Audio Watermarking Based on Fibonacci Numbers Abstract—This
... Abstract—This paper presents a novel high-capacity audio watermarking system to embed data and extract them in a bit-exact manner by changing some of the magnitudes of the FFT spectrum. The key idea is to divide the FT spectrum into short frames and change the magnitude of the selected FFT samples ...
... Abstract—This paper presents a novel high-capacity audio watermarking system to embed data and extract them in a bit-exact manner by changing some of the magnitudes of the FFT spectrum. The key idea is to divide the FT spectrum into short frames and change the magnitude of the selected FFT samples ...
Lab 1. LNA characterization, lab manual
... c) Is there is any discrepancy between your estimated power level and the corresponding measured value? If so, adjust then the output power level of the Signal generator so that the Signal analyzer shows -5 dBm. __________________________________________________________________________ Decrease the ...
... c) Is there is any discrepancy between your estimated power level and the corresponding measured value? If so, adjust then the output power level of the Signal generator so that the Signal analyzer shows -5 dBm. __________________________________________________________________________ Decrease the ...
Excited Elements - Light Emission Spectroscopy
... the metallic element sodium. Another method of spectrum analysis involves the application of high voltage across a gas-filled glass tube. Gases under low pressure and excited by an electrical discharge give off light in characteristic wavelengths. The emitted light is passed through a spectroscope, ...
... the metallic element sodium. Another method of spectrum analysis involves the application of high voltage across a gas-filled glass tube. Gases under low pressure and excited by an electrical discharge give off light in characteristic wavelengths. The emitted light is passed through a spectroscope, ...
2007 Q7 - Loreto Balbriggan
... back down, and leave the excited state, energy is re-emitted in the form of em radiation, the wavelength of which refers to the discrete lines of the emission spectrum. Each element has its own chacteristic signature line spectrum. The red line emitted by a hydrogen discharge tube in the laboratory ...
... back down, and leave the excited state, energy is re-emitted in the form of em radiation, the wavelength of which refers to the discrete lines of the emission spectrum. Each element has its own chacteristic signature line spectrum. The red line emitted by a hydrogen discharge tube in the laboratory ...
Spectra and Colors - UWL faculty websites
... 4. Ask the students to predict what an observer would see if they were BETWEEN the hot dense body and the gas cloud: a. looking towards the hot dense object All the colors b. looking towards the gas cloud. Emission (bright) line spectrum (blue & orange) 5. Have the students suggest ways to improve t ...
... 4. Ask the students to predict what an observer would see if they were BETWEEN the hot dense body and the gas cloud: a. looking towards the hot dense object All the colors b. looking towards the gas cloud. Emission (bright) line spectrum (blue & orange) 5. Have the students suggest ways to improve t ...
Solutions: Cosmic Colors and Spectroscopy
... 4. Ask the students to predict what an observer would see if they were BETWEEN the hot dense body and the gas cloud: a. looking towards the hot dense object All the colors b. looking towards the gas cloud. Emission (bright) line spectrum (blue & orange) 5. Have the students suggest ways to improve t ...
... 4. Ask the students to predict what an observer would see if they were BETWEEN the hot dense body and the gas cloud: a. looking towards the hot dense object All the colors b. looking towards the gas cloud. Emission (bright) line spectrum (blue & orange) 5. Have the students suggest ways to improve t ...
Chapter 6: Data Transmission
... Low-cost, ubiquitous transmission medium If we can convert digital information (1s and 0s) to analog form (audible tone), it can be transmitted inexpensively ...
... Low-cost, ubiquitous transmission medium If we can convert digital information (1s and 0s) to analog form (audible tone), it can be transmitted inexpensively ...
unit 3 PPT
... • The integrator output voltage is given by : • Frequency is controlled by varying upper and lower currents. • An increase or decrease in the current will increase or decrease the slope of the output voltage, hence controls the frequency. • The voltage comparator – changes states at a pre-determine ...
... • The integrator output voltage is given by : • Frequency is controlled by varying upper and lower currents. • An increase or decrease in the current will increase or decrease the slope of the output voltage, hence controls the frequency. • The voltage comparator – changes states at a pre-determine ...
EMI wave and harmonic analyzer
... A harmonic distortion analyzer measures the total harmonic content in a waveform. Any complex waveform is made up of a fundamental and its harmonics. Wave analyzer is used to measure the amplitude of each harmonic or fundamental frequency individually. Wave analyzers are also referred to as frequenc ...
... A harmonic distortion analyzer measures the total harmonic content in a waveform. Any complex waveform is made up of a fundamental and its harmonics. Wave analyzer is used to measure the amplitude of each harmonic or fundamental frequency individually. Wave analyzers are also referred to as frequenc ...
![Apparatus: [L11A]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/023431143_1-7a3f9cc855197e012298a43538c8a27c-300x300.png)
Apparatus: [L11A]
... 1. Which band of the electromagnetic spectrum has: (a) the longest wavelength? (b) the lowest frequency? (c) the shortest wavelength? (d) the highest frequency? (e) a wavelength just longer than red light? (f) a wavelength just shorter than violet light? (g) a frequency higher than X-rays? (h) a fre ...
... 1. Which band of the electromagnetic spectrum has: (a) the longest wavelength? (b) the lowest frequency? (c) the shortest wavelength? (d) the highest frequency? (e) a wavelength just longer than red light? (f) a wavelength just shorter than violet light? (g) a frequency higher than X-rays? (h) a fre ...
PicoScope 6 spectrum mode
... of two. For example, if the scope view contains 10 000 samples, and you set Spectrum Bins to 16384, then PicoScope zero-pads the waveform to 16 384 samples, which is the nearest power of two above 10,000. It then uses these 16 384 samples to provide 8192 frequency bins, not the 16 384 requested. If ...
... of two. For example, if the scope view contains 10 000 samples, and you set Spectrum Bins to 16384, then PicoScope zero-pads the waveform to 16 384 samples, which is the nearest power of two above 10,000. It then uses these 16 384 samples to provide 8192 frequency bins, not the 16 384 requested. If ...
Abstract
... The sub-millimeter wave spectrum of the CoS radical has been observed in the frequency range 350-540 GHz using direct absorption techniques. This work is the first spectroscopic study of this molecule. Cobalt vapor was reacted with CS to produce CoS. Rotational transitions from three spin-componen ...
... The sub-millimeter wave spectrum of the CoS radical has been observed in the frequency range 350-540 GHz using direct absorption techniques. This work is the first spectroscopic study of this molecule. Cobalt vapor was reacted with CS to produce CoS. Rotational transitions from three spin-componen ...
Spectrum analyzer
A spectrum analyzer measures the magnitude of an input signal versus frequency within the full frequency range of the instrument. The primary use is to measure the power of the spectrum of known and unknown signals. The input signal that a spectrum analyzer measures is electrical, however, spectral compositions of other signals, such as acoustic pressure waves and optical light waves, can be considered through the use of an appropriate transducer. Optical spectrum analyzers also exist, which use direct optical techniques such as a monochromator to make measurements.By analyzing the spectra of electrical signals, dominant frequency, power, distortion, harmonics, bandwidth, and other spectral components of a signal can be observed that are not easily detectable in time domain waveforms. These parameters are useful in the characterization of electronic devices, such as wireless transmitters.The display of a spectrum analyzer has frequency on the horizontal axis and the amplitude displayed on the vertical axis. To the casual observer, a spectrum analyzer looks like an oscilloscope and, in fact, some lab instruments can function either as an oscilloscope or a spectrum analyzer.