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Ellen Meiksins Wood The Retreat from Class A New True Socialism
Ellen Meiksins Wood The Retreat from Class A New True Socialism

The Politics of Sufficiency. Making it easier to live the Good Life
The Politics of Sufficiency. Making it easier to live the Good Life

... he named the ‘four Es’, from the German terms he used (Entschleunigung, Entflechtung, Entrümpelung and Entkommerzialisierung). We have translated these principles into English as what we call the ‘four Lessens’ (with a conscious play on ‘lessons’), which express the idea that we need to lessen our s ...
An Analysis of the Maoist Movement in Nepal
An Analysis of the Maoist Movement in Nepal

... driver to conflict in Nepal. For instance, Sharma (2006) states that development policy in 1980s of ‘urban-based import substitution industrialization’ led to increase in inequality. This in turn: “…forced youth particularly from rural and remote areas to join radical left wing forces (Maoist) to fi ...
Should we examine a map and remember the Past
Should we examine a map and remember the Past

2251 sociology - Past Papers Of Home
2251 sociology - Past Papers Of Home

From Group Identity to Political Cohesion
From Group Identity to Political Cohesion

International Politics
International Politics

Beyond the Third Way - European Consortium for Political Research
Beyond the Third Way - European Consortium for Political Research

... system; where class relations were closely linked to communal forms; where the nation-state was strong and even in some respects further developing its sovereign powers; and where risk could still be treated largely as external and to be coped with by quite orthodox programmes of social insurance. N ...
Taxing Issues - New York University Law Review
Taxing Issues - New York University Law Review

... of amendments to the Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) of 1971. In Buckley v. Valeo, the U.S. Supreme Court held that only campaign legislationthat regulated a vague category of activity called "express advocacy" would be tolerated under the FirstAmendment. Since that decision, candidateshave sou ...
Britain in the 2020s
Britain in the 2020s

... ecology and ecosystems – will force us to build a collective, democratic politics of restraint. The alternative is systemic degradation in ecosystems and rising inequalities in the years ahead. Together, these trends are going to reshape how we live and work, reorganise our social, economic and poli ...
Collective Action in the Evolution of Pre
Collective Action in the Evolution of Pre

economics - Stockton University
economics - Stockton University

What Is the Problem with Experts?
What Is the Problem with Experts?

... as a quantity, or a good to which some have access and others do not, the solution, admittedly one with practical limitations, is egalitarianization through difference-obliterating education or difference obliterating access to expertise, for example through state subsidy of experts and access to ex ...
Prof. Alexander Korolev, Ph.D
Prof. Alexander Korolev, Ph.D

... Outline. The course focuses on the historical and social background in East and South-East Asia including the historical roots, the nature of state power, social forces, major powers relationships and the future of Asian geopolitics in the 21st century. The history of world politics has, by and larg ...
Political ecology and the epistemology of social justice
Political ecology and the epistemology of social justice

1 KARL MARX Uncut text of first edition The following code is used
1 KARL MARX Uncut text of first edition The following code is used

... CH A PT E R I ...
THE WELFARE (SOCIAL) STATE, EUROPEAN UNION AND
THE WELFARE (SOCIAL) STATE, EUROPEAN UNION AND

... we must realize also that the concept of power in these relations does not involve only state power, but also the actual political, economic and in modern times also information power which could be called more adequately as influence. In the very relations of power, law and poverty, this influence ...
LACLAU and Mouffe`s Theory of Discourse
LACLAU and Mouffe`s Theory of Discourse

How Institutions Evolve: Evolutionary Theory and Institutional Change
How Institutions Evolve: Evolutionary Theory and Institutional Change

... retaining selected variations. We elaborate below how the mind’s cognitive schemas develop within institutional and social systems and thus become part of the intergenerational transmission of collective norms and behavior. Routines, schemas and cognitive frames are at once in the individual actor’s ...
15th Nordic Conference on Media and Communication Research
15th Nordic Conference on Media and Communication Research

BTI 2012 | Myanmar Country Report
BTI 2012 | Myanmar Country Report

... identities, particularly their languages, but also that the central government has paid too little attention to their states’ socioeconomic development. In areas controlled by the ethnic armies, the entire minority population openly rejects the official concept of the nation-state. They strongly bel ...
Theories of European Integration. Ben Rosamond
Theories of European Integration. Ben Rosamond

... away, not only because it was an anachronism in the post-ideological world of technocratic management, but also because supranational sentiment would begin to infect national consciousness. The functional process was used in order to “make Europe”; once Europe began being made, the process collided ...
Accounting for the Child in the Transmission of Party Identification
Accounting for the Child in the Transmission of Party Identification

0495 sociology - Beacon Papers
0495 sociology - Beacon Papers

0495 sociology - Past Papers Of Home
0495 sociology - Past Papers Of Home

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State (polity)



A state is an organized political community living under a single system of government. Speakers of American English often use state and government as synonyms, with both words referring to an organized political group that exercises authority over a particular territory. States may or may not be sovereign. For instance, federated states that are members of a federal union have only partial sovereignty, but are, nonetheless, states. Some states are subject to external sovereignty or hegemony where ultimate sovereignty lies in another state. The term ""state"" can also refer to the secular branches of government within a state, often as a manner of contrasting them with churches and civilian institutions.Many human societies have been governed by states for millennia, but many have been stateless societies. The first states arose about 5,500 years ago in conjunction with the rapid growth of urban centers, the invention of writing, and the codification of new forms of religion. Over time a variety of different forms developed, employing a variety of justifications for their existence (such as divine right, the theory of the social contract, etc.). In the 21st century the modern nation-state is the predominant form of state to which people are subject.
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