University of Groningen The hearing brain in males and
... consists also of descending pathways, forming reciprocal connections from the auditory cortex to the cochlea (Figure 1). They form feedback loops that provide circuits to modulate information processing, i.e. they may enhance certain signals and/or suppress others. The primary auditory cortex also h ...
... consists also of descending pathways, forming reciprocal connections from the auditory cortex to the cochlea (Figure 1). They form feedback loops that provide circuits to modulate information processing, i.e. they may enhance certain signals and/or suppress others. The primary auditory cortex also h ...
Superior Colliculus and Visual Spatial Attention
... Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium ...
... Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium ...
Acetylcholine - American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
... generated. These mice have already been used to demonstrate the role of particular receptor subtypes in the physiologic effects of ACh in muscle, the peripheral ganglia, and the central nervous system (Table 1.1). The function of ACh has been best studied at the neuromuscular junction, where signali ...
... generated. These mice have already been used to demonstrate the role of particular receptor subtypes in the physiologic effects of ACh in muscle, the peripheral ganglia, and the central nervous system (Table 1.1). The function of ACh has been best studied at the neuromuscular junction, where signali ...
Memory consolidation in humans: new evidence and opportunities
... Figure 3. Theories of systems-level consolidation A, a schematic diagram of the standard model of consolidation shown on sagittal brain slices, where information is first processed by the hippocampus and progressively, over time, the cortico-cortical connections become stronger so that, finally, the ...
... Figure 3. Theories of systems-level consolidation A, a schematic diagram of the standard model of consolidation shown on sagittal brain slices, where information is first processed by the hippocampus and progressively, over time, the cortico-cortical connections become stronger so that, finally, the ...
Astrocytes - American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
... Not all of the glutamate taken up by astrocytes is directly converted to glutamine. Glutamate can also enter the TCA cycle through its conversion to ␣-ketoglutarate (KG). Three enzymatic reactions can yield KG: one catalyzed by aspartate amino transferase and another by alanine aminotransferase, bot ...
... Not all of the glutamate taken up by astrocytes is directly converted to glutamine. Glutamate can also enter the TCA cycle through its conversion to ␣-ketoglutarate (KG). Three enzymatic reactions can yield KG: one catalyzed by aspartate amino transferase and another by alanine aminotransferase, bot ...
Tau pathology does not affect experience-driven single
... We quantitatively assessed the impact of tangle pathology on the experience-driven Arc responses after a behaviorally relevant, well characterized visual stimulus paradigm [10-13] to determine whether there are cellspecific or network-wide plasticity deficits directly linked to NFTs. We crossed the ...
... We quantitatively assessed the impact of tangle pathology on the experience-driven Arc responses after a behaviorally relevant, well characterized visual stimulus paradigm [10-13] to determine whether there are cellspecific or network-wide plasticity deficits directly linked to NFTs. We crossed the ...
Does the sound of a barking dog activate its corresponding visual
... a spoke region within the brain. As far as we are aware, there have been no explicit predictions under the hub and spoke framework beyond that they are higher-order modality-specific association regions that lie at the apex of each unimodal processing streams. Some predictions could be derived from ...
... a spoke region within the brain. As far as we are aware, there have been no explicit predictions under the hub and spoke framework beyond that they are higher-order modality-specific association regions that lie at the apex of each unimodal processing streams. Some predictions could be derived from ...
Development and aging of cortical thickness correspond to genetic
... Norway; hDepartment of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; iDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; jCenter of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093; kCenter for Behav ...
... Norway; hDepartment of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; iDepartment of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; jCenter of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093; kCenter for Behav ...
PDF
... the functional images were realigned to the first image of the session and again realigned to the mean image created after the first realignment. The individual anatomical T1 image was then co-registered to the mean functional image. The transformed anatomical image was then segmented to create spatia ...
... the functional images were realigned to the first image of the session and again realigned to the mean image created after the first realignment. The individual anatomical T1 image was then co-registered to the mean functional image. The transformed anatomical image was then segmented to create spatia ...
Control of Wake and Sleep States
... Sleep effects are mediated through IL-1 type receptor and TNF-55kDa receptor. TNF-alpha inhibits expression of clock genes. Extracellular ATP release associated with neurotransmitter release during waking prompts astrocytic production of IL-1 and TNF-alpha. Adminstration of IL-1 into DRN or LC induc ...
... Sleep effects are mediated through IL-1 type receptor and TNF-55kDa receptor. TNF-alpha inhibits expression of clock genes. Extracellular ATP release associated with neurotransmitter release during waking prompts astrocytic production of IL-1 and TNF-alpha. Adminstration of IL-1 into DRN or LC induc ...
Role of Nitric Oxide on Dopamine Release and Morphine
... of opioids, which gradually decreases the effects of opioids (Erfani, Sahraei, & Meftahi, 2015; Yamada, 2008). Tolerance to the rewarding effects of opioids, which is called motivational tolerance, is the main reason for the increased use of these drugs. The potential factor(s) that generated opioid ...
... of opioids, which gradually decreases the effects of opioids (Erfani, Sahraei, & Meftahi, 2015; Yamada, 2008). Tolerance to the rewarding effects of opioids, which is called motivational tolerance, is the main reason for the increased use of these drugs. The potential factor(s) that generated opioid ...
mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex
... or ventral stream, is crucial for the identification of objects, whereas the occipitoparietal pathway, or dorsal stream, is crucial for the appreciation of the spatial relations among objects as well as for the visual guidance of movements toward objects in space (Ungerleider & Mishkin 1982, Goodale ...
... or ventral stream, is crucial for the identification of objects, whereas the occipitoparietal pathway, or dorsal stream, is crucial for the appreciation of the spatial relations among objects as well as for the visual guidance of movements toward objects in space (Ungerleider & Mishkin 1982, Goodale ...
12 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... Regions and Organization of the CNS • Brain – Similar pattern – Additional areas of gray matter in brain – Cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum • Outer gray matter called cortex ...
... Regions and Organization of the CNS • Brain – Similar pattern – Additional areas of gray matter in brain – Cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum • Outer gray matter called cortex ...
powerpoint lecture
... contraction • Inform body's position and momentum – calculates the best way to smoothly coordinate muscle contraction ...
... contraction • Inform body's position and momentum – calculates the best way to smoothly coordinate muscle contraction ...
Towards the utilization of EEG as a brain imaging tool
... framework for the analysis of the signals. Instead of waveforms, the MEG community generally looks at the properties of the magnetic field outside the head and infers the sources and the temporal dynamics of these sources in the brain (Salmelin and Baillet, 2009; Williamson et al., 1991). It has been ...
... framework for the analysis of the signals. Instead of waveforms, the MEG community generally looks at the properties of the magnetic field outside the head and infers the sources and the temporal dynamics of these sources in the brain (Salmelin and Baillet, 2009; Williamson et al., 1991). It has been ...
Temporal Plasticity Involved in Recovery from Manual Dexterity
... PET imaging and inactivation studies (Table 1). Before the lesion, the monkeys underwent prelesion training that involved a small-object retrieval task, and topographic motor maps of M1 and the ventral premotor area (PMv) were constructed by using ICMS. Ibotenic acid was then injected to destroy the ...
... PET imaging and inactivation studies (Table 1). Before the lesion, the monkeys underwent prelesion training that involved a small-object retrieval task, and topographic motor maps of M1 and the ventral premotor area (PMv) were constructed by using ICMS. Ibotenic acid was then injected to destroy the ...
The Neuroscience of Spontaneous Thought: An Evolving
... Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada ...
... Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada ...
Cortex - Anatomy and Physiology
... Regions and Organization of the CNS • Brain – Similar pattern – Additional areas of gray matter in brain – Cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum • Outer gray matter called cortex ...
... Regions and Organization of the CNS • Brain – Similar pattern – Additional areas of gray matter in brain – Cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum • Outer gray matter called cortex ...
What Can an Orbitofrontal Cortex- Endowed Animal
... evidence for a definitive homology is still lacking.5 Physiological8,9 and anatomical5,10 studies suggest that primary olfactory cortex (including piriform cortex, olfactory tubercle, and cortical amygdaloid nuclei) projects most densely to posterior orbital cortex in areas Iam, Iapm, and 13a, corre ...
... evidence for a definitive homology is still lacking.5 Physiological8,9 and anatomical5,10 studies suggest that primary olfactory cortex (including piriform cortex, olfactory tubercle, and cortical amygdaloid nuclei) projects most densely to posterior orbital cortex in areas Iam, Iapm, and 13a, corre ...
Cerebral correlates of delta waves during non
... all subjects (W = 46, stage 2 = 50, stages 3 – 4 = 65). EEG acquisition Polysomnography was recorded using a Synamp (Neuroscan, NeuroSoft, Sterling, Virginia) system, at 500 or 1000 Hz sampling rate, with a bandwidth 0.15 to 100 Hz. EEG on (at least) C3 – A2 and C4 – A1 channels, electro-oculogram, ...
... all subjects (W = 46, stage 2 = 50, stages 3 – 4 = 65). EEG acquisition Polysomnography was recorded using a Synamp (Neuroscan, NeuroSoft, Sterling, Virginia) system, at 500 or 1000 Hz sampling rate, with a bandwidth 0.15 to 100 Hz. EEG on (at least) C3 – A2 and C4 – A1 channels, electro-oculogram, ...
Synaptogenesis in the human cortex occurs between - UvA-DARE
... After an initial overshoot of synapses during synaptogenesis, a period of synapse elimination (pruning) follows, during which synaptic density decreases to about 60% of the maximum (figure 1, Huttenlocher and Dabholkar, 1997). In mice, there seems to be an initial overshoot of synaptogenesis at 8 we ...
... After an initial overshoot of synapses during synaptogenesis, a period of synapse elimination (pruning) follows, during which synaptic density decreases to about 60% of the maximum (figure 1, Huttenlocher and Dabholkar, 1997). In mice, there seems to be an initial overshoot of synaptogenesis at 8 we ...
Nitric Oxide Synthase Protein and mRNA Are
... NOS Protein Levels and Enzyme Activity Correspond in Brain Regions We have developed a rabbit polyclonal antiserum to rat NOS that has permitted immunohistochemical mapping of NOS in the brain and peripheral tissues (Bredt et al., 1990). To characterize the antiserum in greater detail in terms of it ...
... NOS Protein Levels and Enzyme Activity Correspond in Brain Regions We have developed a rabbit polyclonal antiserum to rat NOS that has permitted immunohistochemical mapping of NOS in the brain and peripheral tissues (Bredt et al., 1990). To characterize the antiserum in greater detail in terms of it ...
Experimental Brain Research 221(1)
... area (MIP) (Johnson et al. 1996; Eskandar and Assad 1999), area 5 (Kalaska 1996; Ferraina et al. 2001), area 7A (MacKay 1992; Johnson et al. 1996; Battaglia-Mayer et al. 2000), V6A (situated between V6 and MIP within the superior parietal cortex near the junction of the dorsal parieto-occipital sulc ...
... area (MIP) (Johnson et al. 1996; Eskandar and Assad 1999), area 5 (Kalaska 1996; Ferraina et al. 2001), area 7A (MacKay 1992; Johnson et al. 1996; Battaglia-Mayer et al. 2000), V6A (situated between V6 and MIP within the superior parietal cortex near the junction of the dorsal parieto-occipital sulc ...
The Number of Cortical Neurons Used to See
... of course cannot be better than ideal, and may be much worse. It’s easy to calculate how many checks would need to be sampled to account for the accuracy of human performance. The power of our conclusions is greatly increased by a theorem, proven for this project, by Professor Martin Barlow in the M ...
... of course cannot be better than ideal, and may be much worse. It’s easy to calculate how many checks would need to be sampled to account for the accuracy of human performance. The power of our conclusions is greatly increased by a theorem, proven for this project, by Professor Martin Barlow in the M ...