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Animal Body Plans
Animal Body Plans

... Animal body plans have evolved over time §  Many reflect ancient innovations – traits that have been conserved over evolutionary time §  Gastrulation is under molecular control by Hox genes §  Most animals (and only animals) have Hox genes that regulate the development of body form §  the Hox fa ...
Pseudocoelomate animals
Pseudocoelomate animals

... complete mesoderm lining allows organs to be attached to each other so that they can be suspended in a particular order while still being able to move freely within the cavity. Most animals with bilateral symmetry are coelomates. This fluid filled sac allows for the growth and movement of internal o ...
The Role of D1 Dopamine Receptors on Incentive Salience Attribution
The Role of D1 Dopamine Receptors on Incentive Salience Attribution

... SUMMER RESEARCH AND CREATIVITY GRANTS obtaining a goal-tracking response was increased. These results suggest that the D1 receptor plays an important role in the attribution of incentive salience to reward-associated stimuli. Given that both the SCH-23390- and saline- treated animals responded simi ...
Animal Introduction Powerpoint
Animal Introduction Powerpoint

... Ventral - the underside Dorsal - the back of the animal; the side opposite the ventral side. The vertebral column of vertebrates is on the dorsal side of the animal. Lateral - toward the side Median - toward the middle Anterior - the head end Posterior - the end opposite the head end Caudal - toward ...
The Animal Kingdom - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
The Animal Kingdom - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

... 4. Complete “Reflect on your Learning” Pg 406 1,2, and 3a,b in your notebook. 5. What characteristics make an organism part of the animal kingdom? 6. Differentiate between an invertebrate and a vertebrate. Animals are generally classified using the following features:  Body organization: Does the a ...
BIOSC 041 Overview of Animal Diversity: Animal Body Plans
BIOSC 041 Overview of Animal Diversity: Animal Body Plans

... Animal body plans have evolved over time §  Many reflect ancient innovations – traits that have been conserved over evolutionary time §  Gastrulation is under molecular control by Hox genes §  Most animals (and only animals) have Hox genes that regulate the development of body form §  the Hox fa ...
Chapter 7: Animals and Infection Control
Chapter 7: Animals and Infection Control

... Pets may enhance the experience of pupils in schools. However, some animals including exotic species such as reptiles, fish or birds that are often kept as pets can be a source of human infection. Infections that are passed from animals to humans are known as zoonoses. Some people such as pregnant w ...
CH 32 Animal Body Plans_small.pptx
CH 32 Animal Body Plans_small.pptx

... Animals may be categorized according to body plan- a set of morphological and developmental traits shared by a group: §  Type of symmetry §  Certain types of tissues §  Type of body cavity §  Protostome vs deuterostome development ...
Document
Document

... Animals respond to their environment using: Receptor cells = sound, light, external stimuli Nerve cells => nervous system ...
Z - Characteristics of Animals and Body Plans
Z - Characteristics of Animals and Body Plans

... • As the first cells of most animals develop, they differentiate into specialized cells that are organized into tissues. A tissue is a group of cells that perform a similar function. ...
Introduction to Animals symmetry 1st ppt
Introduction to Animals symmetry 1st ppt

... Mating and Mating Behaviors ...
Characteristics to Classify Animals
Characteristics to Classify Animals

... between these two layers. making them triploblastic. ...
Executive Function and Higher-Order Cognition
Executive Function and Higher-Order Cognition

... given. The interval between the warning and trigger signals is referred to as a foreperiod. Response time can also be influenced by repetition of stimuli or responses or by success in previous trials. To explain this variation, one can hypothesize a process that transpires after an instruction or wa ...
Ch 19
Ch 19

... Among protists, choanoflagellates most likely resemble the last single-celled ancestor of animals ...
to the PDF file
to the PDF file

... 1> Troop - Did you know that apes are considered to be the most intelligent of all the animals on earth? 2> Mess - Iguanas can stay underwater for approximately 28 minutes! 3> Owls - A herd is the collective noun for both Giraffes and Ibexes! Owls, however, are called a parliament! 4> Wolves - Wolve ...
Biol 211 (2) Chapter 33 KEY
Biol 211 (2) Chapter 33 KEY

... many those species have been described and given scientific names? a. May be as high as 100-200 million animal species on Earth currently b. Only about 1.3 million have been described/named 2. List at least three characteristics of animals. What is a key difference between animals and fungi? a. All ...
Chapter Thirty-Two: An Overview of Animal Diversity
Chapter Thirty-Two: An Overview of Animal Diversity

... organic materials as a source of food), eukaryotes (organism with bound cell organelles and nucleus) that develop from embryonic layers. Animals have several distinguishing characteristics: (1) .Nutrition: Plants are “autotrophic” meaning they produce their own found from organic molecules through p ...
Introduction to Kingdom Animalia
Introduction to Kingdom Animalia

... • Most systematists agree that the animal kingdom is monophyletic • By the early Cambrian period (about 550 mya), virtually all known animal phyla had evolved from the first animals of the late Precambrian ...
document
document

... Segmentation Segmentation in body structure underlies the organization of all advanced animals. ...
Animal Body Systems
Animal Body Systems

... Segmentation Segmentation in body structure underlies the organization of all advanced animals. ...
animals
animals

... Segmentation Segmentation in body structure underlies the organization of all advanced animals. ...
Introduction to Animal Diversity
Introduction to Animal Diversity

...  Ingest organic molecules and digest them via enzymes  Cell structure and specialization  Multicellular with structural proteins (collagen) for support  Muscle and nervous tissue to send signals and allow mobility  Reproduction and development  Reproduce sexually with diploid (2n) stage as dom ...
Chapter 32 Notes
Chapter 32 Notes

... distinguish between ancestral and derived traits in various animal groups.  Modern phylogenetic systematics is based on the identification of clades, monophyletic sets of taxa defined by shared derived features unique to those taxa and their common ancestor.  This creates a phylogenetic tree that ...
Zoologist - Career Centre
Zoologist - Career Centre

... On average, zoologists, classified under life scientists, can expect to earn between $1 500 and $1 999 per week ($78 000 and $103 999 per year), depending on the organisation they work for, and their level of experience. As a zoologist develops their skills, their earning potential will generally in ...
animal-notes-ch-32
animal-notes-ch-32

... * Belzer said: In most other groups, the blastula undergoes more complicated rearrangement. It first invaginates to form a gastrula with a digestive chamber, and two separate germ layers - an external ectoderm and an internal endoderm. In most cases, a mesoderm also develops between them. These germ ...
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Emotion in animals



Emotions in animals are the subjective feelings and emotions experienced by nonhuman animals. Emotions may be described as subjective, conscious experiences characterized primarily by psychophysiological expressions, biological reactions, and mental states.Charles Darwin was one of the first scientists to write about the existence and nature of emotions in nonhuman animals. His observational and sometimes anecdotal approach has developed into a more robust, hypothesis-driven, scientific approach. General hypotheses relating to correlates between humans and non-human animals also support the claim that non-human animals may feel emotions and that human emotions evolved from the same mechanisms. Several tests, such as cognitive bias tests and learned helplessness models, have been developed. Cognitive biases (feelings of optimism or pessimism) have been shown in a wide range of species including rats, dogs, cats, rhesus macaques, sheep, chicks, starlings, pigs and honeybees.Some behaviourists claim stimulus–response models provide a sufficient explanation for animal behaviours that have been described as emotional, and that it is unnecessary to postulate that animals are conscious. Other behaviourists further question whether animals feel emotions on the grounds that emotions aren't universal even among humans, that interpretations of animal behaviour are anthropomorphic, and that definitions of emotions lack robustness.
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