Quantum Thermodynamics: A Dynamical Viewpoint
... A thermodynamic tradition is learning by example. The model of a heat engine by Carnot [4] led to generalizations; the first and second law of thermodynamics. A quantum mechanical model of heat engines and refrigerators allows us to incorporate dynamics into thermodynamics. Two types of devices have ...
... A thermodynamic tradition is learning by example. The model of a heat engine by Carnot [4] led to generalizations; the first and second law of thermodynamics. A quantum mechanical model of heat engines and refrigerators allows us to incorporate dynamics into thermodynamics. Two types of devices have ...
Von Neumann algebra automorphisms and time
... in a general covariant context. If the system is not generally covariant and is in a Gibbs state, then this postulate reduces to the Hamilton equations, as we shall show. In the general case, on the other side, concrete examples show that the postulate leads to a surprisingly natural definition of t ...
... in a general covariant context. If the system is not generally covariant and is in a Gibbs state, then this postulate reduces to the Hamilton equations, as we shall show. In the general case, on the other side, concrete examples show that the postulate leads to a surprisingly natural definition of t ...
Orbital angular momentum
... Now examine the commutator R1 (φ1 )R2 (φ2 ) − R2 (φ2 )R1 (φ1 ), in the configuration where the body fixed and space fixed axes coincide before the rotations are made. The first rotation can then be replaced by a space fixed rotation. So, for example, the first term above can be written as R1 (φ1 )Ry ...
... Now examine the commutator R1 (φ1 )R2 (φ2 ) − R2 (φ2 )R1 (φ1 ), in the configuration where the body fixed and space fixed axes coincide before the rotations are made. The first rotation can then be replaced by a space fixed rotation. So, for example, the first term above can be written as R1 (φ1 )Ry ...
Randomness and Multi-level Interactions in Biology1
... Now, which scientific notion of randomness do we need to grasp the biological notions of “contingency” and of “possible” (evolutionary/ontogenetic) path? This is a crucial question never really seriously tackled by scholars of the life sciences, but needing to be analyzed if we want to advance beyon ...
... Now, which scientific notion of randomness do we need to grasp the biological notions of “contingency” and of “possible” (evolutionary/ontogenetic) path? This is a crucial question never really seriously tackled by scholars of the life sciences, but needing to be analyzed if we want to advance beyon ...
Reversible vs. Quantum Computing
... low the CPU programmer to code a custransactions in databases, parallel simutom reversible algorithm for the problem lations, or multi-player games, or to back at hand. The program itself will tell the up to an earlier state to deal with runtime computer exactly when and how to unexceptions, to repa ...
... low the CPU programmer to code a custransactions in databases, parallel simutom reversible algorithm for the problem lations, or multi-player games, or to back at hand. The program itself will tell the up to an earlier state to deal with runtime computer exactly when and how to unexceptions, to repa ...
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... coincide with each other. Figure 4(a) displays the transmission and reflection spectra for the conditions of d = 6, g = 1, δ = 0, and k0 . Figure 4(c) demonstrates the two functions X and Y numerically. One can identify that the intersections of X and Y are the zeros of R. However, for the case of K ...
... coincide with each other. Figure 4(a) displays the transmission and reflection spectra for the conditions of d = 6, g = 1, δ = 0, and k0 . Figure 4(c) demonstrates the two functions X and Y numerically. One can identify that the intersections of X and Y are the zeros of R. However, for the case of K ...
Photon echo with a few photons in two-level atoms
... Accepted for publication 14 April 2014 Published 15 August 2014 Abstract ...
... Accepted for publication 14 April 2014 Published 15 August 2014 Abstract ...
10 Time Reversal Symmetry in Quantum Mechanics
... If x → x, p → −p under time reversal, then this commutation relation no longer holds. How to solve this problem? It was realized by Wigner that in quantum mechanics, time reversal has to be defined in a very special way different from all other symmetries. Time reversal operator is anti-unitary: it ...
... If x → x, p → −p under time reversal, then this commutation relation no longer holds. How to solve this problem? It was realized by Wigner that in quantum mechanics, time reversal has to be defined in a very special way different from all other symmetries. Time reversal operator is anti-unitary: it ...
The uncertainty relations in quantum mechanics
... gave intuitive formulation of three manifestations of uncertainty relations: (i) the uncertainty relations for the widths/spreads representing the intrinsic fluctuations of the distributions of two conjugate dynamical variables in a quantum state; (ii) for the inaccuracy of a measurement of one of t ...
... gave intuitive formulation of three manifestations of uncertainty relations: (i) the uncertainty relations for the widths/spreads representing the intrinsic fluctuations of the distributions of two conjugate dynamical variables in a quantum state; (ii) for the inaccuracy of a measurement of one of t ...
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... us consider evaluation of such a basic atomic property as ionization potentials Ia of neutral atoms.9 Modern quantum mechanics is capable of doing this numerically with rather high accuracy, taking into account relativistic effects (important mostly for heavy atoms in the vicinity of nucleus) and av ...
... us consider evaluation of such a basic atomic property as ionization potentials Ia of neutral atoms.9 Modern quantum mechanics is capable of doing this numerically with rather high accuracy, taking into account relativistic effects (important mostly for heavy atoms in the vicinity of nucleus) and av ...
Quantum teleportation
Quantum teleportation is a process by which quantum information (e.g. the exact state of an atom or photon) can be transmitted (exactly, in principle) from one location to another, with the help of classical communication and previously shared quantum entanglement between the sending and receiving location. Because it depends on classical communication, which can proceed no faster than the speed of light, it cannot be used for faster-than-light transport or communication of classical bits. It also cannot be used to make copies of a system, as this violates the no-cloning theorem. While it has proven possible to teleport one or more qubits of information between two (entangled) atoms, this has not yet been achieved between molecules or anything larger.Although the name is inspired by the teleportation commonly used in fiction, there is no relationship outside the name, because quantum teleportation concerns only the transfer of information. Quantum teleportation is not a form of transportation, but of communication; it provides a way of transporting a qubit from one location to another, without having to move a physical particle along with it.The seminal paper first expounding the idea was published by C. H. Bennett, G. Brassard, C. Crépeau, R. Jozsa, A. Peres and W. K. Wootters in 1993. Since then, quantum teleportation was first realized with single photons and later demonstrated with various material systems such as atoms, ions, electrons and superconducting circuits. The record distance for quantum teleportation is 143 km (89 mi).