6 Control of Ventilation and Respiratory Muscles
... Receptors in the respiratory muscles themselves also are very important: tendon organs that sense changes in tension, muscle spindles that sense changes in muscle length, and unmyelinated small afferent fibers that sense metabolic-inflammatory prod ucts. These somatic receptors provide information ...
... Receptors in the respiratory muscles themselves also are very important: tendon organs that sense changes in tension, muscle spindles that sense changes in muscle length, and unmyelinated small afferent fibers that sense metabolic-inflammatory prod ucts. These somatic receptors provide information ...
File
... most serious types of brachial plexus injuries, called avulsions, when the nerve root has been torn out of the spinal cord. ...
... most serious types of brachial plexus injuries, called avulsions, when the nerve root has been torn out of the spinal cord. ...
Acoustic-Motor Reflexes - Neurobiology of Hearing
... Up to two months of life, when a baby is startled, its arms extend forwards with the palms upwards and the thumbs flexed. This reflex occurs when a baby is startled by an intense sound or it feels as though it were falling. It is specifically termed the moro reflex Sometimes babies are startled by ...
... Up to two months of life, when a baby is startled, its arms extend forwards with the palms upwards and the thumbs flexed. This reflex occurs when a baby is startled by an intense sound or it feels as though it were falling. It is specifically termed the moro reflex Sometimes babies are startled by ...
facial nerve
... • The glossopharyngeal (IX) exits the brainstem out from the sides of the upper medulla, just rostral (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve (X). CN X is passes through the neck & thorax to the abdomen. CN IX is responsible for swallowing, taste & sensation to the pharynx. CN X is responsible for H ...
... • The glossopharyngeal (IX) exits the brainstem out from the sides of the upper medulla, just rostral (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve (X). CN X is passes through the neck & thorax to the abdomen. CN IX is responsible for swallowing, taste & sensation to the pharynx. CN X is responsible for H ...
Name
... specialized cell which is stimulated by a change in the environment. For example, some receptors in the skin are sensitive to heat, others to pressure, and so on. If stimulation of the receptor was significant enough to initiate an action potential in the afferent (sensory) neuron, the signal is tra ...
... specialized cell which is stimulated by a change in the environment. For example, some receptors in the skin are sensitive to heat, others to pressure, and so on. If stimulation of the receptor was significant enough to initiate an action potential in the afferent (sensory) neuron, the signal is tra ...
Neurological Principles and Rehabilitation of Action Disorders
... cup without actually moving, it is possible that a motor command is generated but is only sent to activate the forward model and not the body. This would result in a prediction of the sensory feedback that would likely accompany the movement but in the complete absence of any actual feedback . Such ...
... cup without actually moving, it is possible that a motor command is generated but is only sent to activate the forward model and not the body. This would result in a prediction of the sensory feedback that would likely accompany the movement but in the complete absence of any actual feedback . Such ...
15-2 Sensory Receptors
... • Sensations arriving at segment of spinal cord can stimulate interneurons that are part of ...
... • Sensations arriving at segment of spinal cord can stimulate interneurons that are part of ...
polyneuronal innervation of the fast muscles of the marine teleost
... (Takeuchi, 1959) provide direct evidence of a polyneuronal innervation by 2-3 axons from a single spinal nerve. Cuypers & Fessard (1954) and later Barets (1961) suggested, on the basis of extracellular recordings, that two spinal nerves innervate the muscles of a myotome. The effects of stimulating ...
... (Takeuchi, 1959) provide direct evidence of a polyneuronal innervation by 2-3 axons from a single spinal nerve. Cuypers & Fessard (1954) and later Barets (1961) suggested, on the basis of extracellular recordings, that two spinal nerves innervate the muscles of a myotome. The effects of stimulating ...
Spinal nerves, cervical, lumbar and sacral plexus
... Dorsal and ventral roots fuse laterally to form spinal nerves Four zones are evident within the gray matter – somatic sensory (SS), visceral sensory (VS), visceral motor (VM), and somatic motor (SM) ...
... Dorsal and ventral roots fuse laterally to form spinal nerves Four zones are evident within the gray matter – somatic sensory (SS), visceral sensory (VS), visceral motor (VM), and somatic motor (SM) ...
The computational and neural basis of voluntary motor control and
... and is generated entirely by the spinal cord. Activity after 100ms has traditionally been viewed as ‘voluntary’, because movement-related EMG can be generated at this time from visual or somatosensory stimuli [40]. The time from 50 to 100 ms is termed the long latency response and involves both spi ...
... and is generated entirely by the spinal cord. Activity after 100ms has traditionally been viewed as ‘voluntary’, because movement-related EMG can be generated at this time from visual or somatosensory stimuli [40]. The time from 50 to 100 ms is termed the long latency response and involves both spi ...
Biomechanics Models Motor Cortex Using Spinal Cord and Limb
... the motorneuron pools (whether such a contribution is achieved through direct or indirect connections to motorneurons). We refer to such neurons as muscle related neurons and assume that these cells include the cortico-motorneurons and, possibly, some of the other neurons in M1. It is expected that ...
... the motorneuron pools (whether such a contribution is achieved through direct or indirect connections to motorneurons). We refer to such neurons as muscle related neurons and assume that these cells include the cortico-motorneurons and, possibly, some of the other neurons in M1. It is expected that ...
Vegetative nervous system
... Some responses (defecation and urination), are processed and controlled at the level of the spinal cord without the involvement of the brain. Higher centers in the brain may consciously inhibit these reflex activities. ...
... Some responses (defecation and urination), are processed and controlled at the level of the spinal cord without the involvement of the brain. Higher centers in the brain may consciously inhibit these reflex activities. ...
PAIN CONTROL THEORIES
... Physiological response produced by activation of specific types of nerve fibers Experienced because of nociceptors being sensitive to extreme mechanical, thermal, & chemical energy. Composed of a variety of discomforts One of the body’s defense mechanism (warns the brain that tissues may be in jeopa ...
... Physiological response produced by activation of specific types of nerve fibers Experienced because of nociceptors being sensitive to extreme mechanical, thermal, & chemical energy. Composed of a variety of discomforts One of the body’s defense mechanism (warns the brain that tissues may be in jeopa ...
Document
... • Pain originating in a visceral structure perceived as being from an area of skin innervated by the same segmental level as the visceral afferent • Results from convergence of somatic & visceral afferents on the same segmental level of the spinal cord • “Cross-talk” in the dorsal horn ...
... • Pain originating in a visceral structure perceived as being from an area of skin innervated by the same segmental level as the visceral afferent • Results from convergence of somatic & visceral afferents on the same segmental level of the spinal cord • “Cross-talk” in the dorsal horn ...
PAIN
... Properties of pain • Pain is a protective reflex • Pain receptors are widely distributed • Commonest symptom • Earliest sign of Morbidity • Non adaptive receptors • Certain viscera insensitive to pain ...
... Properties of pain • Pain is a protective reflex • Pain receptors are widely distributed • Commonest symptom • Earliest sign of Morbidity • Non adaptive receptors • Certain viscera insensitive to pain ...
Chapter 9
... Step 1: Sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are transmitted through the bones of the middle ear to the oval window. Step 2: Movement of the oval ...
... Step 1: Sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are transmitted through the bones of the middle ear to the oval window. Step 2: Movement of the oval ...
Sense Organs
... Student volunteers were immobilized in dark soundproof rooms or suspended in dark chambers of water. In a short time, they experienced visual, auditory, and tactile hallucinations, incoherent thought patterns, deterioration of intellectual performance, and sometimes morbid fear or panic. Similar eff ...
... Student volunteers were immobilized in dark soundproof rooms or suspended in dark chambers of water. In a short time, they experienced visual, auditory, and tactile hallucinations, incoherent thought patterns, deterioration of intellectual performance, and sometimes morbid fear or panic. Similar eff ...
Neuroanatomy
... * How can we differentiate between them ? A-In parkinsonism : if the patient is calm , there will be tremor but when he/she wants to perform an action , the tremor will go away , also in sleep there is no tremor . B- thyrotoxicosis : ask the patient to put his/her hands straight , and put up to them ...
... * How can we differentiate between them ? A-In parkinsonism : if the patient is calm , there will be tremor but when he/she wants to perform an action , the tremor will go away , also in sleep there is no tremor . B- thyrotoxicosis : ask the patient to put his/her hands straight , and put up to them ...
Therapeutic Massage
... the superficial parts of the body with the hand or with an instrument. Mechanical stimulation of the tissues by means of rhythmically applied pressure and stretching. ...
... the superficial parts of the body with the hand or with an instrument. Mechanical stimulation of the tissues by means of rhythmically applied pressure and stretching. ...
L13Spinal Cord Structure Functio13
... Excitation of antagonistic muscles: excitation of contraction of antagonistic muscles (flexion of antagonistic muscles). ...
... Excitation of antagonistic muscles: excitation of contraction of antagonistic muscles (flexion of antagonistic muscles). ...
Pelvic Pain
... Example of Somato-visceral convergence Dogweiller et al 1998 • somatic afferent C-fibres were activated by injecting a pseudo- ...
... Example of Somato-visceral convergence Dogweiller et al 1998 • somatic afferent C-fibres were activated by injecting a pseudo- ...
Document
... through the stylomastoid foramen to the lateral aspect of the face • Mixed nerve with five major branches • Motor functions include facial expression, and the transmittal of autonomic impulses to lacrimal and salivary glands • Sensory function is taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue ...
... through the stylomastoid foramen to the lateral aspect of the face • Mixed nerve with five major branches • Motor functions include facial expression, and the transmittal of autonomic impulses to lacrimal and salivary glands • Sensory function is taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue ...
Central Nervous System - Spinal Cord, Spinal
... receptors and sends impulses to the effectors. 2. Communication with the brain: has bundles/cables of nerve fibers (tracts) that take sensory impulses up to the brain or motor impulses down from the brain. 3. Movement: muscle contraction for basic movement is controlled by the spinal cord…although t ...
... receptors and sends impulses to the effectors. 2. Communication with the brain: has bundles/cables of nerve fibers (tracts) that take sensory impulses up to the brain or motor impulses down from the brain. 3. Movement: muscle contraction for basic movement is controlled by the spinal cord…although t ...
Eps homology domain endosomal transport proteins differentially
... layer, internal nuclear layer, and ganglion cell layer), the basal membrane of the endometrium and uterine muscle cells, granulosa cells after ovulation, skeletal muscle, kidney, and spermatocytes, but it has not been found in spleen, liver, or brain [3]. The EHD1 protein has been studied in multipl ...
... layer, internal nuclear layer, and ganglion cell layer), the basal membrane of the endometrium and uterine muscle cells, granulosa cells after ovulation, skeletal muscle, kidney, and spermatocytes, but it has not been found in spleen, liver, or brain [3]. The EHD1 protein has been studied in multipl ...
Proprioception
Proprioception (/ˌproʊpri.ɵˈsɛpʃən/ PRO-pree-o-SEP-shən), from Latin proprius, meaning ""one's own"", ""individual,"" and capio, capere, to take or grasp, is the sense of the relative position of neighbouring parts of the body and strength of effort being employed in movement. In humans, it is provided by proprioceptors in skeletal striated muscles (muscle spindles) and tendons (Golgi tendon organ) and the fibrous capsules in joints. It is distinguished from exteroception, by which one perceives the outside world, and interoception, by which one perceives pain, hunger, etc., and the movement of internal organs. The brain integrates information from proprioception and from the vestibular system into its overall sense of body position, movement, and acceleration. The word kinesthesia or kinæsthesia (kinesthetic sense) strictly means movement sense, but has been used inconsistently to refer either to proprioception alone or to the brain's integration of proprioceptive and vestibular inputs.