Salahaddin University College of Science Geology Department
... Contactmetamorphismaroundplutons ...
... Contactmetamorphismaroundplutons ...
Rock Identification - Faculty Server Contact
... solidify below the surface forming plutonic rocks or reach the surface forming volcanic rocks. Weathering and erosion of the igneous rocks (note that metamorphic and sedimentary rocks are also eroded if they’re at the surface) produces sediments that are transported by wind and water. These sediment ...
... solidify below the surface forming plutonic rocks or reach the surface forming volcanic rocks. Weathering and erosion of the igneous rocks (note that metamorphic and sedimentary rocks are also eroded if they’re at the surface) produces sediments that are transported by wind and water. These sediment ...
File - Native Expeditions
... Formed deep within the lithosphere from extreme pressure and/or heat Metamorphic rocks form in a solid state and the composition is change chemically (usually from hot water) Examples: Limestone to Marble, Shale to Slate, Granite to Gneiss ...
... Formed deep within the lithosphere from extreme pressure and/or heat Metamorphic rocks form in a solid state and the composition is change chemically (usually from hot water) Examples: Limestone to Marble, Shale to Slate, Granite to Gneiss ...
printer-friendly sample test questions
... A. Erosion of the Grand Staircase can occur by water, wind, and gravity. B. Erosion is the movement of rocks whereas weathering is the breakdown of rocks. Each acts on the Grand Staircase by breaking rocks down into sediment and moving them. C. Sandstone is resistant to weathering and erosion becaus ...
... A. Erosion of the Grand Staircase can occur by water, wind, and gravity. B. Erosion is the movement of rocks whereas weathering is the breakdown of rocks. Each acts on the Grand Staircase by breaking rocks down into sediment and moving them. C. Sandstone is resistant to weathering and erosion becaus ...
Student 1
... K-Ar dating is based on measurement of the product of the radioactive decay of an isotope of potassium (K), which is a common element found in many materials, such as micas, clay minerals, tephra, and evaporites, into argon. The decay product 40Ar starts to accumulate when the rock solidifies (re-cr ...
... K-Ar dating is based on measurement of the product of the radioactive decay of an isotope of potassium (K), which is a common element found in many materials, such as micas, clay minerals, tephra, and evaporites, into argon. The decay product 40Ar starts to accumulate when the rock solidifies (re-cr ...
1. The Earth system 1.1. introduction 1.2. Earth structure and plate
... temperature and/or pressure or due to interactions with hydrothermal fluids (Fig. 12). This process of rock transformation is called metamorphism. Rocks caught in subduction zones or between two colliding continents are subject to tremendous changes in temperature and pressure causing rock metamorph ...
... temperature and/or pressure or due to interactions with hydrothermal fluids (Fig. 12). This process of rock transformation is called metamorphism. Rocks caught in subduction zones or between two colliding continents are subject to tremendous changes in temperature and pressure causing rock metamorph ...
PLATE TECTONICS AND SEDIMENTARY ROCK 1 Plate Tectonics
... one plate moves beneath the other plate. As a result of this process, any sediment or rocks on the surface are taken with the place and heated to become igneous rock. Plate tectonics can also influence sedimentation if at a convergent boundary, where magma is introduced into the rock of the superior ...
... one plate moves beneath the other plate. As a result of this process, any sediment or rocks on the surface are taken with the place and heated to become igneous rock. Plate tectonics can also influence sedimentation if at a convergent boundary, where magma is introduced into the rock of the superior ...
Week 7: Igneous Rocks - Elderslie High School
... of homework (i.e. inquiry points earned) accurately and honestly. This booklet is my responsibility. If I lose this booklet I can download it from the school's website. I am then responsible for the printing of this booklet. Incompletion of revision tasks or a non-genuine attempt will result in ...
... of homework (i.e. inquiry points earned) accurately and honestly. This booklet is my responsibility. If I lose this booklet I can download it from the school's website. I am then responsible for the printing of this booklet. Incompletion of revision tasks or a non-genuine attempt will result in ...
13. Deformation and Mountain Building
... A. Law of original horizontally 1. Sedimentary rock layers are laid down in a horizontal manner 2. These layers are compressed into beds that are roughly horizontal 3. There are some exceptions, but they too can be seen as following this basic principal 4. Sand dunes, alluvial fans, landslides etc B ...
... A. Law of original horizontally 1. Sedimentary rock layers are laid down in a horizontal manner 2. These layers are compressed into beds that are roughly horizontal 3. There are some exceptions, but they too can be seen as following this basic principal 4. Sand dunes, alluvial fans, landslides etc B ...
Preview Sample 1
... internal temperatures found inside the Earth are pushed closer to the surface by tectonic forces, they will begin to crystallize out of the magma and form igneous rocks. Metamorphic rocks may be formed from high-temperature and pressure at subduction zones, if melting does not occur. Additionally, r ...
... internal temperatures found inside the Earth are pushed closer to the surface by tectonic forces, they will begin to crystallize out of the magma and form igneous rocks. Metamorphic rocks may be formed from high-temperature and pressure at subduction zones, if melting does not occur. Additionally, r ...
Preview Sample 2
... internal temperatures found inside the Earth are pushed closer to the surface by tectonic forces, they will begin to crystallize out of the magma and form igneous rocks. Metamorphic rocks may be formed from high-temperature and pressure at subduction zones, if melting does not occur. Additionally, r ...
... internal temperatures found inside the Earth are pushed closer to the surface by tectonic forces, they will begin to crystallize out of the magma and form igneous rocks. Metamorphic rocks may be formed from high-temperature and pressure at subduction zones, if melting does not occur. Additionally, r ...
Convergent, divergent and transformational (lateral
... How the Asian tsunami occurred: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/4136289.stm Pyroclastic flow video: http://www.maniacworld.com/erupting-volcano.htm Best NZ Natural hazards and disasters: http://www.teara.govt.nz/EarthSeaAndSky/NaturalHazardsAndDisasters/en ...
... How the Asian tsunami occurred: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/4136289.stm Pyroclastic flow video: http://www.maniacworld.com/erupting-volcano.htm Best NZ Natural hazards and disasters: http://www.teara.govt.nz/EarthSeaAndSky/NaturalHazardsAndDisasters/en ...
MC - Unit 1 - Land and Waterforms
... SCO 1.1: The student will be expected to demonstrate an understanding that the earth’s surface is shaped by building-up forces resulting from tectonic activity, including the following delineations: 1.1.1 Explain how compressional forces are caused. (k) 1.1.2 Explain how tensional forces are caused. ...
... SCO 1.1: The student will be expected to demonstrate an understanding that the earth’s surface is shaped by building-up forces resulting from tectonic activity, including the following delineations: 1.1.1 Explain how compressional forces are caused. (k) 1.1.2 Explain how tensional forces are caused. ...
Unit 1 – Landforms and Water Forms
... SCO 1.1: The student will be expected to demonstrate an understanding that the earth’s surface is shaped by building-up forces resulting from tectonic activity, including the following delineations: 1.1.1 Explain how compressional forces are caused. (k) 1.1.2 Explain how tensional forces are caused. ...
... SCO 1.1: The student will be expected to demonstrate an understanding that the earth’s surface is shaped by building-up forces resulting from tectonic activity, including the following delineations: 1.1.1 Explain how compressional forces are caused. (k) 1.1.2 Explain how tensional forces are caused. ...
CHAPTER 14 Geology and Nonrenewable Resources Core Case
... _______________ Geological Processes- generated by _______ from the earth’s interior and typically build up the earth’s surface in the form of continental and oceanic crust. Ex: ______________ and ________________ _______________ Geological Processes-driven by energy from the _____ (flowing water an ...
... _______________ Geological Processes- generated by _______ from the earth’s interior and typically build up the earth’s surface in the form of continental and oceanic crust. Ex: ______________ and ________________ _______________ Geological Processes-driven by energy from the _____ (flowing water an ...
Geology of the Yorkshire Dales National Park
... glacial deposits, such as terminal moraines formed by melting ice, and in some cases by glaciers themselves. Lake bed deposits are evidenced in places on the valley floors, though many have been washed out by the rivers flowing across them. Semerwater is the last remaining example of a glacial lake. ...
... glacial deposits, such as terminal moraines formed by melting ice, and in some cases by glaciers themselves. Lake bed deposits are evidenced in places on the valley floors, though many have been washed out by the rivers flowing across them. Semerwater is the last remaining example of a glacial lake. ...
Learning Objectives - Washington State University Tri
... – Review of some of the important mineral and rock types and their environmental significance – Appreciation/significance of geologic structures – Appreciation of the landforms, deposits, and environmental problems resulting from wind and glacial processes ...
... – Review of some of the important mineral and rock types and their environmental significance – Appreciation/significance of geologic structures – Appreciation of the landforms, deposits, and environmental problems resulting from wind and glacial processes ...
Chapter 11 Environmental Geology and Earth Resources
... Mechanical weathering is the physical breakup of rocks into smaller particles without a change in chemical composition of the constituent minerals. You have probably seen mountain valleys scraped by glaciers, or river and shoreline pebbles that are rounded from being rubbed against one another as th ...
... Mechanical weathering is the physical breakup of rocks into smaller particles without a change in chemical composition of the constituent minerals. You have probably seen mountain valleys scraped by glaciers, or river and shoreline pebbles that are rounded from being rubbed against one another as th ...
South Carolina Electric & Gas COL Application Part 3 – Environmental Report 2.6
... dendritic; however, a subtle trellis pattern is also evident and probably a result of regional bedrock structure and joint systems. Steep gullies exist within the site area resulting from differential weathering of the basement rock and possible exacerbation by previous agricultural activity. Most o ...
... dendritic; however, a subtle trellis pattern is also evident and probably a result of regional bedrock structure and joint systems. Steep gullies exist within the site area resulting from differential weathering of the basement rock and possible exacerbation by previous agricultural activity. Most o ...
The Rock Cycle and the three rock types File
... All rock can be heated. But where does the heat come from? Inside Earth there is heat from pressure (push your hands together very hard and feel the heat). There is heat from friction (rub your hands together and feel the heat). There is also heat from radioactive decay (the process that gives us nu ...
... All rock can be heated. But where does the heat come from? Inside Earth there is heat from pressure (push your hands together very hard and feel the heat). There is heat from friction (rub your hands together and feel the heat). There is also heat from radioactive decay (the process that gives us nu ...
Chapter 5 Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks Transportation and
... Sediments, sedimentary rocks and the materials they contain have many uses. 1. Petroleum and Natural Gas are hydrocarbons formed from the remains of microscopic plants and animals. The organic matter has been preserved in sediments (the source rock) by rapid burial. With burial, heat and chemical re ...
... Sediments, sedimentary rocks and the materials they contain have many uses. 1. Petroleum and Natural Gas are hydrocarbons formed from the remains of microscopic plants and animals. The organic matter has been preserved in sediments (the source rock) by rapid burial. With burial, heat and chemical re ...
Uranium in magmatic processes
... Uranium chiefly appears in minerals with valences 4+ and 6+. The coordination number of oxygen around U4+ is six or eight. The coordination number of U6+ around oxygen is six, seven, or eight. Crystallochemical properties of U4+ are very close to those of Th4+ (ionic radii 0.94 A and 1.05 A) and LRE ...
... Uranium chiefly appears in minerals with valences 4+ and 6+. The coordination number of oxygen around U4+ is six or eight. The coordination number of U6+ around oxygen is six, seven, or eight. Crystallochemical properties of U4+ are very close to those of Th4+ (ionic radii 0.94 A and 1.05 A) and LRE ...
SUMMARY KEY TERMS APPLYING THE CONCEPTS
... is a tetrahedral structure that combines with positive metallic ions or with other tetrahedral units to form chains, sheets, or an interlocking framework. The ferromagnesian silicates are tetrahedral structures combined with ions of iron, magnesium, calcium, and other elements. The ferromagnesian si ...
... is a tetrahedral structure that combines with positive metallic ions or with other tetrahedral units to form chains, sheets, or an interlocking framework. The ferromagnesian silicates are tetrahedral structures combined with ions of iron, magnesium, calcium, and other elements. The ferromagnesian si ...
LESSON 10 – Earth`s History: Estimating Geologic Time
... from a parent isotope, and that we know the average time it takes to convert, we can use the ratio of the two to calculate the age of the rock they are in. – Half-life – the amount of time it takes for ½ of the parent to turn into the daughter isotope. ...
... from a parent isotope, and that we know the average time it takes to convert, we can use the ratio of the two to calculate the age of the rock they are in. – Half-life – the amount of time it takes for ½ of the parent to turn into the daughter isotope. ...
Weathering
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil and minerals as well as artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, biota and waters. Weathering occurs in situ, roughly translated to: ""with no movement"" , and thus should not be confused with erosion, which involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, ice, snow, wind, waves and gravity and then being transported and deposited in other locations.Two important classifications of weathering processes exist – physical and chemical weathering; each sometimes involves a biological component. Mechanical or physical weathering involves the breakdown of rocks and soils through direct contact with atmospheric conditions, such as heat, water, ice and pressure. The second classification, chemical weathering, involves the direct effect of atmospheric chemicals or biologically produced chemicals also known as biological weathering in the breakdown of rocks, soils and minerals. While physical weathering is accentuated in very cold or very dry environments, chemical reactions are most intense where the climate is wet and hot. However, both types of weathering occur together, and each tends to accelerate the other. For example, physical abrasion (rubbing together) decreases the size of particles and therefore increases their surface area, making them more susceptible to rapid chemical reactions. The various agents act in concert to convert primary minerals (feldspars and micas) to secondary minerals (clays and carbonates) and release plant nutrient elements in soluble forms.The materials left over after the rock breaks down combined with organic material creates soil. The mineral content of the soil is determined by the parent material, thus a soil derived from a single rock type can often be deficient in one or more minerals for good fertility, while a soil weathered from a mix of rock types (as in glacial, aeolian or alluvial sediments) often makes more fertile soil. In addition, many of Earth's landforms and landscapes are the result of weathering processes combined with erosion and re-deposition.