Compete to Compute
... required. A fraction of the units will be inactive for each input pattern depending on their total inputs. Viewed this way, WTA is restrictive in that only a fraction of the parameters are utilized for each input pattern. However, we hypothesize that the freedom to use different subsets of parameter ...
... required. A fraction of the units will be inactive for each input pattern depending on their total inputs. Viewed this way, WTA is restrictive in that only a fraction of the parameters are utilized for each input pattern. However, we hypothesize that the freedom to use different subsets of parameter ...
A computational account for the ontogeny of mirror neurons via
... Thus, Hebbian learning explains learning on a local level between single neurons. Hebb postulated the principle as follows: "when an axon of cell A is near enough to excite a cell B and repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or ...
... Thus, Hebbian learning explains learning on a local level between single neurons. Hebb postulated the principle as follows: "when an axon of cell A is near enough to excite a cell B and repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex
... General electrophysiology. Once the electrodes were located in GC, recording commenced. When the signals at the current location had degraded, the electrodes were lowered further in GC in 100 !m increments. Throughout the experiment, neural activity was recorded continuously. Differential recordings ...
... General electrophysiology. Once the electrodes were located in GC, recording commenced. When the signals at the current location had degraded, the electrodes were lowered further in GC in 100 !m increments. Throughout the experiment, neural activity was recorded continuously. Differential recordings ...
Rapid Taste Responses in the Gustatory Cortex during Licking
... General electrophysiology. Once the electrodes were located in GC, recording commenced. When the signals at the current location had degraded, the electrodes were lowered further in GC in 100 m increments. Throughout the experiment, neural activity was recorded continuously. Differential recordings ...
... General electrophysiology. Once the electrodes were located in GC, recording commenced. When the signals at the current location had degraded, the electrodes were lowered further in GC in 100 m increments. Throughout the experiment, neural activity was recorded continuously. Differential recordings ...
The Nervous System
... • Dorsal and ventral roots come together, like fibers being joined in a single cable, to form a given spinal nerve. ...
... • Dorsal and ventral roots come together, like fibers being joined in a single cable, to form a given spinal nerve. ...
A17 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... Sensory receptors - transducers that convert various forms of energy in environment into action potentials in neurons. sensory receptors may be: a) neurons (distal tip of peripheral axon of sensory neuron) – e.g. in skin receptors. b) specialized cells (that release neurotransmitter and generate a ...
... Sensory receptors - transducers that convert various forms of energy in environment into action potentials in neurons. sensory receptors may be: a) neurons (distal tip of peripheral axon of sensory neuron) – e.g. in skin receptors. b) specialized cells (that release neurotransmitter and generate a ...
Input evoked nonlinearities in silicon dendritic circuits
... branches can be considered as independent computational units, and NMDA channels located within the branches potentially allow either linear or nonlinear computation depending on the input’s spatio-temporal pattern [1]–[6]. This evidence supports the two-layer model from Poirazi and colleagues [7], ...
... branches can be considered as independent computational units, and NMDA channels located within the branches potentially allow either linear or nonlinear computation depending on the input’s spatio-temporal pattern [1]–[6]. This evidence supports the two-layer model from Poirazi and colleagues [7], ...
UNC-55, an Orphan Nuclear Hormone Receptor, Orchestrates
... upstream promoter transcription factors (COUP-TFs) and the Drosophila seven-up receptors (SVPs) (Fig. 4). The COUP-TFs include the human and mouse apolipoprotein AI regulatory proteins (ARP-1), which are also known as COUP-TF II (Ladias and ...
... upstream promoter transcription factors (COUP-TFs) and the Drosophila seven-up receptors (SVPs) (Fig. 4). The COUP-TFs include the human and mouse apolipoprotein AI regulatory proteins (ARP-1), which are also known as COUP-TF II (Ladias and ...
What is Artificial Neural Network?
... • I/O pairs: – given the inputs, what should the output be? [“typical” learning problem] ...
... • I/O pairs: – given the inputs, what should the output be? [“typical” learning problem] ...
How Reliably Does a Neuron in the Visual Motion Pathway of fhe Fly
... 1366 Reliability of a fly motion-sensitive neuron on the relationship between the amplitude of the noise and that of the stimulus-induced response component ('SIRC'). In a normal behavioural situation the animal's own actions and reactions have immediate consequences on its sensory input. Therefore ...
... 1366 Reliability of a fly motion-sensitive neuron on the relationship between the amplitude of the noise and that of the stimulus-induced response component ('SIRC'). In a normal behavioural situation the animal's own actions and reactions have immediate consequences on its sensory input. Therefore ...
Training
... der Malsburg (explain neurobiological details) and Kohonen ( a more general than the first model in the sense that it is capable of performing data reduction). ...
... der Malsburg (explain neurobiological details) and Kohonen ( a more general than the first model in the sense that it is capable of performing data reduction). ...
neuralnet: Training of neural networks
... the package datasets to illustrate its application. This data set contains data of a case-control study that investigated infertility after spontaneous and induced abortion (Trichopoulos et al., 1976). The data set consists of 248 observations, 83 women, who were infertile (cases), and 165 women, wh ...
... the package datasets to illustrate its application. This data set contains data of a case-control study that investigated infertility after spontaneous and induced abortion (Trichopoulos et al., 1976). The data set consists of 248 observations, 83 women, who were infertile (cases), and 165 women, wh ...
Function of Peripheral Olfactory Organs
... Responses to both contact with and loss of sex pheromone filaments by male moths can be as fast as 0.15s [Grapholita rnolesta (Busck), Baker and Haynes 19871,but usually are between 0.3-0.6s [Heliothis virescens (F.), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer), respectively; Vickers ...
... Responses to both contact with and loss of sex pheromone filaments by male moths can be as fast as 0.15s [Grapholita rnolesta (Busck), Baker and Haynes 19871,but usually are between 0.3-0.6s [Heliothis virescens (F.), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and Antheraea polyphemus (Cramer), respectively; Vickers ...
Computational models of reinforcement learning
... known as critic) which determines the long term desirability of a state, based on how much future rewards can be expected for being in that state. The value function may or may not be contingent upon actions taken by the agent. In most models, the output of this function is computed as the Temporal ...
... known as critic) which determines the long term desirability of a state, based on how much future rewards can be expected for being in that state. The value function may or may not be contingent upon actions taken by the agent. In most models, the output of this function is computed as the Temporal ...
Hybrid Scheme for Modeling Local Field Potentials from Point
... to represent the large number of synapses. With current technology and using the largest supercomputers available today, simulations of neural networks comprising up to 109 neurons and 1013 synapses (roughly corresponding to the size of a cat brain) are feasible for simplified model neurons (Diesmann ...
... to represent the large number of synapses. With current technology and using the largest supercomputers available today, simulations of neural networks comprising up to 109 neurons and 1013 synapses (roughly corresponding to the size of a cat brain) are feasible for simplified model neurons (Diesmann ...
What is Motor Neuron
... neuron involvement. However, most patients who initially have only upper motor neuron signs eventually develop lower motor neuron signs and go to have ALS. Thus, to be certain that a patient has PLS they must be followed for 3-4 years to be certain that lower motor neuron signs do not develop. PLS h ...
... neuron involvement. However, most patients who initially have only upper motor neuron signs eventually develop lower motor neuron signs and go to have ALS. Thus, to be certain that a patient has PLS they must be followed for 3-4 years to be certain that lower motor neuron signs do not develop. PLS h ...
Lecture 2: Structure and function of the NS
... Neuronal signaling Within the neuron (conduction) To achieve long distance (several cm), rapid communication (150 m/s), neurons have evolved special abilities for sending electrical signals (Action potentials) ...
... Neuronal signaling Within the neuron (conduction) To achieve long distance (several cm), rapid communication (150 m/s), neurons have evolved special abilities for sending electrical signals (Action potentials) ...
A Self-Organizing Neural Network That Learns to
... a neural network model that learns to detect and represent depth relations, after a period of exposure to motion sequences containing occlusion and disocclusion events. The network’s learning is governed by a new set of learning and activation rules. The network develops two parallel opponent channe ...
... a neural network model that learns to detect and represent depth relations, after a period of exposure to motion sequences containing occlusion and disocclusion events. The network’s learning is governed by a new set of learning and activation rules. The network develops two parallel opponent channe ...
Inhibitory Plasticity Balances Excitation and Inhibition in Sensory
... over 50 trials to the input rates of each signal. In the globally balanced state (Fig. 2B, top) in which inhibitory synapses were distributed so that excitation and inhibition were balanced only on average across all channels, the peristimulus time histogram (PSTH) faithfully reproduced the firing r ...
... over 50 trials to the input rates of each signal. In the globally balanced state (Fig. 2B, top) in which inhibitory synapses were distributed so that excitation and inhibition were balanced only on average across all channels, the peristimulus time histogram (PSTH) faithfully reproduced the firing r ...
muscle stretch reflex
... As the muscle contracts, the muscle undergoes alpha-‐gamma coactivation in order to keep the central region of the intrafusal fiber at a constant length and maintain the tonic firing of action potentials ...
... As the muscle contracts, the muscle undergoes alpha-‐gamma coactivation in order to keep the central region of the intrafusal fiber at a constant length and maintain the tonic firing of action potentials ...
Got diversity? Wiring the fly brain with Dscam
... developing brain by mediating contacts between cells. These contacts elicit signaling events that lead to distinct cellular outputs, which can be broadly characterized as attractive or repulsive (Figure 1). If attractive, they can promote fascicle formation (or bundling) or stimulate synapse formati ...
... developing brain by mediating contacts between cells. These contacts elicit signaling events that lead to distinct cellular outputs, which can be broadly characterized as attractive or repulsive (Figure 1). If attractive, they can promote fascicle formation (or bundling) or stimulate synapse formati ...
The Past, Present, and Future of Cognitive Architectures - ACT-R
... entails discovering and refining mechanisms of cognition and deciding whether they are candidates for incorporation in the architecture itself. Sometimes this even involves expelling mechanisms that have long been assumed in architectures but that have never properly justified empirically. An exampl ...
... entails discovering and refining mechanisms of cognition and deciding whether they are candidates for incorporation in the architecture itself. Sometimes this even involves expelling mechanisms that have long been assumed in architectures but that have never properly justified empirically. An exampl ...
Physiology2 - Sheet#2 - Dr.Loai Alzgoul
... same (both have 3 axons ), so it's not a factor to compare between them. Other factors: Myelination ; heavily myelinated neurons are faster than unmyelinated neurons . Axon's size; bigger axon's size are faster than small axons. PCML pathway is heavily myelinated and has bigger axons in diameter, th ...
... same (both have 3 axons ), so it's not a factor to compare between them. Other factors: Myelination ; heavily myelinated neurons are faster than unmyelinated neurons . Axon's size; bigger axon's size are faster than small axons. PCML pathway is heavily myelinated and has bigger axons in diameter, th ...
The role of early visual cortex in visual integration: a neural model of
... mechanism that can be implemented by the early retinotopic visual areas. On the other hand, when both target and distractors are composed of similar elementary features, the amount of time required to distinguish between them increases linearly with the number of distractors. This is said to suggest ...
... mechanism that can be implemented by the early retinotopic visual areas. On the other hand, when both target and distractors are composed of similar elementary features, the amount of time required to distinguish between them increases linearly with the number of distractors. This is said to suggest ...