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Water SA
Water SA

... SYBR Green is a non-specific dye which binds to any double-stranded DNA. Therefore, it will not only bind to PCR products but to non-specific products that have been amplified, as well as primer dimers.  Due to this non-specificity, SYBR Green requires more time for optimisation than protocols based ...
Homology Modelling
Homology Modelling

...  Aim is to find the fold of native protein by simulating the biological process of protein folding.  A VERY DIFFICULT task because a protein chain can fold into millions of different conformations.  Use it only when no detectable homologues are available. ...
A-level Human Biology Question paper Unit 5 - Inheritance
A-level Human Biology Question paper Unit 5 - Inheritance

... (b) In mice, two genes affecting coat colour are on different chromosomes. One gene controls whether there is any black pigment in the hairs. The dominant allele of this gene, B, results in black fur. The recessive allele, b, results in white fur. The second gene controls banding of the fur. The dom ...
Dr Noor Lita Adam 260609
Dr Noor Lita Adam 260609

... of thyroid hormonogenesis tend to have an autosomal recessive form of inheritance consistent with a single gene mutation. It is not surprising, therefore, that a molecular basis for many of these abnormalities has now been identified. These include mutations in the genes for the TSH receptor, sodium ...
The RAGNYA fold: a novel fold with multiple topological variants
The RAGNYA fold: a novel fold with multiple topological variants

... complexes. ...
Genomic Research to Identify Novel Pathways in the Development
Genomic Research to Identify Novel Pathways in the Development

Application Note 129 – Eppendorf MixMate
Application Note 129 – Eppendorf MixMate

... yesterday they were still using 0.5 ml PCR tubes, now they are using 96- or 384-well PCR plates. Whereas only a few years ago, 10 ml tubes were still being used for bacterial cultures, now deepwell plates are the norm. However, these new formats and their special geometries, together with the smalle ...
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

... 2. Carbohydrates serve as fuel and building material 3. Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules 4. Proteins include a diversity of structures, resulting in a wide range of functions 5. Nucleic acids store, transmit, and help express hereditary information ...
Structure, function and selective inhibition of bacterial acetyl
Structure, function and selective inhibition of bacterial acetyl

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20656341304a5aa0f70818a

Eurofins Legionella PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Technical
Eurofins Legionella PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) Technical

... Advantages of Using the Legionella PCR Method Rather than the Culture Technique The traditional Legionella culture technique takes 10 days to arrive at a confirmed negative result as Legionella bacteria are slow growing in the laboratory. A further 3 days are required for confirmation in the case of ...
Invagination centers within the Drosophila stomatogastric nervous
Invagination centers within the Drosophila stomatogastric nervous

... Fig. 1. The SNS of late Drosophila embryos. (A) Diagram illustrating the components of the SNS (red) and their relative positions with respect to morphological landmarks such as different portions of the gut and brain as seen by mAb22C10 or anti-fasciclin II antibody stainings (B-H); anterior is lef ...
Math of Genetics - College of William & Mary
Math of Genetics - College of William & Mary

...  Pepper color is controlled by two different genes  The first gene controls the expression of red pigment  The dominant allele (R) indicates the presence of red ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... which can be produced in an industrial scale. However, PHB is a rather brittle and inflexible biopolymer which compromised in its range of applications. To increase the utility of these biopolymers it is necessary to produce PHAs with different monomer compositions, e.g. longer chain length for impr ...
meiosis
meiosis

... – If pea plant, for example, produces 14 chromosomes – Gametes would each contain 14 chromosomes – Each offspring would have 28 – Offspring of next generation would have 56 ...
Aucsia Gene Silencing Causes Parthenocarpic Fruit Development in
Aucsia Gene Silencing Causes Parthenocarpic Fruit Development in

... DefH9-iaaM and DefH9-RI-iaaM flower buds are morphologically identical to wild-type buds, except for the ovaries, which are more enlarged than those of controls. To identify differentially expressed genes, we performed a cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) analysis using 32 diffe ...
BMC Microbiology
BMC Microbiology

... Results: The strains produced fatty acid patterns typical for members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Comparative sequence analyses of the 16S rRNA as well as rpoB genes allocated the strains to two well-defined groups within the genus Enterobacter, family Enterobacteriaceae. The analyses indicate ...
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... Fano Protein = ...
Molecular Cell Biology
Molecular Cell Biology

Photoreceptor Biotechnology Matthew Hudson Department of Crop
Photoreceptor Biotechnology Matthew Hudson Department of Crop

... The ability to alter at will the time of year at which a crop flowers or is ready for harvest has obvious potential for crop improvement. By the same means, depending on the organism, it may be possible to control the timing of fruit ripening, tuberization, grain filling and other related traits. Ov ...
Mechanisms of Transcription-Replication
Mechanisms of Transcription-Replication

... the elongation rate for RNA polymerase is just 50 nucleotides (nt) per s (15); i.e., replication is approximately 20-fold faster than transcription. Since the two processes proceed simultaneously, frequent collisions between replication and transcription seem unavoidable (3, 38). Given that both pro ...
Molecular cloning, characterization and gene expression of an
Molecular cloning, characterization and gene expression of an

... 2.4. Gene expression analysis of MrCat mRNA after IHHNV infection For IHHNV induced mRNA expression analysis, the prawns were injected with IHHNV, as described by Dhar et al. [51]. Briefly, IHHNV infected prawn tail tissue, tested positive by nested PCR was homogenized in sterile 2% NaCl (1:10, w/v) ...
Color and Scent: How Single Genes Influence Pollinator Attraction
Color and Scent: How Single Genes Influence Pollinator Attraction

... This raises the question of the genetic basis of the evolution of pollination syndromes. If each of the individual traits is encoded by multiple genes that must coordinately evolve, how is it possible that switches among syndromes happen frequently? To answer this question, it is necessary to identi ...
Gene Name
Gene Name

... encephalopathy (GCE; MIM 605899) may be due to a defect in any one of these enzymes. Same as APEX1 or APEX nuclease (multifunctional DNA repair enzyme) 1. Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that ...
The coiled-coil of the human Rad50 DNA repair protein contains
The coiled-coil of the human Rad50 DNA repair protein contains

... globular ATPase domain made up from the N and C termini of the protein separated by an extensive central region predicted to form a coiled-coil (2). Accumulated recent evidence reveals that Rad50 and other SMC proteins are arranged as intramolecular coiled-coils bringing together the N and C termini ...
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Artificial gene synthesis

Artificial gene synthesis is a method in synthetic biology that is used to create artificial genes in the laboratory. Currently based on solid-phase DNA synthesis, it differs from molecular cloning and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in that the user does not have to begin with preexisting DNA sequences. Therefore, it is possible to make a completely synthetic double-stranded DNA molecule with no apparent limits on either nucleotide sequence or size. The method has been used to generate functional bacterial or yeast chromosomes containing approximately one million base pairs. Recent research also suggests the possibility of creating novel nucleobase pairs in addition to the two base pairs in nature, which could greatly expand the possibility of expanding the genetic code.Synthesis of the first complete gene, a yeast tRNA, was demonstrated by Har Gobind Khorana and coworkers in 1972. Synthesis of the first peptide- and protein-coding genes was performed in the laboratories of Herbert Boyer and Alexander Markham, respectively.Commercial gene synthesis services are now available from numerous companies worldwide, some of which have built their business model around this task. Current gene synthesis approaches are most often based on a combination of organic chemistry and molecular biological techniques and entire genes may be synthesized ""de novo"", without the need for precursor template DNA. Gene synthesis has become an important tool in many fields of recombinant DNA technology including heterologous gene expression, vaccine development, gene therapy and molecular engineering. The synthesis of nucleic acid sequences is often more economical than classical cloning and mutagenesis procedures.
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