LAB 10
... Traits that are under the control of single genes are called simple traits because they follow simple (Mendelian) rules of inheritance and they can usually be easily and predictably followed through generations. Traits that are under the control of many genes, on the other hand, are called complex t ...
... Traits that are under the control of single genes are called simple traits because they follow simple (Mendelian) rules of inheritance and they can usually be easily and predictably followed through generations. Traits that are under the control of many genes, on the other hand, are called complex t ...
Bacterial Genomics
... Using Ka/Ks values as a proxy for level of drift 1. Because point mutations that cause amino acid replacements are often deleterious, the rate of nonsynonymous changes (Ka) is expected to be less than the rate of synonymous substitutions (Ks) in functional genes. 2. An increased level of drift, pro ...
... Using Ka/Ks values as a proxy for level of drift 1. Because point mutations that cause amino acid replacements are often deleterious, the rate of nonsynonymous changes (Ka) is expected to be less than the rate of synonymous substitutions (Ks) in functional genes. 2. An increased level of drift, pro ...
Hong - Gene Ontology Consortium
... manually curated GO annotations to improve mappings and manually curated annotations 3. Review inconsistencies between computationally predicted and manually curated GO annotations to improve ontology ...
... manually curated GO annotations to improve mappings and manually curated annotations 3. Review inconsistencies between computationally predicted and manually curated GO annotations to improve ontology ...
1 An Introduction - ResearchOnline@JCU
... Early molecular control of D/V axis patterning during embryonic development appears to be conserved between insects and vertebrates. Dorsoventral polarity is initially established by the signalling protein Decapentaplegic (Dpp) in Drosophila and one its homolog, Bone morphogenic protein (BMP), in ve ...
... Early molecular control of D/V axis patterning during embryonic development appears to be conserved between insects and vertebrates. Dorsoventral polarity is initially established by the signalling protein Decapentaplegic (Dpp) in Drosophila and one its homolog, Bone morphogenic protein (BMP), in ve ...
A Chromosome 21 Critical Region Does Not Cause Specific Down
... Fig. 2. Trisomic segments represented in mouse models relative to HSA21. The DSCR is indicated as an open box where it is present and by a dashed line where it is deleted. Approximate size in megabases of triplicated information is based on genomic sequence; gene number is from Gardiner et al. (11). ...
... Fig. 2. Trisomic segments represented in mouse models relative to HSA21. The DSCR is indicated as an open box where it is present and by a dashed line where it is deleted. Approximate size in megabases of triplicated information is based on genomic sequence; gene number is from Gardiner et al. (11). ...
Evolutionary deterioration of the vomeronasal pheromone
... V1R pseudogenes have been reported, but it is still unknown exactly how many exist in the human genome (29, 30). Assuming that the genome of the higher primate ancestor had 140 functional V1R genes as in the mouse genome, we ask whether it is possible to have five V1R ORFs left in the present-day hu ...
... V1R pseudogenes have been reported, but it is still unknown exactly how many exist in the human genome (29, 30). Assuming that the genome of the higher primate ancestor had 140 functional V1R genes as in the mouse genome, we ask whether it is possible to have five V1R ORFs left in the present-day hu ...
Comparative phylogenomics of symbiotic associations
... thus not specific to host species). For instance, Favre et al. (2014) used only three nonhost Brassicaceae, resulting in the identification of > 5000 candidate genes. Most of them are Brassicaceae-specific losses, not consistently related to the loss of the AM symbiosis. The two other studies used d ...
... thus not specific to host species). For instance, Favre et al. (2014) used only three nonhost Brassicaceae, resulting in the identification of > 5000 candidate genes. Most of them are Brassicaceae-specific losses, not consistently related to the loss of the AM symbiosis. The two other studies used d ...
The GOSim package
... The Gene Ontology (GO) has become one of the most widespread systems for systematically annotating gene products within the bioinformatics community and is developed by the Gene Ontology Consortium ?. It is specifically intended for describing gene products with a controlled and structured vocabular ...
... The Gene Ontology (GO) has become one of the most widespread systems for systematically annotating gene products within the bioinformatics community and is developed by the Gene Ontology Consortium ?. It is specifically intended for describing gene products with a controlled and structured vocabular ...
The percentage of bacterial genes on leading versus
... activity and transporter activity than those in E. coli (see Fig. S5). This clearly makes sense as collectively having more genes related to motor activity, transporter activity, transcription regulator among others on the leading strand may enable the bacteria to react much faster when the nutrien ...
... activity and transporter activity than those in E. coli (see Fig. S5). This clearly makes sense as collectively having more genes related to motor activity, transporter activity, transcription regulator among others on the leading strand may enable the bacteria to react much faster when the nutrien ...
Comparative study of overlapping genes in bacteria, with special
... (Table 1). The frequent occurrence of the unidirectional overlapping structure probably reflects the commonest orientation of adjacent genes in the chromosomes, as prokaryotic genes are often organized into operons or clusters of genes that are transcribed together. Since all genes in an operon must ...
... (Table 1). The frequent occurrence of the unidirectional overlapping structure probably reflects the commonest orientation of adjacent genes in the chromosomes, as prokaryotic genes are often organized into operons or clusters of genes that are transcribed together. Since all genes in an operon must ...
Functional gene groups are concentrated within chromosomes
... fi is defined as the number of groups involving i chromosomes, in order to measure the extent to which genes from the same group tend to concentrate on few chromosomes. The P-value was calculated by comparing the real-genome frequencies to those in 106 random genomes. The results show that there is ...
... fi is defined as the number of groups involving i chromosomes, in order to measure the extent to which genes from the same group tend to concentrate on few chromosomes. The P-value was calculated by comparing the real-genome frequencies to those in 106 random genomes. The results show that there is ...
Delineation of a Scab Resistance Gene Cluster on Linkage Group 2
... presence of a gene cluster on LG2. Here we attempt to delineate the scab resistance gene cluster based on the information available to date. Delineation was aided by the recent development of transferable marker systems, such as simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs), which are capable of integrating ...
... presence of a gene cluster on LG2. Here we attempt to delineate the scab resistance gene cluster based on the information available to date. Delineation was aided by the recent development of transferable marker systems, such as simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs), which are capable of integrating ...
Patterns of inheritance
... Genes: Segments of the DNA on chromosomes that code for a specific protein Locus (loci): The specific physical location of a gene on the chromosome Homologous chromosomes: Chromosomes that carry the same genes. Since most cells are diploid, they have a set of two chromosomes and therefore two copies ...
... Genes: Segments of the DNA on chromosomes that code for a specific protein Locus (loci): The specific physical location of a gene on the chromosome Homologous chromosomes: Chromosomes that carry the same genes. Since most cells are diploid, they have a set of two chromosomes and therefore two copies ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... netrin-binding protein (Leonardo et al., 1997), while dcc is expressed on the axons and anti-DCC antibody treatment blocks netrin dependent outgrowth (Keino-Masu et al., 1996). Although further examination of the interactions between these products is needed, the present data, strongly suggest that ...
... netrin-binding protein (Leonardo et al., 1997), while dcc is expressed on the axons and anti-DCC antibody treatment blocks netrin dependent outgrowth (Keino-Masu et al., 1996). Although further examination of the interactions between these products is needed, the present data, strongly suggest that ...
1 Chromosome Mapping in Eukaryotes
... – Identify the single allele that has been switched so that it no longer is associated with its original neighboring alleles. – This allele is in the middle. ...
... – Identify the single allele that has been switched so that it no longer is associated with its original neighboring alleles. – This allele is in the middle. ...
Gene ORGANizer: linking genes to the organs they
... understand the shared impact of groups of genes. The tool consists of two platforms: Browse and ORGANize. Browse allows users to see all of the body parts affected by a single gene of interest. ORGANize is designed to test which body parts, if at all, are over- or under-represented in a gene list. I ...
... understand the shared impact of groups of genes. The tool consists of two platforms: Browse and ORGANize. Browse allows users to see all of the body parts affected by a single gene of interest. ORGANize is designed to test which body parts, if at all, are over- or under-represented in a gene list. I ...
Intraspecies variation in bacterial genomes: the need for a
... focus on the genome differences between clones of Macrorestriction mapping or pulse-field gel eleca species and the forces involved in generating this trophoresis, which separates large DNA fragments variation. after digestion of chromosomal DNA by rare-cutting enzymes, has greatly advanced our unde ...
... focus on the genome differences between clones of Macrorestriction mapping or pulse-field gel eleca species and the forces involved in generating this trophoresis, which separates large DNA fragments variation. after digestion of chromosomal DNA by rare-cutting enzymes, has greatly advanced our unde ...
F 1 - Adelphi University
... Genotype and environment interact to determine the phenotype of an organism. Two parameters describe the effects: Penetrance is the proportion of individuals with a certain genotype that show the phenotype. Expressivity is the degree to which genotype is expressed in an individual. ...
... Genotype and environment interact to determine the phenotype of an organism. Two parameters describe the effects: Penetrance is the proportion of individuals with a certain genotype that show the phenotype. Expressivity is the degree to which genotype is expressed in an individual. ...
EPISTASIS
... maximum amount of melanin and very dark skin. Another way to think about it is to imagine that each capital letter allele makes one unit of melanin…by that logic, a skin cell with the genotype AABBCC would make 6 units of melanin and be dark. A genotype with all lower case allele (aabbcc) has no cap ...
... maximum amount of melanin and very dark skin. Another way to think about it is to imagine that each capital letter allele makes one unit of melanin…by that logic, a skin cell with the genotype AABBCC would make 6 units of melanin and be dark. A genotype with all lower case allele (aabbcc) has no cap ...
BIO337_Phenologs_Spring2014
... Virtually all genetic traits and diseases affect molecular structures that are evolutionarily conserved. Consequently, human traits and diseases often have equivalents in other species, even distant ones. ...
... Virtually all genetic traits and diseases affect molecular structures that are evolutionarily conserved. Consequently, human traits and diseases often have equivalents in other species, even distant ones. ...
Essential gene
Essential genes are those genes of an organism that are thought to be critical for its survival. However, being essential is highly dependent on the circumstances in which an organism lives. For instance, a gene required to digest starch is only essential if starch is the only source of energy. Recently, systematic attempts have been made to identify those genes that are absolutely required to maintain life, provided that all nutrients are available. Such experiments have led to the conclusion that the absolutely required number of genes for bacteria is on the order of about 250-300. These essential genes encode proteins to maintain a central metabolism, replicate DNA, translate genes into proteins, maintain a basic cellular structure, and mediate transport processes into and out of the cell. Most genes are not essential but convey selective advantages and increased fitness.