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New Meningitis Vaccine Keeps Your Teens Safer
New Meningitis Vaccine Keeps Your Teens Safer

... to your provider to see if your children are in any of those groups. It is important to make sure everyone spending time around infants younger than six months is vaccinated to help protect them since they cannot be vaccinated. Many people confuse influenza with “the stomach flu” which is a stomach ...
What You Should Know About Chicken Pox
What You Should Know About Chicken Pox

... chickenpox before they are school-aged. A vaccine against chickenpox is now available. Although chickenpox is not a serious disease for most children, those whose immune systems are impaired (e.g., newborns and persons who are on chemotherapy for cancer, have AIDS, or take steroids like cortisone or ...
Two Outbreaks of Illness due to E. coli O157:H7 in Dublin Sporadic
Two Outbreaks of Illness due to E. coli O157:H7 in Dublin Sporadic

... An influenza outbreak has been reported in a school in Dublin. The outbreak is being investigated and managed by the Department of Public Health, Eastern Regional Health Authority. In mid-late September a number of children and a staff member were ill with a flu-like illness. Samples from 7 cases we ...
lentiviruses in ungulates. i. general features, history and prevalence
lentiviruses in ungulates. i. general features, history and prevalence

... became endemic for Indonesia that was accompanied by a significant reduction of morbidity and mortality rates (Ramachandran, 1997). BIV is causing lethal oncological disease only in few cases but the immunodeficiency that develops throughout this infection makes the animals more susceptible to other ...
diagnose en surveillance van infectieuze aandoeningen diagnostic
diagnose en surveillance van infectieuze aandoeningen diagnostic

... radiological or bacteriological evidence of active disease, the new diagnostic tests recently commercialized are the IGRA’s (Interferon-Gamma Release Assays). These in vitro tests are more specific than the classical tuberculin skin test and give less false positives. They may be used in conjunction ...
Anthrax: Biology of Bacillus anthracis - ePrints@IISc
Anthrax: Biology of Bacillus anthracis - ePrints@IISc

... ras-MAPKK pathway5 in athymic mice (mice lacking Tcell function due to absence of thymus since embryonic stage). Thus there is a potential for it being used as an anti-cancer drug in the near future. Recently, the crystal structure6 of the LF has been resolved at 2.2 Å. The molecule has dimensions o ...
The Role of Providers and Health Plans in Infectious Disease
The Role of Providers and Health Plans in Infectious Disease

... O157:H7 infection, a reportable condition in Washington, and began an outbreak investigation. Within 1 week, the Department had identified hamburgers from a fastfood restaurant as the cause of the outbreak, and the chain voluntarily recalled all hamburger meat from its restaurants in Washington. Thi ...
Emerging infectious diseases: opportunities at the human
Emerging infectious diseases: opportunities at the human

... Kenyan economy through severe losses to our collective ability to combat EID threats. influenza viruses, for example, are not only agriculture, human health and other sectors, Mechanisms for the emergence of new transmitted from animals to people, but such as transport (Rich and Wanyoike infections ...
Poultry Serology
Poultry Serology

... with numbered wing bands.  These individually identified birds (the sentinels) are then periodically bled according to a specific bleeding schedule to monitor their status for the specified disease/s. ...
Biosafety Application
Biosafety Application

... SECTIONS: III A III B III C III D..............must receive approval from BC before initiation of experiments III E.....................................………… must notify BC simultaneously upon commencement of research III F*......................................………. exempt from NIH guidelines for rec ...
PDF - Medical Journal of Australia
PDF - Medical Journal of Australia

... Tetanus toxoid has always presented an interesting situation because it is somewhat different. Originally released in 1914, the prime culprit for tetanus is the toxin produced by Clostridium bacteria. Tetanus is the one vaccination that always seems to be given when someone presents with traumatic i ...
Outline - Cengage
Outline - Cengage

... C. Tuberculosis kills about 1.7 million people per year and infects about 9 million annually. 1. Tuberculosis is a silent global epidemic, since many people do not know that they have been infected. 2. Several factors account for the recent increase in TB: a. lack of screening, especially in develop ...
MYTHS AND REALITIES OF EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE
MYTHS AND REALITIES OF EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE

... • Ebola, supposedly does not travel through the air, making it harder to transmit than other pathogens that cause epidemics such as the Influenza virus. • It has been established that with good health care practices, the disease can be contained and may not be as vicious a killer as other infections ...
Bacteria and Viruses
Bacteria and Viruses

... • Anthrax is an acute disease in humans and animals caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which is highly lethal in some forms. There are effective vaccines against anthrax, and some forms of the disease respond well to antibiotic treatment. • The anthrax bacillus is one of only a few that can ...
UC Biosafety Manual Third Edition
UC Biosafety Manual Third Edition

... laboratories and clinical areas handling human blood, body fluids, non-human primate material, or even human cell lines that have been screened for pathogens should practice universal precautions, an approach to infection control wherein all human blood and certain human body fluids are treated as ...
viral hemorrhagic fevers - the County of Santa Clara
viral hemorrhagic fevers - the County of Santa Clara

... Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and Bioterrorism Many viral hemorrhagic fevers are considered possible bioterrorism agents because they are highly infectious, can be spread through the air as an aerosol or spray and would cause serious illness and fear in the population. In the event of a bioterrorist atta ...
Five components of DOTS
Five components of DOTS

... Segmentation - diagnostic question vs. health system level ...
The History of Science
The History of Science

... Previously, people thought that bacteria arose in sick animals AFTER infection. However, Robert Koch (1843 - 1910) proved that microscopic pathogens cause disease. ...
Monitoring EU Emerging Infectious Disease Risk Due to Climate
Monitoring EU Emerging Infectious Disease Risk Due to Climate

... in the EU. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is best surveyed through reporting of serologically confirmed human cases. Establishing surveillance for the introduction of new vector species into the EU could contribute substantially to infectious disease control, particularly when linked with surveillance ...
Bali fact sheet
Bali fact sheet

... Childhood immunisation coverage in many developing countries is not good. As such, travellers under the age of 40 years should have their measles, mumps & rubella immunisation completed. Those over the age of 40 years are most likely to have long term immunity from previous exposure as a child. ...
Causality in Epidemiology
Causality in Epidemiology

... Cause: A cause of a disease is an event, condition, or characteristics that plays an essential role in producing an occurrence of the disease. Rothman points out that the cause of any effect must consist of a constellation of components that act in concert. Sufficient cause: A set of minimal conditi ...
The Smallpox Vaccine
The Smallpox Vaccine

... killers of mankind, probably accounting for more deaths than influenza, plague, or any other infectious disease. Smallpox causes skin lesions and scabs, leading to fever, a collapse of the immune system, and general organ failure. Death occurs in about 30% of infected people. There is no specific Sm ...
EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE THE DEADLY MENACE
EBOLA VIRUS DISEASE THE DEADLY MENACE

... Gabon, Sudan, Ivory Coast, Uganda and Nigeria. ...
Viral gastroenteritis
Viral gastroenteritis

...  Unenveloped, with 12-fibres one at each vertix.  The viral genome is ds-DNA.  Replicate in the nucleus.  49 distinct types, grouped into 6-subgenera (A-F).  Cause diarrhea in infants and young children . ...
Chronic disease prevention: A life-cycle
Chronic disease prevention: A life-cycle

... include that of amino acids (like arginine, important for arterial function),14 micronutrients (like vitamins B6, B12 and folic acid leading to homocysteinaemia, thrombosis and arterial damage)15 and phytochemicals (which are required from a spectrum of foods for at least their antioxidant, if not o ...
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Bioterrorism



Bioterrorism is terrorism involving the intentional release or dissemination of biological agents. These agents are bacteria, viruses, or toxins, and may be in a naturally occurring or a human-modified form. For the use of this method in warfare, see biological warfare.
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