
m5zn_aeb235b83927ffb
... Dendrites (from the Greek dendron, tree) are highly branched extensions that receive signals from other neurons and convey this information toward the cell body. Dendrites are often short. ...
... Dendrites (from the Greek dendron, tree) are highly branched extensions that receive signals from other neurons and convey this information toward the cell body. Dendrites are often short. ...
Cellular-synaptic generation of EEG activity
... The largest amplitude intracellular event is the sodium-potassium spike, referred to as the fast (Na+) action potential intracellularly and as unit activity extracellularly. Individual fast action potentials are usually not considered to contribute significantly to the scalp recorded EEG, mainly bec ...
... The largest amplitude intracellular event is the sodium-potassium spike, referred to as the fast (Na+) action potential intracellularly and as unit activity extracellularly. Individual fast action potentials are usually not considered to contribute significantly to the scalp recorded EEG, mainly bec ...
Chapter 3
... • thin layer of gray matter covers surface • found in clusters called nuclei deep within CNS ***A nucleus is a mass of nerve cell bodies and dendrites inside the CNS.*** ...
... • thin layer of gray matter covers surface • found in clusters called nuclei deep within CNS ***A nucleus is a mass of nerve cell bodies and dendrites inside the CNS.*** ...
Nervous System
... Nervous System: The organ system that carries electrical messages throughout the body. Central Nervous System (CNS): Includes the brain and spinal cord. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Nerves that connect all parts of the body to the brain. Nerve: A cable-like bundles of axons that make up the peri ...
... Nervous System: The organ system that carries electrical messages throughout the body. Central Nervous System (CNS): Includes the brain and spinal cord. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): Nerves that connect all parts of the body to the brain. Nerve: A cable-like bundles of axons that make up the peri ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... - smooth muscle - cardiac muscle - some glands - composed entirely of visceral efferent neurons (motor neurons to internal organs) - has no sensory function MOTOR ONLY - neurons are organized into: - nerves - ganglia - plexuses Divisions of the ANS 1. Sympathetic 2. Parasympathetic - these two syste ...
... - smooth muscle - cardiac muscle - some glands - composed entirely of visceral efferent neurons (motor neurons to internal organs) - has no sensory function MOTOR ONLY - neurons are organized into: - nerves - ganglia - plexuses Divisions of the ANS 1. Sympathetic 2. Parasympathetic - these two syste ...
OCULAR HEMORRHAGE IN CHILDREN
... migrate tangentially from the germinal zone in the lateral portion of the rhombic lips, to form the external granular layer (EGL) over the surface of the cerebellum. From here, cells migrate inward past the Purkinje cells to form the granular layer. EGL attains maximum cell number in the first few p ...
... migrate tangentially from the germinal zone in the lateral portion of the rhombic lips, to form the external granular layer (EGL) over the surface of the cerebellum. From here, cells migrate inward past the Purkinje cells to form the granular layer. EGL attains maximum cell number in the first few p ...
Photo Album
... Ranvier (N). (Inset) An enlargement of compact myelin with alternating dark and light electron-dense lines that represent intracellular (major dense lines) and extracellular (intraperiod line) plasma membrane appositions, respectively. ...
... Ranvier (N). (Inset) An enlargement of compact myelin with alternating dark and light electron-dense lines that represent intracellular (major dense lines) and extracellular (intraperiod line) plasma membrane appositions, respectively. ...
Hourly2_2012 - (canvas.brown.edu).
... 2. Dr. Otis P. Kribblekoblitz discovers that a rare subterranean rodent, the shrew-faced schmoo, has a specialized sensory system for detecting microwave radiation. He identifies a thalamic nucleus that serves as the specific relay nucleus for the microwave sense, which he modestly names "the nucleu ...
... 2. Dr. Otis P. Kribblekoblitz discovers that a rare subterranean rodent, the shrew-faced schmoo, has a specialized sensory system for detecting microwave radiation. He identifies a thalamic nucleus that serves as the specific relay nucleus for the microwave sense, which he modestly names "the nucleu ...
Optogenetics - FSU Program in Neuroscience
... • Expression of GFP-ArchT allows for optical inhibition • In vitro: illumination decreases membrane potential and ...
... • Expression of GFP-ArchT allows for optical inhibition • In vitro: illumination decreases membrane potential and ...
Neurulation
... glial fibers, neural crest cells “crawl along” independently (like fibroblasts). Motility is promoted by integrins – bind cell surface to ECM (how does this contrast with cadherins?) Prominent ECM components along neural crest cell pathway: fibronectin, laminin, collagen. The ECM provides attractive ...
... glial fibers, neural crest cells “crawl along” independently (like fibroblasts). Motility is promoted by integrins – bind cell surface to ECM (how does this contrast with cadherins?) Prominent ECM components along neural crest cell pathway: fibronectin, laminin, collagen. The ECM provides attractive ...
Slide 1
... FIGURE 3.3 Ultrastructure of dendritic spines and synapses in the human brain. A and B: Narrow spine necks (asterisks) emanate from the main dendritic shaft (D). The spine heads (S) contain filamentous material (A, B). Some large spines contain cisterns of a spine apparatus (sa, B). Asymmetric exci ...
... FIGURE 3.3 Ultrastructure of dendritic spines and synapses in the human brain. A and B: Narrow spine necks (asterisks) emanate from the main dendritic shaft (D). The spine heads (S) contain filamentous material (A, B). Some large spines contain cisterns of a spine apparatus (sa, B). Asymmetric exci ...
Document
... • C: rest(t) using the linear kernel D(t) (solid line) and actual neural rate r(t) agree ...
... • C: rest(t) using the linear kernel D(t) (solid line) and actual neural rate r(t) agree ...
Ch 3 Vision - Texas A&M University
... schematically shown as a1 a2 a3 a4 The firing rate of neuron B is determined by the activation sent by neurons a1-a4. ...
... schematically shown as a1 a2 a3 a4 The firing rate of neuron B is determined by the activation sent by neurons a1-a4. ...
Embryology of the Nervous System
... G1 period during which proteins that initiate or block division are expressed Restriction point - a condition during which a cell is destined to progress through mitosis regardless of any changes in the environment of the cell S ...
... G1 period during which proteins that initiate or block division are expressed Restriction point - a condition during which a cell is destined to progress through mitosis regardless of any changes in the environment of the cell S ...
How Molecules Matter to Mental Computation
... outputs in the form of molecules emitted from the cells, and internal processes carried out by chemical reactions involving proteins (Gross 1998). Proteins can function as on-off switches, for example by the process of phosphorylation in which proteins are modified by adding groups of atoms includin ...
... outputs in the form of molecules emitted from the cells, and internal processes carried out by chemical reactions involving proteins (Gross 1998). Proteins can function as on-off switches, for example by the process of phosphorylation in which proteins are modified by adding groups of atoms includin ...
Cells, Tissues
... This is part of plasma membrane of the target cell. It is thicker than presynaptic membrane due to the presence of receptors for neurotransmitters. When enough receptors are occupied, hydrophilic channels open, resulting in depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane. Neurontransmitter like acetylch ...
... This is part of plasma membrane of the target cell. It is thicker than presynaptic membrane due to the presence of receptors for neurotransmitters. When enough receptors are occupied, hydrophilic channels open, resulting in depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane. Neurontransmitter like acetylch ...