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unsupervised static discretization methods
unsupervised static discretization methods

... discretization is performed on one attribute at a time, not considering the other attributes. The static discretization is repeated for the other continuous attributes as many times as it is needed. On the contrary, the dynamic discretization method discretizes all attributes at the same time [2]. U ...
Database Reverse Engineering based on Association
Database Reverse Engineering based on Association

There's No Such Thing as Normal Clinical Trials Data, or Is There?
There's No Such Thing as Normal Clinical Trials Data, or Is There?

... PROC REPORT code for both data structures would have to be modified slightly, so the difference would be less apparent. However, if your standard program code was designed in such a way that the PROC REPORT code was written based on the number of transposed variables created, then you would NOT have ...
Data Mining - Faculty of Computer Science
Data Mining - Faculty of Computer Science

... ¤  A collection of tables. Each one has a unique name ¤  A table contains a set of attributes (columns) & tuples (rows). ¤  Each object in a relational table has a unique key and is described Costumers by a set of attribute values. cust_Id Name age income ¤  Data are accessed using database ...
Linguamatics I2E - London Info International
Linguamatics I2E - London Info International

data mining in banking and its applications-a review
data mining in banking and its applications-a review

Data Mining - Department of Computer Science
Data Mining - Department of Computer Science

... 4 x 4 x 3 x 3 x 2 = 288 possible combinations With 14 rules   2.7x1034 possible rule sets ...
There's No Such Thing as Normal Clinical Trials Data, or is There?
There's No Such Thing as Normal Clinical Trials Data, or is There?

Feature Selection with Integrated Relevance and Redundancy
Feature Selection with Integrated Relevance and Redundancy

An Incremental Grid Density-Based Clustering Algorithm
An Incremental Grid Density-Based Clustering Algorithm

... an almost quadratic time complexity for high-dimensional data. In this paper, we present a grid density-based clustering algorithm——GDCA by first partitioning the data space into a number of units, and then dealing with units instead of points. Only those units with the density no less than a given ...
Identification of User Patterns in Social Networks by Data Mining
Identification of User Patterns in Social Networks by Data Mining

... of the social network users are young individuals, many of them are university students. Therefore, these sites are considered to play an active role in the younger generation’s daily life [3], [4]. On the other hand, it has been stated that social networks have a prominent educational context, and ...
Mining Approximate Frequent Itemsets in the Presence of Noise
Mining Approximate Frequent Itemsets in the Presence of Noise

... DRAWBACK Enforces the constraint that all sub-itemsets of a dense itemset must be frequent – will fail to identify larger itemsets that have sufficient support because all sub-itemsets might not have enough support Requires repeated scans of the database ...
Deductive and inductive reasoning on spatio-temporal data
Deductive and inductive reasoning on spatio-temporal data

... such as the comparison between objects, then, cannot be performed by simply comparing their raw observations. To allow the comparison between objects, ...
IT 163
IT 163

... desired outcome or target value, and then analyze the patterns in a data set to determine which factors had the strongest influence on the outcome. For example, if you have a customer list that includes a column that shows the total purchases for each customer over the past year, you could analyze t ...
Data Management
Data Management

... – e.g., What are characteristics of customers likely to default on a bank loan? “Target knows before it shows” – How Target Figured Out A Teen Girl Was Pregnant Before Her Father Did – How Companies Learn Your Secrets: NYTimes ...
Mining Frequent Patterns Without Candidate Generation
Mining Frequent Patterns Without Candidate Generation

Pre-Computation - NUS School of Computing
Pre-Computation - NUS School of Computing

... answered using only the results of query Q2, or we may say Q1 is dependent on Q2. – E.g. (part) ≦(part, customer), (part) ≦(customer), (customer) ≦(part) – Here, relation ‘≦’ is called partial order – All the views (queries) of a cube L and dependence relations ‘≦’ is a ...
Feature Discovery in the Context of Educational Data Mining: An
Feature Discovery in the Context of Educational Data Mining: An

Multiple Sensitive Attributes based Privacy Preserving Data
Multiple Sensitive Attributes based Privacy Preserving Data

... state of the art works along multiple dimensions. Privacy Preserving Data Publishing research is motivated by real world problems which however are far from being solved as there are still challenging issues to be addressed. This study helps to identify challenges, focus on research efforts and high ...
A Hybrid Clustering Algorithm for Outlier Detection in Data
A Hybrid Clustering Algorithm for Outlier Detection in Data

... 2. Related Works ...
Outlier Detection Using High Dimensional Dataset for
Outlier Detection Using High Dimensional Dataset for

... databases. The concept of a similarity alone is not sufficient for clustering such data. The idea of categorical data co occurrence comes to rescue. The algorithms ROCK, SNN, and CACTUS are surveyed in the section Co-Occurrence of Categorical Data. Many other clustering techniques are developed, pri ...
The k-means algorithm
The k-means algorithm

Intelligent and Effective Heart Disease Prediction System using
Intelligent and Effective Heart Disease Prediction System using

... association rules are applied on a medical data set, they produce an extremely large number of rules. Most of such rules are medically irrelevant and the time required to find them can be impractical. In [11], four constraints were proposed to reduce the number of rules: item filtering, attribute gr ...
Using Intelligent Data Analysis in Cancer Care: Benefits
Using Intelligent Data Analysis in Cancer Care: Benefits

... the different cancer diagnosis [15-17]. Proteomic patterns in serum may be show pathological changes in an organ or tissue. Proteomics as a powerful approach help to identify new tumor makers. Data mining techniques are very helpful for uncover the differences in complex proteomic patterns [18]. Mic ...
Briefly on the GUHA method of data mining
Briefly on the GUHA method of data mining

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Nonlinear dimensionality reduction



High-dimensional data, meaning data that requires more than two or three dimensions to represent, can be difficult to interpret. One approach to simplification is to assume that the data of interest lie on an embedded non-linear manifold within the higher-dimensional space. If the manifold is of low enough dimension, the data can be visualised in the low-dimensional space.Below is a summary of some of the important algorithms from the history of manifold learning and nonlinear dimensionality reduction (NLDR). Many of these non-linear dimensionality reduction methods are related to the linear methods listed below. Non-linear methods can be broadly classified into two groups: those that provide a mapping (either from the high-dimensional space to the low-dimensional embedding or vice versa), and those that just give a visualisation. In the context of machine learning, mapping methods may be viewed as a preliminary feature extraction step, after which pattern recognition algorithms are applied. Typically those that just give a visualisation are based on proximity data – that is, distance measurements.
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