Computational modeling of responses in human visual
... In the mid-1800s, biologists began examining the responses in animal brains to localize various stimulus-driven responses. Visual cortex was localized rather early, though not without some serious disputes (1-3). The biologists were joined in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by neurologists an ...
... In the mid-1800s, biologists began examining the responses in animal brains to localize various stimulus-driven responses. Visual cortex was localized rather early, though not without some serious disputes (1-3). The biologists were joined in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by neurologists an ...
Gating of Sensory Input by Spontaneous Cortical Activity
... structure was measured by the correlation across cells of cc between Group 1 responses to the first tone frequency and Group 2 responses to the second. Sequence similarity was plotted as a function of distance between frequencies, based on tonal order. A similar analysis was used to compute how seq ...
... structure was measured by the correlation across cells of cc between Group 1 responses to the first tone frequency and Group 2 responses to the second. Sequence similarity was plotted as a function of distance between frequencies, based on tonal order. A similar analysis was used to compute how seq ...
nerve impulse patterns and reflex control in the motor system
... walking and defensive reactions occurred. The defence reaction, which involves raising and opening the claws, was associated with strong electrical activity in the opener muscle. In the absence of known stimuli usually no activity occurred, but sometimes relatively low frequency 'spontaneous' muscle ...
... walking and defensive reactions occurred. The defence reaction, which involves raising and opening the claws, was associated with strong electrical activity in the opener muscle. In the absence of known stimuli usually no activity occurred, but sometimes relatively low frequency 'spontaneous' muscle ...
Receptive Fields of Second-order Neurons in the Olfactory Bulb of
... present address is The Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts ...
... present address is The Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts ...
Multimodal imaging and the neural basis of EEG and fMRI
... diffuse and also have selective pumps (e.g. the sodiumpotassium pump forces 3Na+ out of the cell and picks up 2K+ into the cell on the return trip) causing a concentration gradient. Because ions have electrical charge, the concentration gradient creates an electrical potential (about -70 millivolt) ...
... diffuse and also have selective pumps (e.g. the sodiumpotassium pump forces 3Na+ out of the cell and picks up 2K+ into the cell on the return trip) causing a concentration gradient. Because ions have electrical charge, the concentration gradient creates an electrical potential (about -70 millivolt) ...
A Small World of Neuronal Synchrony
... called ‘‘small-world’’ properties. A small-world network exhibits a connectivity that constitutes a compromise between random and nearest neighbor regimes resulting in a short average path length despite the predominance of local connections (Watts and Strogatz 1998; Sporns et al. 2004; Bassett and ...
... called ‘‘small-world’’ properties. A small-world network exhibits a connectivity that constitutes a compromise between random and nearest neighbor regimes resulting in a short average path length despite the predominance of local connections (Watts and Strogatz 1998; Sporns et al. 2004; Bassett and ...
Quantitative morphological changes in neurons from the dorsal
... many advantages (Masoro, 1990). Changes found in rodents can lead to an understanding of the processes taking place during human aging (John, 1972). Our investigation was carried out on dLGN neurons from albino rats. The aim was to explore some basic neurobiological questions concerning cell aging a ...
... many advantages (Masoro, 1990). Changes found in rodents can lead to an understanding of the processes taking place during human aging (John, 1972). Our investigation was carried out on dLGN neurons from albino rats. The aim was to explore some basic neurobiological questions concerning cell aging a ...
Time-Dependent Activation of Feed-Forward Inhibition in
... increase in membrane conductance (Monier et al. 2003). This in turn will lead to complex changes in the biophysical integration of synaptic inputs (Chance et al. 2002; Holt and Koch 1997; Kuhn et al. 2004). Little is known about the role of feed-forward inhibition in shaping the receptive field prop ...
... increase in membrane conductance (Monier et al. 2003). This in turn will lead to complex changes in the biophysical integration of synaptic inputs (Chance et al. 2002; Holt and Koch 1997; Kuhn et al. 2004). Little is known about the role of feed-forward inhibition in shaping the receptive field prop ...
Dynamics and Synchronization of Motifs of Neuronal Populations in the Presence
... long-standing theoretical inquiry of neuroscience. The cornerstone of most models tackling this issue relies on the synchronization of neuronal activity. Before we address the problem of synchronization between distant neuronal populations, this chapter contextualizes the field with respect to the e ...
... long-standing theoretical inquiry of neuroscience. The cornerstone of most models tackling this issue relies on the synchronization of neuronal activity. Before we address the problem of synchronization between distant neuronal populations, this chapter contextualizes the field with respect to the e ...
Cholinergic modulation of synaptic properties of cortical layer VI
... mV. The amplitudes of consecutive EPSPs were estimated according to their individual baselines determined as an average voltage measured within the period of 1–2 ms preceding the rising phase of the given postsynaptic potential. The electrical train stimuli were repeated 8–22 times (with 15 s inter- ...
... mV. The amplitudes of consecutive EPSPs were estimated according to their individual baselines determined as an average voltage measured within the period of 1–2 ms preceding the rising phase of the given postsynaptic potential. The electrical train stimuli were repeated 8–22 times (with 15 s inter- ...
Robo1 Regulates the Migration and Laminar Distribution of Upper
... II/III and VI at P1 (Fig. 1D and data not shown). While the level of Robo1 mRNA expression was maintained in deep-layer neurons (layers V and VI), its expression in the upper part of layers II/III was upregulated by P1, and remained high at P3 (Fig. 1D,E). Its expression gradually decreased after P7 ...
... II/III and VI at P1 (Fig. 1D and data not shown). While the level of Robo1 mRNA expression was maintained in deep-layer neurons (layers V and VI), its expression in the upper part of layers II/III was upregulated by P1, and remained high at P3 (Fig. 1D,E). Its expression gradually decreased after P7 ...
Optogenetics in a transparent animal: circuit function in the larval
... genetic modifications. Zebrafish have an archetypal vertebrate brain plan [1] and exhibit a wide range of simple but reliable behaviors. These include a diversity of spontaneous locomotor maneuvers, such as slow forward swims and routine turns [2] and reflex-like responses, such as touch mediated es ...
... genetic modifications. Zebrafish have an archetypal vertebrate brain plan [1] and exhibit a wide range of simple but reliable behaviors. These include a diversity of spontaneous locomotor maneuvers, such as slow forward swims and routine turns [2] and reflex-like responses, such as touch mediated es ...
Modeling multiple time scale firing rate adaptation in a neural
... neocortical neurons, rate adaptation lacks clear functional significance at the network or circuit level. Several factors may contribute to this. Conceptually the details of rate adaptation can be deceptively difficult to understand (Benda and Herz 2003), computational modeling of multiple time scal ...
... neocortical neurons, rate adaptation lacks clear functional significance at the network or circuit level. Several factors may contribute to this. Conceptually the details of rate adaptation can be deceptively difficult to understand (Benda and Herz 2003), computational modeling of multiple time scal ...
Artificial neural networks and their application in biological and
... method for ANN training is a combination of the steepest descent method (Rumelhart et al. 1986) and the Gauss–Newton method (Osborne 1992). On the other hand SOMs contains a set of artificial neurons arranged on 2 or 3 dimensional grids. These ANNs learn on their own through unsupervised competitive ...
... method for ANN training is a combination of the steepest descent method (Rumelhart et al. 1986) and the Gauss–Newton method (Osborne 1992). On the other hand SOMs contains a set of artificial neurons arranged on 2 or 3 dimensional grids. These ANNs learn on their own through unsupervised competitive ...
Disentanglement of local field potential sources by independent
... independent components that have non-Gaussian distributions. The above discussed LFP model (1) satisfies these assumptions. Thus we can apply ICA over previously cleaned LFPs (3), obtaining matrix of voltage loadings V and activations of the generators s(t). There are several ICA algorithms, which d ...
... independent components that have non-Gaussian distributions. The above discussed LFP model (1) satisfies these assumptions. Thus we can apply ICA over previously cleaned LFPs (3), obtaining matrix of voltage loadings V and activations of the generators s(t). There are several ICA algorithms, which d ...
Broken Mirrors: A Theory of Autism
... w h at h a s a l l t h is to do with autism? In the late 1990s our group at U.C.S.D. noted that mirror neurons appear to be performing precisely the same functions that seem to be disrupted in autism. If the mirror neuron system is indeed involved in the interpretation of complex intentions, then a ...
... w h at h a s a l l t h is to do with autism? In the late 1990s our group at U.C.S.D. noted that mirror neurons appear to be performing precisely the same functions that seem to be disrupted in autism. If the mirror neuron system is indeed involved in the interpretation of complex intentions, then a ...
Remapping of Border Ownership in the Visual Cortex
... Stimuli and experimental design. Stimuli were generated with Open Inventor on a Pentium 4 Linux workstation with NVIDIA GeForce 6800 graphics card using the anti-aliasing feature of the software and were presented on a 21-inch EIZO FlexScan T965 color monitor with 1600 ⫻ 1200 resolution at 72 Hz ref ...
... Stimuli and experimental design. Stimuli were generated with Open Inventor on a Pentium 4 Linux workstation with NVIDIA GeForce 6800 graphics card using the anti-aliasing feature of the software and were presented on a 21-inch EIZO FlexScan T965 color monitor with 1600 ⫻ 1200 resolution at 72 Hz ref ...
Chapter Two - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... particular spots on the brain could produce memories recalled by the patient in cinematic detail. Another patient recalled a small-town baseball game that included a boy trying to crawl under a fence. Another woman recalled a melody each time a certain point on the cortex was stimulated. The lesson ...
... particular spots on the brain could produce memories recalled by the patient in cinematic detail. Another patient recalled a small-town baseball game that included a boy trying to crawl under a fence. Another woman recalled a melody each time a certain point on the cortex was stimulated. The lesson ...
Human Anatomy - Fisiokinesiterapia
... Innervate organs through specific axon bundles called autonomic plexuses. Communication by chemical messengers, called neurotransmitters. specific in each division of the autonomic nervous system Usually all organs are innervated by both divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Maintains homeostas ...
... Innervate organs through specific axon bundles called autonomic plexuses. Communication by chemical messengers, called neurotransmitters. specific in each division of the autonomic nervous system Usually all organs are innervated by both divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Maintains homeostas ...
Human Anatomy, First Edition McKinley&O'Loughlin
... Innervate organs through specific axon bundles called autonomic plexuses. Communication by chemical messengers, called neurotransmitters. specific in each division of the autonomic nervous system Usually all organs are innervated by both divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Maintains homeostas ...
... Innervate organs through specific axon bundles called autonomic plexuses. Communication by chemical messengers, called neurotransmitters. specific in each division of the autonomic nervous system Usually all organs are innervated by both divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Maintains homeostas ...
Reward-Dependent Spatial Selectivity of Anticipatory Activity in
... a memory-guided saccade task, in which only one out of four directions was rewarded in each block of trials, we found that a group of neurons in the monkey caudate nucleus (CD) showed activity before presentation of an instruction cue stimulus. Among 329 CD neurons that were related to memory-guided ...
... a memory-guided saccade task, in which only one out of four directions was rewarded in each block of trials, we found that a group of neurons in the monkey caudate nucleus (CD) showed activity before presentation of an instruction cue stimulus. Among 329 CD neurons that were related to memory-guided ...
Computing Action Potentials by Phase Interference in
... tory period of one action potential colliding and interfering with another where axons come together at branches and on the axon hillock. The computational information that can be stored by the action potential does not follow the functional phases of the neurophysiological action potential but foll ...
... tory period of one action potential colliding and interfering with another where axons come together at branches and on the axon hillock. The computational information that can be stored by the action potential does not follow the functional phases of the neurophysiological action potential but foll ...