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Atrial FIbrillation - familypracticeresidency.org
Atrial FIbrillation - familypracticeresidency.org

... Vascular disease and ischemic heart disease do not appear to increase TE risk in AF Renal disease and proteinuria are risk factors for TE ATRIA score may be better at predicting both low risk patients and those at highest risk of severe stroke than CHADS2 and CHADS-VASC ...
cardiac corner: name that arrhythmia
cardiac corner: name that arrhythmia

... ventricular rate is about 70-75 beats per minute, varying between 55 and 100 or more beats per minute. ...
Conduction and Rhythm Disorders
Conduction and Rhythm Disorders

... ventricles (kent bundle). Bypasses the AV node. ii. This pathway conducts impulses to either the atria to the ventricles. Retrograde conduction results in a tachycardia from reentry iii. Slurring of the QRS, shortened PR interval, delta waves, Atrial rhythms, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome iv. Sympt ...
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Cardiac Electrophysiology

... - can be anywhere in atrium - Use an Avix – looks like party balloon - Put it in the atrium, blow it up with radio opaque liquid - Is coated with electrodes – records along entire outside surface - Will tell you exactly where it sees signal – where it first sees signal Atrial flutter - common rhythm ...
Living With Atrial Fibrillation
Living With Atrial Fibrillation

... What is Atrial Fibrillation? • Atrial fibrillation (or AFib) is a problem with your heart’s rhythm5 – AFib is typically characterized by chaotic, disorganized electrical activity in the upper chambers of the heart. When AFib occurs, the atria (upper chambers of the heart) fibrillate (beat very fast ...
“Simple” Congenital Heart Disease
“Simple” Congenital Heart Disease

... Choice of percutaneous catheter intervention versus surgical repair of native discrete coarctation should be determined by consultation with a team of ACHD cardiologists, interventionalists, and surgeons at an ...
Publication is available here. - European Society of Cardiology
Publication is available here. - European Society of Cardiology

... ICD that left ventricular function is an important determinant in decision-making. The rate of VT is also important though, as when the rate was 200 bpm an upgrade to ICD was considered by 7% even for patients with normal left ventricular function, and in 46% when the EF was 40% and the patient symp ...
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF). PERI
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF). PERI

... hypotension, rate related myocardial ischaemia, heart failure and pulmonary oedema. Normal atrial activity accounts for at least 10% of ventricular filling, which can increase up to 40% at higher heart rates. The elderly population are more dependent on atrial filling owing to reduced elasticity of ...
Atrial Fibrilation (AF).
Atrial Fibrilation (AF).

... hypotension, rate related myocardial ischaemia, heart failure and pulmonary oedema. Normal atrial activity accounts for at least 10% of ventricular filling, which can increase up to 40% at higher heart rates. The elderly population are more dependent on atrial filling owing to reduced elasticity of ...
Pitfalls in Fetal Echocardiography
Pitfalls in Fetal Echocardiography

... Resolution of color Doppler study ...
Practical Electrocardiography: Diagnosis, Interpretation and
Practical Electrocardiography: Diagnosis, Interpretation and

... AV Node Bradyarrhythmias: Atrioventricular Block There are three types of atrioventricular (AV) block:1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-degree block. First-degree and sometimes 2nd-degree AV block can be caused by high vagal tone (sometimes normal in a dog, or associated with respiratory disease, GI disease, or c ...
Cardiovascular Regulation
Cardiovascular Regulation

... McArdle, Katch, and Katch, 4th ed. ...
Modelling of the vital signs
Modelling of the vital signs

... 2. Tachycardia with narrow QRS complex - supraventricular (more than 100 beats/min in adults): - sinus tachycardia (fast heart beat of 90 / min.) - fibrillation atrial (irregular atrial) 3. Tachycardia with a wide QRS complex: - ventricular tachycardia (rapid contractions of the ventricles) - ventri ...
Physio ch11 book notes [5-29
Physio ch11 book notes [5-29

... “lead”: not a single wire, but a combination of two wires and their electodes to make a complete circuit btwn the body and the electrocardiograph. Lead I= (-) on R arm, (+) on L arm Lead II= (-) on R arm, (+) on L leg Lead III= (-) on L arm, (+) on L leg Einthoven’s Triangle- drawn around the heart… ...
this PDF file - American Medical Student Research Journal
this PDF file - American Medical Student Research Journal

... Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common type of cardiac rhythm disturbance, affecting 1.2 million people in the United States each year.1 Development of AF involves an interplay between a triggering factor, an arrhythmogenic substrate, and modulating factors.2 It has a variety of potential cause ...
www.ipicd.com
www.ipicd.com

... •Animals: A total of 13 anesthetized adult pigs (length 104.7±20.3 cm, weight 34.4±6.95 kg and a chest circumference 67.2±4.0 cm) •Stun gun: TASER X26 is a 26-watt pistol-like device that shoots two tethered darts and delivers up to 6000 volts (typical output about 1500 volts) of peak electrical po ...
Documentation and Coding for Cardiac Conditions
Documentation and Coding for Cardiac Conditions

... Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is not able to pump enough oxygen-rich blood to meet the body’s needs. It typically develops after other conditions have weakened or damaged the heart. Heart failure is considered a chronic condition and tends to develop slowly over time. However, pati ...
Acute coronary syndromes and atrial fibrillation
Acute coronary syndromes and atrial fibrillation

... Acute coronary syndromes and atrial fibrillation Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and affects 1.5%e2% of the general population. More than six million Europeans suffer from atrial fibrillation, and the incidence of atrial fibrillation is estimated to double over th ...
Case
Case

... with increasing shortness of breath over the past 12-24 hours. She has a diagnosis of heart failure after a myocardial infarction several years ago. She has been prescribed an excellent medical regimen, but she has been intermittently compliant recently. On presentation her vital signs reveal a hear ...
Cardiology
Cardiology

... with increasing shortness of breath over the past 12-24 hours. She has a diagnosis of heart failure after a myocardial infarction several years ago. She has been prescribed an excellent medical regimen, but she has been intermittently compliant recently. On presentation her vital signs reveal a hear ...
Learning Module 4: Exploring ECG`s in Nature Introduction
Learning Module 4: Exploring ECG`s in Nature Introduction

... between the atria and ventricles. Because the AV-node is the only pathway in normal hearts, there is usually a small delay between the depolarization of atrial cells and the depolarization of ventricular cells as the electrical signal makes its way through the AVnode. This delay is demonstrated by a ...
Atrial Fibrillation - Arrhythmia Alliance - Patient Information
Atrial Fibrillation - Arrhythmia Alliance - Patient Information

... AV nodal ablation (“pace-ablate”) Some types of AF respond to treatment with special pacemakers which can help to maintain or regulate the hear t rhythm. If the implantation of a pacemaker alone fails to improve your symptoms, you may be suitable for a catheter ablation. One of the most common ablat ...
Arrhythmias
Arrhythmias

... In this condition some impulses from the atria don’t reach the ventricles,this causes “dropped beats” . There are two types : Type I 2nd degree ( Mobitz I , Wenckebach block ) : o Progressive prolongation of PR interval leading finally to the dropout of a QRS complex & then the cycle is repeated. ( ...
atrial fibrillation in primary care (afip)
atrial fibrillation in primary care (afip)

... The goals of rate and rhythm control are to improve symptoms and clinical outcomes, such as CV events; however, these goals do not necessarily imply the elimination of all AF.20 For patients with symptomatic AF lasting many weeks, initial therapy may be anticoagulation and temporary rate control, wh ...
Atrial Fibrillation: Newer Strategies in Treatment and Anticoagulation
Atrial Fibrillation: Newer Strategies in Treatment and Anticoagulation

... • Elevation in atrial pressure • Infiltration or inflammation of the atria • Framingham Heart Study: • Left atrial enlargement was shown to precede and predispose to AFib • Ectopic foci are most often located near the pulmonary ...
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Atrial fibrillation



Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating. Often it starts as brief periods of abnormal beating which become longer and possibly constant over time. Most episodes have no symptoms. Occasionally there may be heart palpitations, fainting, shortness of breath, or chest pain. The disease increases the risk of heart failure, dementia, and stroke.Hypertension and valvular heart disease are the most common alterable risk factors for AF. Other heart-related risk factors include heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, and congenital heart disease. In the developing world valvular heart disease often occurs as a result of rheumatic fever. Lung-related risk factors include COPD, obesity, and sleep apnea. Other factors include excess alcohol intake, diabetes mellitus, and thyrotoxicosis. However, half of cases are not associated with one of these risks. A diagnosis is made by feeling the pulse and may be confirmed using an electrocardiogram (ECG). The typical ECG shows no P waves and an irregular ventricular rate.AF is often treated with medications to slow the heart rate to a near normal range (known as rate control) or to convert the rhythm to normal sinus rhythm (known as rhythm control). Electrical cardioversion can also be used to convert AF to a normal sinus rhythm and is often used emergently if the person is unstable. Ablation may prevent recurrence in some people. Depending on the risk of stroke either aspirin or anti-clotting medications such as warfarin or a novel oral anticoagulant may be recommended. While these medications reduce this risk, they increase rates of major bleeding.Atrial fibrillation is the most common serious abnormal heart rhythm. In Europe and North America, as of 2014, it affects about 2% to 3% of the population. This is an increase from 0.4 to 1% of the population around 2005. In the developing world about 0.6% of males and 0.4% of females are affected. The percentage of people with AF increases with age with 0.14% under 50 years old, 4% between 60 and 70 years old, and 14% over 80 years old being affected. A-fib and atrial flutter resulted in 112,000 deaths in 2013, up from 29,000 in 1990. The first known report of an irregular pulse was by John Baptist Senac in 1749. This was first documented by ECG in 1909 by Thomas Lewis.
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