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Chapter 8: Circulation
Chapter 8: Circulation

... both atriums contract at the same time. Then, both ventricles contract at the same time. A one-way valve separates each atrium from the ventricle below it. The blood flows only in one direction from an atrium to a ventricle, then from a ventricle into a blood vessel. A wall prevents blood from flowi ...
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Recombinant Activated Factor VII Significantly Reduces Transfusion
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Cadet Name: Date: 1. (U4C2L3:F1) Your friend receives a deep cu

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Section 3: Explanatory Tables and Budgeted
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Detection of HBV DNA in HBsAg Negative Normal Blood Donors

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ABO Blood Groups and Cardiovascular Diseases
ABO Blood Groups and Cardiovascular Diseases

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Assessing the risk of blood donations in metropolitan France being

... Introduction Many countries are currently affected by the Zika virus in South America, Central America and the Caribbean, and to a lesser extent, countries in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific [1]. This virus is mainly transmitted by mosquitoes but may also be spread, albeit much more rarely, through se ...
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Blood type



A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). These antigens may be proteins, carbohydrates, glycoproteins, or glycolipids, depending on the blood group system. Some of these antigens are also present on the surface of other types of cells of various tissues. Several of these red blood cell surface antigens can stem from one allele (or an alternative version of a gene) and collectively form a blood group system.Blood types are inherited and represent contributions from both parents. A total of 35 human blood group systems are now recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT). The two most important ones are ABO and the RhD antigen; they determine someone's blood type (A, B, AB and O, with +, − or Null denoting RhD status).Many pregnant women carry a fetus with a blood type which is different from their own, which is not a problem. What can matter is whether the baby is RhD positive or negative. Mothers who are RhD- and carry a RhD+ baby can form antibodies against fetal RBCs. Sometimes these maternal antibodies are IgG, a small immunoglobulin, which can cross the placenta and cause hemolysis of fetal RBCs, which in turn can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn called erythroblastosis fetalis, an illness of low fetal blood counts that ranges from mild to severe. Sometimes this is lethal for the fetus; in these cases it is called hydrops fetalis.
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