• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
- κ Detecting Crosstalk Modules of Combined Networks: the Case for the... B and
- κ Detecting Crosstalk Modules of Combined Networks: the Case for the... B and

Improved Hybrid Clustering and Distance
Improved Hybrid Clustering and Distance

... analysis applications, outliers are often considered as error or noise and are removed once detected. Examples include skewed data values resulting from measurement error, or erroneous values resulting from data entry mistakes. Approaches to detect and remove outliers have been studied by several re ...
Training RBF neural networks on unbalanced data
Training RBF neural networks on unbalanced data

... Assume that the number of samples in class i is Ni. The total number of samples in the data set is N = N I ... Ni + ... N M . The error function shown in eq. 5 can be written as: ...
DBNote08
DBNote08

... Index Options: Bitmaps and Statistics  Bitmap index  A compressed index designed for non-primary key columns. Bit-wise operations can be used to quickly match WHERE criteria. ...
Using formal ontology for integrated spatial data mining
Using formal ontology for integrated spatial data mining

... This theory defines a task ontology for the spatial clustering task. The spatial clustering task, which is a class of clustering task, is a problem of grouping similar spatial objects into classes. ...
Finally, we note that the data in the relational format can also be
Finally, we note that the data in the relational format can also be

Statistical and Machine-Learning Data Mining
Statistical and Machine-Learning Data Mining

... to a Model,” to introduce the machine-learning method of GenIQ and its favorable data mining offshoots. In Chapter 24, I maintain that the machine-learning paradigm, which lets the data define the model, is especially effective with big data. Consequently, I present an exemplar illustration of genet ...
datamining-lect8a
datamining-lect8a

... • There is a tradeoff between the two costs • Very complex models describe the data in a lot of detail but are expensive to describe the model • Very simple models are cheap to describe but it is expensive to describe the data given the model • This is generic idea for finding the right model • We u ...
Detection of Outliers and Hubs Using Minimum Spanning Tree
Detection of Outliers and Hubs Using Minimum Spanning Tree

Predictive Analysis of Users Behaviour in Web Browsing and Pattern
Predictive Analysis of Users Behaviour in Web Browsing and Pattern

... After all this pre-processing, one is ready to mine the resulting database. We have developed a general architecture for Web usage mining. iii) The WEBMINER is a system that implements parts of this general architecture. The architecture divides the Web usage mining process into two main parts. iv) ...
article - Toshihiro Kamishima
article - Toshihiro Kamishima

... information; underestimation is the state in which a classifier has not yet converged; and negative legacy refers to the problems of unfair sampling or labeling in the training data. We also propose measures to quantify the degrees of these causes using mutual information and the Hellinger distance. ...
CLUSTERING AND VISUALIZATION OF EARTHQUAKE DATA IN A
CLUSTERING AND VISUALIZATION OF EARTHQUAKE DATA IN A

Using Background Knowledge to Rank Itemsets
Using Background Knowledge to Rank Itemsets

DM3: Input: Concepts, instances, attributes
DM3: Input: Concepts, instances, attributes

... ordinal attribute with n values to be coded using n–1 boolean attributes ...
DM3: Input: Concepts, instances, attributes
DM3: Input: Concepts, instances, attributes

Course Descriptions BIOST
Course Descriptions BIOST

... STATISTICAL BACKGROUND, HAVE BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF VARIOUS HIGH-THROUGHPUT GENOMIC EXPERIMENTS AND WISH TO LEARN ADVANCED STATISTICAL THEORIES FOR BIOINFORMATICS AND GENOMICS RESEARCH. [Prequisites: Biost 2041 and 2042 or equivalent; proficiency in R programming (Biost 2094 Statistical Computing in R) ...
DM3: Input: Concepts, instances, attributes
DM3: Input: Concepts, instances, attributes

... ordinal attribute with n values to be coded using n–1 boolean attributes ...
IREP++, a Faster Rule Learning Algorithm ∗ Oliver Dain Robert K. Cunningham
IREP++, a Faster Rule Learning Algorithm ∗ Oliver Dain Robert K. Cunningham

Geovisualization of dynamics, movement and change
Geovisualization of dynamics, movement and change

... direct depiction of each record in a data set so as to allow the analyst to extract noteworthy patterns by looking at the displays and interacting with them. However, multifarious data sets of unprecedented size and complexity are accumulating at rapid speed. Effective visual exploration may offer o ...
ppt
ppt

... LSI and pLSI can also be seen as unsupervised clustering methods (spectral clustering): simple variant for k clusters • map each data point into k-dimensional space • assign each point to its highest-value dimension (strongest spectral component) Conversely, we could compute k clusters for the data ...
Scaling Up Data Intensive Scientific Applications to Campus Grids
Scaling Up Data Intensive Scientific Applications to Campus Grids

Two-way Gaussian Mixture Models for High Dimensional
Two-way Gaussian Mixture Models for High Dimensional

Data Mining as Support to Knowledge Management in Marketing
Data Mining as Support to Knowledge Management in Marketing

Preprocessing and Visualization - Fam. Keysers (www.keysers.net)
Preprocessing and Visualization - Fam. Keysers (www.keysers.net)

... can improve our results further by calculating the mean values over each class separately. A promising and hence very popular strategy is to derive the value from its correlation to other attributes. This is done by constructing a model of the attribute and its relationship to other attributes. One ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)

... Cryptography is the science of writing in secret code and is an ancient art[14] .Cryptography is necessary when communicating over any untrusted medium, which includes just about any network, particularly the Internet. Cryptography, then, not only protects data from theft or alteration, but can also ...
< 1 ... 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 ... 505 >

Nonlinear dimensionality reduction



High-dimensional data, meaning data that requires more than two or three dimensions to represent, can be difficult to interpret. One approach to simplification is to assume that the data of interest lie on an embedded non-linear manifold within the higher-dimensional space. If the manifold is of low enough dimension, the data can be visualised in the low-dimensional space.Below is a summary of some of the important algorithms from the history of manifold learning and nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR). Many of these non-linear dimensionality reduction methods are related to the linear methods listed below. Non-linear methods can be broadly classified into two groups: those that provide a mapping (either from the high-dimensional space to the low-dimensional embedding or vice versa), and those that just give a visualisation. In the context of machine learning, mapping methods may be viewed as a preliminary feature extraction step, after which pattern recognition algorithms are applied. Typically those that just give a visualisation are based on proximity data – that is, distance measurements.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report