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World Music
World Music

... 1. Societal customs – weddings, funerals, celebrations, holidays, etc 2. Religious customs – music used specifically for religious services and events D. As a listener from a different cultural, it is important to understand these concepts and relate them to your own experiences to find the meaning ...
Lesson EEE: The Dominant Seventh Chord
Lesson EEE: The Dominant Seventh Chord

... Scale degree 7, the leading tone, pulls strongly upward toward scale degree 1, which is only a half step away. Except in one specific situation—discussed below—7 must resolve to 1. Scale degree four, the other tendency tone, pulls strongly downward to 3, its half-step neighbor. These dual tendencies ...
Music Theory Essay. - Guitar Master Class
Music Theory Essay. - Guitar Master Class

... B C D E F G). The notes we usually use are made relative to a reference frequency of 440Hz. This reference frequency is given the name A. The difference between two pitches or notes is called an interval. If we play two notes of the same pitch then we say they are in unison. Doubling the frequency o ...
Music 11, 7/10/06 Scales/Intervals We already know half steps and
Music 11, 7/10/06 Scales/Intervals We already know half steps and

... If an interval is major, and it is made further wider, it becomes augmented. Ab-B is an augmented second (A2). Gb-B is an augmented third (A3). The inversion of an augmented interval will always be diminished. See the following chart, same as above, but this time with augmented and diminished interv ...
Elements of Music
Elements of Music

... motion or are very close to each other on the staff  Disjunct – notes in melody move by large leaps. There are large spaces between the notes. Motif (like a ‘riff’ in guitar) – small building block of a melodic phrase Phrase – a musical sentence; usually 4 to 8 bars in length Ostinato - a short mel ...
a PDF version of this work.
a PDF version of this work.

... is found in measure 137, where its purpose again is to accommodate the melody, the most important element of the composition. An example of chromaticism used to affect a modulation is found in measure 131, where the piece shifts from the key of b minor to B major (called parallel major minor by theo ...
Introduction to Pitch Class Set Analysis
Introduction to Pitch Class Set Analysis

... Pitch Class Set - A group of pitch classes. Usually it isa motive that occurs melodically, harmonically, or both. Cardinal number refers to the number of elements in a set. A cardinal three set has three members. Octave Equivalence - In tonal music, if two notes an octave apart are presented we attr ...
Musical Intervals and Scales
Musical Intervals and Scales

... Musical Intervals & Scales • Creator of instruments will need to define the tuning of that instrument • Systems of tuning depend upon the intervals (or distances of frequency) between notes ...
Night in Tunisia thoughts,
Night in Tunisia thoughts,

... So it makes sense to use over any dominant seventh with extensions, the notable exceptions being natural 9, and b13, which we have other scales to handle (maybe another thread for this). 4) the four triads the dim scale can be resequenced into a series of major triads whose roots are a minor third a ...
A Periodicity-Based Approach on Harmony Perception Including
A Periodicity-Based Approach on Harmony Perception Including

... system. Non-western scales, e.g. in Turkish classical music with makam melody types or octave reduced tone scales of recordings of traditional Central African music, do not seem to be based on equal temperament tunings. Nevertheless, they can be successfully analyzed by the periodicity-based approac ...
Lecture Series 1 Exam Review
Lecture Series 1 Exam Review

... vibrations per second. 8-What is amplitude is scientific terms? 9-Give another term for tone color? 10-Which dynamic marking is the softest? 11-The distance between two pitches that seem to duplicate each other and blend very well together is called: 12-The set of seven pitches used in Western music ...
A Psychophysical Explanation for Why Major Chords are “Bright
A Psychophysical Explanation for Why Major Chords are “Bright

... two-tone effects will not suffice, what about three-tone ...
1146375GRADE 4 MUSIC UEQ and CEQ
1146375GRADE 4 MUSIC UEQ and CEQ

... What is the difference between rhythm and beat? What are the values of quarter, eighth, sixteenth notes, dotted quarter note, half notes, and quarter rests? What are pitch and melody? What are the different ways we can use our voices? What is meter? What is the pentatonic scale? What are phrases in ...
Time Signatures and Intervals
Time Signatures and Intervals

... process - simply work out the two note names as before - bottom to the top. ...
Notes - Higher Music
Notes - Higher Music

... A type of ornament played as a quick note before the main note of a melody. Sometimes there may be a group of grace notes at the start of a phrase and this is particularly evident in bagpipe playing. ...
Figure 1 - WordPress.com
Figure 1 - WordPress.com

... between a plethora of diatonic chords (i, ii˚, III, iv, V7, v, vi, vii˚, etc.) while the lower strings hammer out a pedal G tonic, calling to mind the incessant drive of minor tonic pedal tones of the first movement of Brahms Symphony no. 1 in C minor. In addition to these driving pedals, the two pi ...
International Baccalaureate Music and Advanced Placement Music
International Baccalaureate Music and Advanced Placement Music

... Music of this band focused more on an instrumental melody than a lyrical melody. It’s made up of wide leaps and dissonant intervals. “Skyscraper” polychords as well as polyharmony were both commonly formed in the music. Expanded tonality allowed for ...
Lecture 8
Lecture 8

... The Octave • Produced by one string vibrating twice as fast as another • Notes an octave apart have the same ...
INTERVALS INTERVAL size and quality
INTERVALS INTERVAL size and quality

... In early music, P4 was a consonance and with other perfect intervals made up most of music compositions. Later, when using complete triads, the 4th tended to lose some of its stability and consonance (sounded like active tone between 5th and 3rd). If it appeared near a 5th (its inversion), then it w ...
Article: Phrasing...Speaking in Musical Sentences.Blue Grass News
Article: Phrasing...Speaking in Musical Sentences.Blue Grass News

Theory 9-26 - Introduction to Music Theory
Theory 9-26 - Introduction to Music Theory

... same scale degrees, regardless of what key you are in. When a melody is rewritten into another key with the exact same sequence of notes and intervals, it is called TRANSPOSITION. This raises or lowers the notes to make a melody easier to sing or play, or so it can be played by an instrument in a di ...
Vocal Music Intermediate Baseline Assessment Section One
Vocal Music Intermediate Baseline Assessment Section One

... 1. Second lowest male singing voice, between tenor and bass a. baritone b. head voice c. falsetto 2. An alternative way of identifying a time signature where there are 4 beats in a measure and the quarter note receives the beat is _____. a. common time b. cut time c. triple time 3. _____: A muscular ...
Tippett * Concerto for double string orchestra: movement I
Tippett * Concerto for double string orchestra: movement I

... much of the following section, thereby obscuring the sense of tonality.  As the Recapitulation is reached (b.1 29) there is a firm return to A , which is maintained thereaf ter as the centre of tonality until the coda.  The Coda contrasts F# in b.194 with C in b.202 before returning to A . ...
AoS2 – Harmony and Tonality
AoS2 – Harmony and Tonality

... !   It  can  be  just  one  not,  like  a  pedal,  but  often  has  two  notes   played  at  the  same  time   !   These  two  notes  are  usually  a  fifth  apart  and  are  played  in   the  bass,  below  the  melody   !   They ...
AH exit Exam Review PPT
AH exit Exam Review PPT

... – Sharps and flats placed @ the beginning of the music that show the scale on which the music is based. ...
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Harmony



In music, harmony is the use of simultaneous pitches (tones, notes), or chords. The study of harmony involves chords and their construction and chord progressions and the principles of connection that govern them. Harmony is often said to refer to the ""vertical"" aspect of music, as distinguished from melodic line, or the ""horizontal"" aspect. Counterpoint, which refers to the interweaving of melodic lines, and polyphony, which refers to the relationship of separate independent voices, are thus sometimes distinguished from harmony.In popular and jazz harmony, chords are named by their root plus various terms and characters indicating their qualities. In many types of music, notably baroque, romantic, modern, and jazz, chords are often augmented with ""tensions"". A tension is an additional chord member that creates a relatively dissonant interval in relation to the bass. Typically, in the classical common practice period a dissonant chord (chord with tension) ""resolves"" to a consonant chord. Harmonization usually sounds pleasant to the ear when there is a balance between the consonant and dissonant sounds. In simple words, that occurs when there is a balance between ""tense"" and ""relaxed"" moments.
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