Immunogen, antigen, epitope, hapten
... TH cells are “helper cells” that send signals (via cytokines and surface proteins) to other cells of the immune system. The TH cells function as the “brain” of the immune system. ...
... TH cells are “helper cells” that send signals (via cytokines and surface proteins) to other cells of the immune system. The TH cells function as the “brain” of the immune system. ...
Immune System - Biology Junction
... • As B and T cells are maturing in the bone and thymus – Their antigen receptors are tested for possible self-reactivity ...
... • As B and T cells are maturing in the bone and thymus – Their antigen receptors are tested for possible self-reactivity ...
HN proteins of human parainfluenza type 4A virus expressed in cell
... the penetration of paramyxovirus and functional RNA were needed for interferon induction in mouse fibroblasts. On the other hand, the interaction between HN ...
... the penetration of paramyxovirus and functional RNA were needed for interferon induction in mouse fibroblasts. On the other hand, the interaction between HN ...
B Cells
... • As B and T cells are maturing in the bone and thymus – Their antigen receptors are tested for possible self-reactivity ...
... • As B and T cells are maturing in the bone and thymus – Their antigen receptors are tested for possible self-reactivity ...
PDF
... CXCL12b were investigated (Fig. 1). The position of mesodermal and endodermal cells in the embryo is determined by the coordinated movement of these germ layers during gastrulation. The coordination between endoderm and mesoderm migration thus controls the proper location and morphology of the tissu ...
... CXCL12b were investigated (Fig. 1). The position of mesodermal and endodermal cells in the embryo is determined by the coordinated movement of these germ layers during gastrulation. The coordination between endoderm and mesoderm migration thus controls the proper location and morphology of the tissu ...
Human Wharton`s Jelly Stem Cells Have Unique Transcriptome
... animals [10]. There has been concern that teratomas may be induced in humans after transplantation of hESC, hiPSC or NTSC-derived tissues presumably induced by rogue undifferentiated hESCs, hiPSC or NTSCs residing in the derived tissues and this is currently a hurdle that has to be overcome before s ...
... animals [10]. There has been concern that teratomas may be induced in humans after transplantation of hESC, hiPSC or NTSC-derived tissues presumably induced by rogue undifferentiated hESCs, hiPSC or NTSCs residing in the derived tissues and this is currently a hurdle that has to be overcome before s ...
Innate Immune Responses of the Dental Pulp to Caries
... mineralization (47, 48). TGF- is proinflammatory during the initial stage of inflammation and recruits immune cells such as immature DCs (49). During later stages of inflammation, TGF- exhibits anti-inflammatory effects through repression of lymphocyte proliferation, TLR signaling. and the activat ...
... mineralization (47, 48). TGF- is proinflammatory during the initial stage of inflammation and recruits immune cells such as immature DCs (49). During later stages of inflammation, TGF- exhibits anti-inflammatory effects through repression of lymphocyte proliferation, TLR signaling. and the activat ...
Memory CD8 - The Journal of Immunology
... otherwise naive mouse before boosting. Although valuable information has come from these studies, neither of these protocols is useful for expanding T cell responses by vaccination. For the purposes of vaccination, prime-boost regimens (using different vectors for the prime and the boost) have been ...
... otherwise naive mouse before boosting. Although valuable information has come from these studies, neither of these protocols is useful for expanding T cell responses by vaccination. For the purposes of vaccination, prime-boost regimens (using different vectors for the prime and the boost) have been ...
Intertwined pathways of programmed cell death in immunity
... turn, activates effector Caspases-3, -6, and -7, thus achieving a similar end result as that of the intrinsic pathway. A central enigma in understanding the extrinsic pathway is that, in activated T and B cells, it appears to also behave as a survival mechanism, and this is the focus of later sectio ...
... turn, activates effector Caspases-3, -6, and -7, thus achieving a similar end result as that of the intrinsic pathway. A central enigma in understanding the extrinsic pathway is that, in activated T and B cells, it appears to also behave as a survival mechanism, and this is the focus of later sectio ...
Fundamentals I: 10:00-11:00 Scribe: Joan
... -T cells come from the thymus, and B cells come from the bone marrow, but lots of other cells types come from bone marrow (macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, etc.) - It’s a major source of cells involved in immune responses. -Humoral/Soluble components: The most predominate known is antibody ...
... -T cells come from the thymus, and B cells come from the bone marrow, but lots of other cells types come from bone marrow (macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, etc.) - It’s a major source of cells involved in immune responses. -Humoral/Soluble components: The most predominate known is antibody ...
Hemoglobin and Fitness Lab
... but also occurs in other ethnic groups, including people who are of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent. More than 70,000 Americans have sickle cell anemia and about 2 million Americans—and one in every 12 African Americans—have sickle cell trait (this means they carry one gene for the disease, ...
... but also occurs in other ethnic groups, including people who are of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern descent. More than 70,000 Americans have sickle cell anemia and about 2 million Americans—and one in every 12 African Americans—have sickle cell trait (this means they carry one gene for the disease, ...
T Cell Differentiation - The Journal of Immunology
... memory CD8⫹ T cells exist in the literature (12–14). The first model, “stem cell-associated differentiation” (SCAD), assumes that memory cells have properties of stem cells. In this model, during the expansion phase of an immune response, terminally differentiated effector cells are produced by cont ...
... memory CD8⫹ T cells exist in the literature (12–14). The first model, “stem cell-associated differentiation” (SCAD), assumes that memory cells have properties of stem cells. In this model, during the expansion phase of an immune response, terminally differentiated effector cells are produced by cont ...
eCSI Case Discussion
... such as CD15 and CD33, the blasts express markers suggesting monocytic differentiation (CD11c, dual expression of CD64 and CD36, a few cells positive for CD14) • B-lymphoid markers include partial strong expression of CD19, partial expression of CD22, and partial expression of CD79a ...
... such as CD15 and CD33, the blasts express markers suggesting monocytic differentiation (CD11c, dual expression of CD64 and CD36, a few cells positive for CD14) • B-lymphoid markers include partial strong expression of CD19, partial expression of CD22, and partial expression of CD79a ...
Virus-Infected Liver of Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Cells in the Fas
... stable during the first 15 days but thereafter decreases and becomes undetectable 4 wk after the infection. To correlate viral gene expression with liver injury, sera were assayed for the presence of liver enzymes. As shown in Fig. 1, ALT values increase by day 3, peak on day 9, and have decreased b ...
... stable during the first 15 days but thereafter decreases and becomes undetectable 4 wk after the infection. To correlate viral gene expression with liver injury, sera were assayed for the presence of liver enzymes. As shown in Fig. 1, ALT values increase by day 3, peak on day 9, and have decreased b ...
(From the Medicine Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda
... fragments, the defects could be seen as indentations and parts of the rings could be seen as strands extending from the rims of the defects. These defects were 80 to 100 A in diameter, which was significantly different from those produced by human complement; but were qualitatively similar to the de ...
... fragments, the defects could be seen as indentations and parts of the rings could be seen as strands extending from the rims of the defects. These defects were 80 to 100 A in diameter, which was significantly different from those produced by human complement; but were qualitatively similar to the de ...
Article by Onur Boyman et al. Current Opin. Immunol. 2007
... Cytokines that modulate CD8+ T-cell homeostasis. (a) Naı̈ve CD8+ cells depend primarily on low-level signals through contact with IL-7 and major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC-I), which allow them to survive for extended periods with little or no proliferation. This survival is me ...
... Cytokines that modulate CD8+ T-cell homeostasis. (a) Naı̈ve CD8+ cells depend primarily on low-level signals through contact with IL-7 and major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC-I), which allow them to survive for extended periods with little or no proliferation. This survival is me ...
Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in multiple myeloma
... effector cell function, loss of myeloma-reactive effector T-cell populations, and a bone marrow microenvironment that promotes immune escape.35-37 The role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in mediating immune escape in MM and the corresponding therapeutic efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has emerged as an ar ...
... effector cell function, loss of myeloma-reactive effector T-cell populations, and a bone marrow microenvironment that promotes immune escape.35-37 The role of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in mediating immune escape in MM and the corresponding therapeutic efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has emerged as an ar ...
Mechanisms of CD4 T lymphocyte cell death in human
... HIV-2), has reached pandemic proportions. Therefore, it is critical to understand how HIV causes AIDS so that appropriate therapies can be formulated. Primarily, HIV infects and kills CD4+ T lymphocytes, which function as regulators and amplifiers of the immune response. In the absence of effective ...
... HIV-2), has reached pandemic proportions. Therefore, it is critical to understand how HIV causes AIDS so that appropriate therapies can be formulated. Primarily, HIV infects and kills CD4+ T lymphocytes, which function as regulators and amplifiers of the immune response. In the absence of effective ...
Caspase-2-Dependent Dendritic Cell Death, Maturation, and
... the use of different Brucella strains [17]. Rough attenuated B. abortus strain 45/20 and B. suis manB mutant were found to induce strong DC maturation and Th1 responses [15]. While heat-killed, c-irradiated, and live rough strain RB51 induced higher levels of DC activation compared to smooth virulen ...
... the use of different Brucella strains [17]. Rough attenuated B. abortus strain 45/20 and B. suis manB mutant were found to induce strong DC maturation and Th1 responses [15]. While heat-killed, c-irradiated, and live rough strain RB51 induced higher levels of DC activation compared to smooth virulen ...
Characterization of the role of dendritic cells in prion transfer to
... removed from the moRK13 cells by extensive washes. Then, 20 μg of protein from BMDC or moRK13 cell extracts was treated with 0.5 μg of PK for 30 min at 37 ◦ C before methanol precipitation. Samples were then subjected to SDS/PAGE and Western blot analysis with the Sha31 anti-PrP antibody. Co-incubat ...
... removed from the moRK13 cells by extensive washes. Then, 20 μg of protein from BMDC or moRK13 cell extracts was treated with 0.5 μg of PK for 30 min at 37 ◦ C before methanol precipitation. Samples were then subjected to SDS/PAGE and Western blot analysis with the Sha31 anti-PrP antibody. Co-incubat ...
Lytic Replication of Epstein-Barr Virus in the Peripheral Blood
... cells, which contain about 50 EBV genomes per cell and therefore express BZLF1 in high copy numbers after chemical treatment. Because we used a nested PCR and hybridization with Dig-labeled oligonucleotides, our approach is at least 100 times more sensitive than that used in a previous report by Tie ...
... cells, which contain about 50 EBV genomes per cell and therefore express BZLF1 in high copy numbers after chemical treatment. Because we used a nested PCR and hybridization with Dig-labeled oligonucleotides, our approach is at least 100 times more sensitive than that used in a previous report by Tie ...
Lymphopoiesis
Lymphopoiesis (lĭm'fō-poi-ē'sĭs) (or lymphocytopoiesis) is the generation of lymphocytes, one of the five types of white blood cell (WBC). It is more formally known as lymphoid hematopoiesis.Pathosis in lymphopoiesis leads to any of various lymphoproliferative disorders, such as the lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias.