Optimal decision making theories - Bristol CS
... In the models shown in Figures 1a and 1b, the sensory neurons send both excitatory and inhibitory connections. But in the brain the cortico-cortical connections are only excitatory, thus Figures 1c and 1d show more realistic versions of the models in Figures 1a and 1b in which the inhibition is prov ...
... In the models shown in Figures 1a and 1b, the sensory neurons send both excitatory and inhibitory connections. But in the brain the cortico-cortical connections are only excitatory, thus Figures 1c and 1d show more realistic versions of the models in Figures 1a and 1b in which the inhibition is prov ...
Observational Versus Trial and Error Effects in a - FORTH-ICS
... the observer, and non-perceived affordance to be a potentially learnable affordance for the observer, given either increased motor skill repetoire or discovery of environmental circumstances. Associating actions with affordances. As well as the discovery of nonperceived affordances, there is the questio ...
... the observer, and non-perceived affordance to be a potentially learnable affordance for the observer, given either increased motor skill repetoire or discovery of environmental circumstances. Associating actions with affordances. As well as the discovery of nonperceived affordances, there is the questio ...
Adams et al
... and humans [13,14]. It is tempting to speculate that individual differences in exploration behavior, an innate tendency to abandon the current behavioral strategy for another potentially more profitable one, might also be mediated in humans through genetic influences on catecholaminergic neuromodula ...
... and humans [13,14]. It is tempting to speculate that individual differences in exploration behavior, an innate tendency to abandon the current behavioral strategy for another potentially more profitable one, might also be mediated in humans through genetic influences on catecholaminergic neuromodula ...
The Molecular and Neuroanatomical Basis for Estrogen Effects in
... and calcium ion entry, and protection of neurons from damage by excitotoxins and free radicals (Table 1 and Fig. 1). These estrogen actions occur through at least two types of intracellular receptors as well as a number of other mechanisms involving receptors that have not been characterized. Indeed ...
... and calcium ion entry, and protection of neurons from damage by excitotoxins and free radicals (Table 1 and Fig. 1). These estrogen actions occur through at least two types of intracellular receptors as well as a number of other mechanisms involving receptors that have not been characterized. Indeed ...
Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions during Learning May Occur by Lactate
... between animal and plant phyla (Chiu et al., 1999). Of course, not all molecules that became neurotransmitters had distinct and pre-existing roles in cell metabolism. For example, there is no trace of noradrenaline (NE) receptors until multicellular organisms and cell-to-cell communication (Venter e ...
... between animal and plant phyla (Chiu et al., 1999). Of course, not all molecules that became neurotransmitters had distinct and pre-existing roles in cell metabolism. For example, there is no trace of noradrenaline (NE) receptors until multicellular organisms and cell-to-cell communication (Venter e ...
Seizure
... Rest and maintain functional capacity Remain free of falls Remain free of injuries Prevent seizure Monitor level of self-care ...
... Rest and maintain functional capacity Remain free of falls Remain free of injuries Prevent seizure Monitor level of self-care ...
The Molecular Biology of Memory Storage: A Dialog
... Thus, the unique functions of the hippocampus had to arise not so much from the intrinsic properties of pyramidal neurons but from the pattern of functional interconnections of these cells, and how those interconnections are affected by learning. To tackle that problem we needed to know how sensory ...
... Thus, the unique functions of the hippocampus had to arise not so much from the intrinsic properties of pyramidal neurons but from the pattern of functional interconnections of these cells, and how those interconnections are affected by learning. To tackle that problem we needed to know how sensory ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
... the stimulus, or faster response times to make a decision about it), and often occurs under the same experimental conditions as RS. Nevertheless, it is important to note that, under certain conditions, priming can be associated with increased activity, rather than reduction (for discussion of repeti ...
... the stimulus, or faster response times to make a decision about it), and often occurs under the same experimental conditions as RS. Nevertheless, it is important to note that, under certain conditions, priming can be associated with increased activity, rather than reduction (for discussion of repeti ...
Repetition and the brain: neural models of stimulus
... the stimulus, or faster response times to make a decision about it), and often occurs under the same experimental conditions as RS. Nevertheless, it is important to note that, under certain conditions, priming can be associated with increased activity, rather than reduction (for discussion of repeti ...
... the stimulus, or faster response times to make a decision about it), and often occurs under the same experimental conditions as RS. Nevertheless, it is important to note that, under certain conditions, priming can be associated with increased activity, rather than reduction (for discussion of repeti ...
PowerPoint Slide Set Westen Psychology 2e
... • Right hemisphere is dominant for non-linguistic functions including recognition of faces, places, and sounds (music) • The hemispheric specializations are evident from studies of – Damage to one hemisphere (I.e. Broca’s area) – Split-brain subjects ...
... • Right hemisphere is dominant for non-linguistic functions including recognition of faces, places, and sounds (music) • The hemispheric specializations are evident from studies of – Damage to one hemisphere (I.e. Broca’s area) – Split-brain subjects ...
Angular directivity of diffracted wave in Bragg-mismatched A. Heifetz
... holographic grating. We show that the ESVM and the CWT theories taken together produce a self-consistent mathematical model of wave propagation inside the gratings that is confirmed with experimental results. Fig. 1 shows the model of a volume holographic grating which is used for our analysis. For s ...
... holographic grating. We show that the ESVM and the CWT theories taken together produce a self-consistent mathematical model of wave propagation inside the gratings that is confirmed with experimental results. Fig. 1 shows the model of a volume holographic grating which is used for our analysis. For s ...
Kaan Yücel M.D., Ph.D. http://fhs122.org
... The sympathetic system is the larger of the two parts of the autonomic system and is widely distributed throughout the body, innervating the heart and lungs, the muscle in the walls of many blood vessels, the hair follicles and the sweat glands, and many abdominopelvic viscera. The function of the s ...
... The sympathetic system is the larger of the two parts of the autonomic system and is widely distributed throughout the body, innervating the heart and lungs, the muscle in the walls of many blood vessels, the hair follicles and the sweat glands, and many abdominopelvic viscera. The function of the s ...
The NEURON Simulation Environment
... event. Since computations are performed only when an event occurs, total computation time is proportional to the number of events delivered and independent of the number of cells, number of connections, or problem time. Thus handling 100,000 spikes in one hour for 100 cells requires the same time as ...
... event. Since computations are performed only when an event occurs, total computation time is proportional to the number of events delivered and independent of the number of cells, number of connections, or problem time. Thus handling 100,000 spikes in one hour for 100 cells requires the same time as ...
Occlusion and brain function: mastication as a prevention of
... related to the development of dementia (1, 10–12). Here, we provide an overview of the interaction between mastication and the cognitive processes of learning and memory, focusing on the function of the hippocampus, which plays a pivotal role in the formation of new memories. First, we review recent ...
... related to the development of dementia (1, 10–12). Here, we provide an overview of the interaction between mastication and the cognitive processes of learning and memory, focusing on the function of the hippocampus, which plays a pivotal role in the formation of new memories. First, we review recent ...
The Autonomic Nervous System
... depolarization & excitation of postganglionic neuron and skeletal muscles. --Activation of muscarinic receptors by Ach: may lead to depolarization & hyperpolarization depending on the presence of these receptors. --Effects of cholinergic fibers are brief as Ach. Is quickly destroyed by acetylcholine ...
... depolarization & excitation of postganglionic neuron and skeletal muscles. --Activation of muscarinic receptors by Ach: may lead to depolarization & hyperpolarization depending on the presence of these receptors. --Effects of cholinergic fibers are brief as Ach. Is quickly destroyed by acetylcholine ...
Modeling Neural Mechanisms of Cognitive-Affective Interaction Abninder Litt () Chris Eliasmith ()
... which a stimulus is arousing, rather than its valence, that is related to amygdala activation (McClure, York & Montague, 2004). Classic results can be reinterpreted as showing that aversive stimuli are generally more arousing than rewarding ones, perhaps because of increased behavioral saliency. Ne ...
... which a stimulus is arousing, rather than its valence, that is related to amygdala activation (McClure, York & Montague, 2004). Classic results can be reinterpreted as showing that aversive stimuli are generally more arousing than rewarding ones, perhaps because of increased behavioral saliency. Ne ...
Cognitive approaches to the development of short
... visuospatial material1,2. These storage-based memory systems have themselves been distinguished from more flexible capacities to engage in many storage, processing, inhibition, and retrieval processes in complex cognitive activities such as language comprehension, mental arithmetic, and reasoning3–5 ...
... visuospatial material1,2. These storage-based memory systems have themselves been distinguished from more flexible capacities to engage in many storage, processing, inhibition, and retrieval processes in complex cognitive activities such as language comprehension, mental arithmetic, and reasoning3–5 ...
Preprint - University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences
... Sensory “encoding” models, which describe how the inputs to a neuron are converted into its responses, have proven effective in a broad array of sensory modalities, brain areas, and species (e.g. Eggermont, Aertsen and Johannesma 1983, Jones and Palmer 1987, DiCarlo, Johnson and Hsiao 1998). Within ...
... Sensory “encoding” models, which describe how the inputs to a neuron are converted into its responses, have proven effective in a broad array of sensory modalities, brain areas, and species (e.g. Eggermont, Aertsen and Johannesma 1983, Jones and Palmer 1987, DiCarlo, Johnson and Hsiao 1998). Within ...
nato cc
... differences and clinical applications, edited by E. Zaidel, M. Iacoboni, and A. P. Pacual-Leone, New York:Plenum Press, 1998 ...
... differences and clinical applications, edited by E. Zaidel, M. Iacoboni, and A. P. Pacual-Leone, New York:Plenum Press, 1998 ...
Training
... The hidden neurons define the state of the network. The output of the hidden layer is fed back to the input layer via a bank of unit delays. The input layer consists of a concatenation of feedback nodes and source nodes. The network is connected to the external environment via the source node. The n ...
... The hidden neurons define the state of the network. The output of the hidden layer is fed back to the input layer via a bank of unit delays. The input layer consists of a concatenation of feedback nodes and source nodes. The network is connected to the external environment via the source node. The n ...
Two Views of Cortex
... X, and Z is the number of neurons in the subset under consideration. For instance, one could identify an association with any one of the 45 possible pairs of active neurons in a subset of 10 with an efficiency of 50% provided that the neurons were active independently, the pair caused two neurons to ...
... X, and Z is the number of neurons in the subset under consideration. For instance, one could identify an association with any one of the 45 possible pairs of active neurons in a subset of 10 with an efficiency of 50% provided that the neurons were active independently, the pair caused two neurons to ...
Teacher Guide
... Neurons are nerve cells that are composed of three major sections, as shown in Fig. 1: the dendrites, the cell body, and the axon. These nerves cells transmit electrochemical signals to cells such as other neurons, muscles, and endocrine cells. This signal transmission is, for example, how the brain ...
... Neurons are nerve cells that are composed of three major sections, as shown in Fig. 1: the dendrites, the cell body, and the axon. These nerves cells transmit electrochemical signals to cells such as other neurons, muscles, and endocrine cells. This signal transmission is, for example, how the brain ...
Life and Death of Neurons in the Aging Brain
... and thereby playing a crucial role in memory (9, 10) (Fig. 1). This circuit is invariably devastated by extensive NF T formation in AD, even at the earliest stages of the disease (11). The layer II neurons of the EC are rich in neurofilament protein in the healthy state, but even after normal aging, ...
... and thereby playing a crucial role in memory (9, 10) (Fig. 1). This circuit is invariably devastated by extensive NF T formation in AD, even at the earliest stages of the disease (11). The layer II neurons of the EC are rich in neurofilament protein in the healthy state, but even after normal aging, ...
Laboratory Guide - Sites@Duke
... When you view the lateral aspect of a human brain specimen (Figures 4–6), three structures are usually visible: the cerebral hemisphere, the cerebellum, and part of the brainstem (although the brainstem is not visible in the specimen photographed in lateral view for Figure 6). The spinal cord has us ...
... When you view the lateral aspect of a human brain specimen (Figures 4–6), three structures are usually visible: the cerebral hemisphere, the cerebellum, and part of the brainstem (although the brainstem is not visible in the specimen photographed in lateral view for Figure 6). The spinal cord has us ...