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Conjunctivitis and chloramphenicol
Conjunctivitis and chloramphenicol

... ■ Copious purulent discharge that reaccumulates after being wiped away ■ Affected vision or pain in the eye ■ Patients with glaucoma or dry eye syndrome or who have had eye surgery or laser treatment in the past six months Contact lens wearers are prone to eye infections. Those with conjunctivitis s ...
Anterior Segment cornea
Anterior Segment cornea

... or hypertonic solutions is preferred because they create a flux from the inside of the ocular surface to its outside. running water and physiological serum do not have any absorption effect and only act by dilution and mechanical flow.12 ringer’s lactate and balanced saline solution (Bss) are better ...
Cataract surgery in the small eye
Cataract surgery in the small eye

... (IOLMaster, Carl Zeiss Meditec AG) or optical lowcoherence reflectometry (OLCR) (Lenstar, Haag-Streit AG). Partial coherence interferometry has demonstrated the capability of obtaining reproducible measurements to within 20 mm, which is 5-fold better than ultrasound biometry (UBM).20 Low-coherence r ...
Moving the Retina: Choroidal Modulation of Refractive State
Moving the Retina: Choroidal Modulation of Refractive State

... above, and on the resulting photographs two outlines-of the retinal pigment epithelium and of the inner scleral margin--were traced on a digitizing tablet. The spacing between these outlines represents choroidal thickness. To align normal eyes to form averages of their outlines, we took advantage of ...
Corneal complications of vernal keratoconjunctivitis
Corneal complications of vernal keratoconjunctivitis

... exposed to the effects of the various allergic inflammatory mediators. Corneal fibroblasts express receptors for the Th2 cytokines, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-13, which participate in allergic inflammation [3]. In addition, these cells produce eotaxin-1 in response to the Th2 cytokines. Corneal fibr ...
Microbiological procedures for diagnosis Of ocular infections
Microbiological procedures for diagnosis Of ocular infections

... with changes in the flora due to various factors. Microbial flora mainly consist of Staphylococcus epidermidis, S. aureus, Corynebacterium sps. and Propionibacterium acnes and with increasing age, Gram negative bacteria also become part of the flora. Microbial adherence to epithelial surface occurs ...
the necessity of an artificial eye
the necessity of an artificial eye

... ENLARGEMENT OR BUILD-UP. Plastic artificial eyes may be enlarged or to some extent changed in shape by the addition of new polymer. This procedure is most often used in new cases, especially at some time the first year following enucleation when a great deal of tissue recession is to be expected. Th ...
Co-Management Guide
Co-Management Guide

... The surgeon loosens the corneal epithelium with an alcohol-based chemical solution and gently removes the epithelial cells. The Nidek Excimer Laser EC5000 CXIII re-contours the corneal surface by ablating tissue to correct the refractive error and minimizing higher order aberrations. If PRK Xtra was ...
Conjunctivitis (Red Eye) - Boston Health Care for the Homeless
Conjunctivitis (Red Eye) - Boston Health Care for the Homeless

... non-sedating antihistamines, which are less likely to dry the eye. Nonspecific conjunctivitis is treated with lubricating eye drops. Topical antihistamines or decongestants can provide some relief. Topical steroids are rarely indicated for conjunctivitis, with the exception of some severe allergic c ...
Editorial: Chaharshanbe-Soori Fireworks and Public Health
Editorial: Chaharshanbe-Soori Fireworks and Public Health

... 11. Kuhn FC, Morris RC, Witherspoon DC, et al. Serious fireworks-related eye injuries. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2000;7(2):139-48. 12. Rahimi F, Mohammadi SF, Hashemian MN, et al. Angle recession in fireworks-related blunt eye injuries with hyphaema. Asian Journal of Ophthalmology 2006;8(2):62-5. 13. Man ...
Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology
Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology

... majority of alpha sphere composition is water and this closely resembles that of natural globe. The long term result of this porous implant is awaited. With the use of various implants over the years, now motility of implants and prosthesis has also become an important issue. The first prosthesis or ...
Chaharshanbe-Soori Fireworks and Public Health
Chaharshanbe-Soori Fireworks and Public Health

... Based on various reports, more than 10% of the casualties need hospitalization and surgical care. 13,14 But, the frequency of severe injuries is not limited to inpatient admissions: some eyes sustain devastating intraocular damage despite an intact globe from angle recession to traumatic cataract an ...
Glaucoma - I Care Eye Care
Glaucoma - I Care Eye Care

... (the colored part of the eye) in the ciliary body. It flows through the pupil (the dark hole in the center of the iris), and drains from the 'anterior chamber angle,' which is the junction between the edge of the iris and the cornea. If this outflow of liquid is impaired at all, there is a build-up ...
Equine Ophthalmology
Equine Ophthalmology

... of the retina, the laterality of the eyes, and the horizontal pupil facilitate tremendous peripheral vision for the horse standing with its head up. The horse has weak accommodative ability of the lens and therefore has limited near focus capability. The horse uses both eyes until an object approach ...
Unusual persistent fetal vasculature presentation in a premature baby
Unusual persistent fetal vasculature presentation in a premature baby

... to as PFV. Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous was the original term coined by Reese in 1955 [2]. In 1997, Goldberg suggested the term PFV, since it better represented the anatomy and pathology of the disorder [2, 3]. ...
File - Optometry Peer Tutoring
File - Optometry Peer Tutoring

...  e.g. keratoconus and cataract, which may produce ...
Corneal ectasia induced by laser in situ keratomileusis
Corneal ectasia induced by laser in situ keratomileusis

... ment with Seiler and Quurke17 and Buzard and coauthors,18 that thinning corneal disorders (eg, keratoconus and keratoconus suspects) are contraindications for performing LASIK. Geggel and Talley19 describe a 44-yearold woman who developed postoperative LASIK ectasia without evidence of preoperative ...
Visian ICL Product Information Visian ICL™ (Implantable Collamer
Visian ICL Product Information Visian ICL™ (Implantable Collamer

... information brochure for this product and inform these patients of the possible benefits and complications associated with the use of this device. 1. Patients with higher degrees of myopia experience lower efficacy and higher rates of adverse events and complications. ...
Supplementary Files 1
Supplementary Files 1

... Avicenna’s discussion of viriditate oculi can be translated as follows: On the greenness of the eye Moreover, greenness occurs either because of a cause in the tunicae or a cause in the humours. The cause in the humours is that, if it was glacial in the eye to a great quantity, and clear and white, ...
MD0805 5-1 LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 5 Review of Ocular
MD0805 5-1 LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 5 Review of Ocular

... bent to be focused on the retina. This type of lens condition can be corrected by the use of a concave lens. Figure 5-3a illustrates this condition and correction with a concave lens. b. Hypermetropia (Hyperopia)(”Far-Sightedness”). In hypermetropia, the parallel light rays entering the eye are not ...
Vision Aids for Impaired Peripheral Vision or Tunnel Vision
Vision Aids for Impaired Peripheral Vision or Tunnel Vision

... same meanings. These terms are usually reserved for use by people who have lost only a small part of their peripheral vision. Typically, these are people whose unaided horizontal visual fields are still 90 degrees or greater. (Normal unaided field widths range from 140 to 180 degrees.) DRIVING: Peop ...
Presbyopia - American Optometric Association
Presbyopia - American Optometric Association

... accommodation with increasing age continues to be attributed to hardening or sclerosing of the nuclear lens tissue and reduced elasticity of the accommodative mechanism.36-39 The mechanical ramifications of normal lens growth, ciliary muscle development, zonular fiber structure and placement, and le ...
Corneal Refractive Surgery - Whitewater Eye Centers, LLC
Corneal Refractive Surgery - Whitewater Eye Centers, LLC

... 1983. Marguerite B. McDonald, M.D., would later see excimer laser technology through the human clinical trials, with the first human eye being treated by her in 1989.1 Dr. Trokel’s vision of eliminating refractive errors via laser corneal refractive surgery came to fruition in October 1995 when the ...
Dominantly inherited unilateral retinal dysplasia
Dominantly inherited unilateral retinal dysplasia

... described in retinal dysplasia although vertical transmission has been described in PHPV.'5 One male and two, if not three, females are affected in our pedigree with probably little variability of gene expression. The possibility does remain, however, that this could be an X linked dominant ...
Wide-field optical model of the human eye with
Wide-field optical model of the human eye with

... Personalized eyes tailored to specific groups emerged soon thereafter, with models defined by Navarro et al. [48], Tabernero et al. [5], and Rosales and Marcos [49]. Later, Goncharov and Dainty incorporated a GRIN lens into their wide-field schematic eyes [50], creating separate models for each of t ...
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Contact lens



A contact lens, or simply contact, is a thin lens placed directly on the surface of the eye. Contact lenses are considered medical devices and can be worn to correct vision, or for cosmetic or therapeutic reasons. In 2004, it was estimated that 125 million people (2%) use contact lenses worldwide, including 28 to 38 million in the United States. In 2010, worldwide contact lens market was estimated at $6.1 billion, while the U.S. soft lens market is estimated at $2.1 billion. Multiple scientists have estimated that the global market will reach $11.7 billion by 2015. As of 2010, the average age of contact lens wearers globally was 31 years old and two thirds of wearers were female.People choose to wear contact lenses for many reasons. Aesthetics and cosmetics are often motivating factors for people who would like to avoid wearing glasses or would like to change the appearance of their eyes. Other people wear contacts for functional or optical reasons. When compared with spectacles, contact lenses typically provide better peripheral vision, and do not collect moisture such as rain, snow, condensation, or sweat. This makes them ideal for sports and other outdoor activities. Contact lens wearers can also wear sunglasses, goggles, or other eyewear of their choice without having to fit them with prescription lenses or worry about compatibility with glasses. Additionally, there are conditions such as keratoconus and aniseikonia that are typically corrected better by contacts than by glasses.
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