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Superconducting Qubits and the Physics of Josephson Junctions
Superconducting Qubits and the Physics of Josephson Junctions

Transformations of Entangled Mixed States of Two Qubits
Transformations of Entangled Mixed States of Two Qubits

... the abbreviation bit), which could be either 0 or 1. In quantum information and computation the fundamental unit is called a quantum bit (with the abbreviation qubit)[31]. A qubit not only takes the values of either 0 or 1, but also it can take on values which are superpositions of both 0 and 1. In ...
Introduction to Quantum Information Science
Introduction to Quantum Information Science

... These criteria laid out by Divincenzo will be our guiding light for analyzing physical systems to determine if they are capable of becoming scalable universal quantum information processing systems. However, before we get into the physical systems, these criteria bring up some general terms which we ...
A low-resource quantum factoring algorithm
A low-resource quantum factoring algorithm

... 1.2. Discrete logarithms. The same idea can also be used for multiplicativegroup discrete logarithms. (On the other hand, the idea has no obvious impact upon the number of qubits needed for elliptic-curve discrete logarithms.) Specifically, the idea of NFS has been adapted to solving discrete-logari ...
Quantum_Computing
Quantum_Computing

... still foreseeable future, "Silicon dioxide may also need replacement as a gate dielectric material...this critical feature of a transistor will be so thin that the quantum mechanical effect called tunneling comes into play."3 Quantum tunneling is a phenomenon wherein individual particles, such as el ...
Quantum Computing - Computer Science and Engineering
Quantum Computing - Computer Science and Engineering

Quantum error correction
Quantum error correction

Tunability of Excited-State Energy Levels of Four
Tunability of Excited-State Energy Levels of Four

Logical error rate in the Pauli twirling approximation Amara Katabarwa
Logical error rate in the Pauli twirling approximation Amara Katabarwa

How Quantum Computers Fail - Einstein Institute of Mathematics
How Quantum Computers Fail - Einstein Institute of Mathematics

... computer cycle. Of course, qubit errors and gate errors propagate along the computation. The “overall error” describing the gap between the intended state of the computer and its noisy state takes into account also the cumulated effect of errors from earlier computer cycles. The basic picture we hav ...
Genetic Programming for Quantum Computers - Faculty
Genetic Programming for Quantum Computers - Faculty

... and qubit 2 as output, this can be notated in matrix form as shown in Figure 3. The work described in this paper uses CNOT, quantum NAND, and the additional Hadamard and rotation quantum gates shown in Figures 4 and 5. To apply these operators to a particular qubit (in the case of Hadamard and the r ...
Quantum control of a model qubit based on a multi - FaMAF
Quantum control of a model qubit based on a multi - FaMAF

7 Quantum Computing Applications of Genetic Programming
7 Quantum Computing Applications of Genetic Programming

... this scale are governed by the laws of quantum mechanics rather than by classical physics, and this makes it possible for a quantum computer to do things that a common digital (“classical”) computer cannot. In particular, quantum computers can solve certain problems using less time and space resourc ...
The Physical Implementation of Quantum Computation David P. DiVincenzo
The Physical Implementation of Quantum Computation David P. DiVincenzo

"Liquid-State NMR Quantum Computing" in
"Liquid-State NMR Quantum Computing" in

Synthesising arbitrary quantum states in a
Synthesising arbitrary quantum states in a

Gibbs paradox of entropy of mixing: Experimental facts, its rejection, and the theoretical consequences
Gibbs paradox of entropy of mixing: Experimental facts, its rejection, and the theoretical consequences

... Kekule structures of benzene, is the most prominent one. Resonance means the time average of several states used to represent a system [29]. The resonance principle has been skilfully used by Pauling (p. 12 of [28]) who attributed the resonance principle to Heisenberg [29]. In quantum mechanics, we ...
Liquid-State NMR Quantum Computing
Liquid-State NMR Quantum Computing

The Physics of Information
The Physics of Information

Implementing and Characterizing Precise Multiqubit Measurements
Implementing and Characterizing Precise Multiqubit Measurements

Notes on noise
Notes on noise

LETTERS Generation of Fock states in a superconducting quantum circuit
LETTERS Generation of Fock states in a superconducting quantum circuit

Maximizing the entanglement of two mixed qubits
Maximizing the entanglement of two mixed qubits

Understanding the effects of leakage in superconducting quantum-error-detection circuits hosh, wler, Martinis,
Understanding the effects of leakage in superconducting quantum-error-detection circuits hosh, wler, Martinis,

Quantum networks with trapped ions
Quantum networks with trapped ions

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Algorithmic cooling

Algorithmic cooling is a phenomenon in quantum computation in which the processing of certain types of computation results in negative entropy and thus a cooling effect.The phenomenon is a result of the connection between thermodynamics and information theory. In so far as information is encoded in physical systems it is subject to the laws of thermodynamics.Certain processes within computation require a change in entropy within the computing system. As data must be stored as some kind of ordered structure (like a localized charge in a capacitor) so the erasure of data by destroying this order must involve an increase in disorder, or entropy. This means that the erasure of data releases heat. This is Landauer's principle.Reversible computing or Adiabatic computing is a theoretical type of computing in which data is never erased, it just changes state or is marked to be ignored. In theory such a system would be able to ""hide"" data without releasing heat.In the case of quantum entangled data, or qubits, it is possible for a computation to result in negative entropy, actually transferring heat out of the computational system, and so cooling it.
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