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dna replication
dna replication

... Deoxyribonucleic acid contains the genetic instructions needed to construct components of cells, such as RNA and protein molecules. Therefore, DNA is used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses, with the primary role being long-term storage of information. ...
Sonogenetics: A Breakthrough in Prenatal Diagnosis
Sonogenetics: A Breakthrough in Prenatal Diagnosis

... aberrations leading to improved genotype-phenotype correlation. However, aCGH cannot detect truly balanced chromosomal rearrangements or polypoidy, and may even generate data with unknown significance. Knowing its limitations and with proper counseling of the advantages and shortcomings, aCGH will b ...
molecular_general_theory_complete
molecular_general_theory_complete

... Deoxyribonucleic acid contains the genetic instructions needed to construct components of cells, such as RNA and protein molecules. Therefore, DNA is used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses, with the primary role being long-term storage of information. ...
Molecular Biology
Molecular Biology

... Deoxyribonucleic acid contains the genetic instructions needed to construct components of cells, such as RNA and protein molecules. Therefore, DNA is used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms and some viruses, with the primary role being long-term storage of information. ...
S1.An RFLP marker is located 1 million bp away from a gene of
S1.An RFLP marker is located 1 million bp away from a gene of

... S1.An RFLP marker is located 1 million bp away from a gene of interest. Your goal is to start at this RFLP marker and walk to this gene. The average insert size in the library is 55,000 bp and the average overlap at each end is 5,000 bp. Approximately how many steps will it take to get there? Answer ...
Document
Document

... S1.An RFLP marker is located 1 million bp away from a gene of interest. Your goal is to start at this RFLP marker and walk to this gene. The average insert size in the library is 55,000 bp and the average overlap at each end is 5,000 bp. Approximately how many steps will it take to get there? Answer ...
Glossary
Glossary

... DNA polymerase – The enzyme that catalyzes the addition of nucleotide bases to the 3’ end of replicating DNA strands. DNA polymerase follows the replication fork as it opens, promoting the addition of new phospho-diester bonds in the DNA backbone chain (of the leading strand), as the new bases line ...
pdf, 1.3 MB - DNA and Natural Algorithms Group
pdf, 1.3 MB - DNA and Natural Algorithms Group

... 1. Introduction The ability to reproduce is one of the defining characteristics of life. This ability arises from a process by which DNA serves as its own template to make copies of itself (Alberts 2003). There is considerable interest in the construction of synthetic systems that are also capable of ...
Towards safer vectors for the field release of recombinant bacteria
Towards safer vectors for the field release of recombinant bacteria

... of the host bacterium and the recombinant DNA fragment of primary interest. The purpose of the present review is to assess progress in improved vector design aimed at eliminating risks due to the way recombinant vectors are constructed. Improved vector constructions include the avoidance of the use, ...
Manual_AccuPrep® Genomic DNA Extraction Kit
Manual_AccuPrep® Genomic DNA Extraction Kit

... 1. Disrupt (or homogenize) the sample (25~50 mg) with a mortar and pestle, place them in a clean 1.5 ml tube (see “Additional required materials”), and add 200 l of Tissue Lysis buffer (TL). Immediately place the weighted, fresh or frozen tissue in liquid nitrogen and grind to a fine powder with mo ...
PCR: an outstanding method
PCR: an outstanding method

lect 5- Cloning Vectors
lect 5- Cloning Vectors

... • Plasmids can range in size from less than 1 to more than 500kb. • Each plasmid has a sequence that functions as an origin of DNA replication, with out this site, it cannot replicate in a host cell. ...
IGEM2006-UCSF-Powerpoint
IGEM2006-UCSF-Powerpoint

... Goulian Motility Assay (U Penn) ...
A Variant within the DNA Repair Gene XRCC3 Is
A Variant within the DNA Repair Gene XRCC3 Is

... critical for protecting against the mutations that lead to cancer (4, 5). Inter-individual variation in DNA repair capacity has been shown through the use of lymphocyte assays. These assays usually measure chromosome damage rather than specific biochemical pathways and are difficult to reproduce. Bu ...
A phage library and two cosmid libraries were
A phage library and two cosmid libraries were

... of both libraries (I and II) Mspl partial digests of the same human placenta DNA were used. The insert of the M13 subclone 1-1 was used to screen both cosmid libraries. A total number of 27 recombinant cosmid clones were isolated and analysed by detailed restriction mapping. Only 15 of these clones ...
ppt
ppt

... 1. Prokaryotes 2. Eukaryotes – usually many linear chromosomes, highly condensed with histone proteins into several levels of structure. To read a gene, the chromosome must be diffuse (uncondensed) in that region. Even when condensed, these ‘euchromatic’ coding regions are less condensed and more li ...
Duplication of Small Segments Within the Major
Duplication of Small Segments Within the Major

... Tag Isites. respectively; the Taq I sites indicated include only those that flank the indicated probed sequences. M-bcr exons 2 and 3 are indicated as boxes. Each autoradiogram panel shows lanes from the same blot probed with each of the t w o probes. Lanes 1 through 5 are Taq I,Bg/ll/BamHI. Bg/II/B ...
Figure 2: Construction of a gene deletion using BRED.
Figure 2: Construction of a gene deletion using BRED.

... as 100 ng of substrate DNA; it is just somewhat less efficient. b. Dilute your competent cells. Sometimes low time constants are a result of cells that are too thick. You can try using 80-60 l of cells per transformation and bringing this up to 100 l with ice cold water. c. Remake the substrate so ...
Supercoils in plant DNA: nucleoid
Supercoils in plant DNA: nucleoid

... No similar studies aimed at the elucidation of the higher order organization of nuclear DNA in plants have been conducted. Plants share many common features with the other eukaryotes, but there are also many peculiarities distinguishing them. For example, they possess unusually large genomes, highly ...
ANSWER - EdWeb
ANSWER - EdWeb

... 76. Based on the descriptions below, identify the correct genetic disorder. ANSWER: c. Individuals have deterioration of brain tissue in the middle ages because of a dominant gene = ...
Application for Exemption Status
Application for Exemption Status

... 3. Any dealing with an animal into which genetically modified somatic cells have been introduced, if: (a) The somatic cells are not capable of giving rise to recombinant infectious agents; or (b) the animal is not infected with a virus that is capable of recombining with the genetically modified nuc ...
DNA sequencing - Rarechromo.org
DNA sequencing - Rarechromo.org

... largest chromosome (chromosome 1) contains around 250 million letters. The meaning of this code lies in the sequence of the letters A, C, G and T in the same way that the meaning of a word lies in the sequence of alphabet letters. Every chromosome contains thousands of genes which may be thought of ...
Genome Editing Using Cas9 Nickases
Genome Editing Using Cas9 Nickases

... for recombination but repairs DSBs with high fidelity, and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ), which functions without a template and frequently produces insertions or deletions (indels) as a consequence of repair. Exogenous HDR templates can be designed and introduced along with Cas9 and sgRNA to pro ...
Genetic alterations and DNA repair in human carcinogenesis
Genetic alterations and DNA repair in human carcinogenesis

... involved in gene rearrangements that can trigger the generation of deletion mutations. The heterozygous APRT± mouse has been particularly useful for understanding events that lead to loss of heterozygosity (LOH), a common mechanism for loss of the second allele in many inherited cancers. The Big Blu ...
DNA sequencing - Rarechromo.org
DNA sequencing - Rarechromo.org

... Every chromosome contains thousands of genes which may be thought of as individual instruction booklets (or recipes) that contain all the genetic information telling the body how to develop, grow and function. The human genome contains around 20,000 genes. A gene is a functional region of DNA that p ...
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Molecular cloning



Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of one molecule to produce a population of cells with identical DNA molecules. Molecular cloning generally uses DNA sequences from two different organisms: the species that is the source of the DNA to be cloned, and the species that will serve as the living host for replication of the recombinant DNA. Molecular cloning methods are central to many contemporary areas of modern biology and medicine.In a conventional molecular cloning experiment, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism of interest, then treated with enzymes in the test tube to generate smaller DNA fragments. Subsequently, these fragments are then combined with vector DNA to generate recombinant DNA molecules. The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism (typically an easy-to-grow, benign, laboratory strain of E. coli bacteria). This will generate a population of organisms in which recombinant DNA molecules are replicated along with the host DNA. Because they contain foreign DNA fragments, these are transgenic or genetically modified microorganisms (GMO). This process takes advantage of the fact that a single bacterial cell can be induced to take up and replicate a single recombinant DNA molecule. This single cell can then be expanded exponentially to generate a large amount of bacteria, each of which contain copies of the original recombinant molecule. Thus, both the resulting bacterial population, and the recombinant DNA molecule, are commonly referred to as ""clones"". Strictly speaking, recombinant DNA refers to DNA molecules, while molecular cloning refers to the experimental methods used to assemble them.
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