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Physics - Indus International School Bangalore
Physics - Indus International School Bangalore

... (i) Static electricity – electric charge; charging by friction; simple orbital model of the atom; detection of charge (pith ball and electroscope); sparking; lightning conductors. (ii) Simple electric circuit using an electric cell and a bulb to introduce the idea of current (including its relations ...
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Penning Traps: Precision Measurements on Single Ions
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B - University of Utah Physics

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PHY 204: Electricity and Magnetism - Physlab

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... Two long straight wires are separated by 0.12 m. The wires carry currents of 8.0 amps in opposite directions as shown. Find the magnitude of the net magnetic field at points A and B. Let the current in the left-hand wire be labeled I1 and that in the right-hand wire I2. a. At point A: B1 is up and B ...
Electricity, Energy and Magnetism
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< 1 ... 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 ... 187 >

Ferrofluid



A ferrofluid (portmanteau of ferromagnetic and fluid) is a liquid that becomes strongly magnetized in the presence of a magnetic field.Ferrofluid was invented in 1963 by NASA's Steve Papell as a liquid rocket fuel that could be drawn toward a pump inlet in a weightless environment by applying a magnetic field.Ferrofluids are colloidal liquids made of nanoscale ferromagnetic, or ferrimagnetic, particles suspended in a carrier fluid (usually an organic solvent or water). Each tiny particle is thoroughly coated with a surfactant to inhibit clumping. Large ferromagnetic particles can be ripped out of the homogeneous colloidal mixture, forming a separate clump of magnetic dust when exposed to strong magnetic fields. The magnetic attraction of nanoparticles is weak enough that the surfactant's Van der Waals force is sufficient to prevent magnetic clumping or agglomeration. Ferrofluids usually do not retain magnetization in the absence of an externally applied field and thus are often classified as ""superparamagnets"" rather than ferromagnets.The difference between ferrofluids and magnetorheological fluids (MR fluids) is the size of the particles. The particles in a ferrofluid primarily consist of nanoparticles which are suspended by Brownian motion and generally will not settle under normal conditions. MR fluid particles primarily consist of micrometre-scale particles which are too heavy for Brownian motion to keep them suspended, and thus will settle over time because of the inherent density difference between the particle and its carrier fluid. These two fluids have very different applications as a result.
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