Causality in quantum mechanics
... The problem of the physical origin of the arrow of time is one of long standing [14]. Basic physics is essentially time symmetric but we observe a strong asymmetry in nature. We remember the past but not the future and we feel we have some control over future events but not over past events. The lat ...
... The problem of the physical origin of the arrow of time is one of long standing [14]. Basic physics is essentially time symmetric but we observe a strong asymmetry in nature. We remember the past but not the future and we feel we have some control over future events but not over past events. The lat ...
7. Some Modern Applications of Quantum Mechanics
... ‘What is particularly curious about quantum theory is that there can be actual physical effects arising from what philosophers refer to as counterfactuals-that is, things that might have happened, although they did not in fact happen’ [Penrose, 2005, p. 240]. ...
... ‘What is particularly curious about quantum theory is that there can be actual physical effects arising from what philosophers refer to as counterfactuals-that is, things that might have happened, although they did not in fact happen’ [Penrose, 2005, p. 240]. ...
Chapter 11 Coordination Chemistry III: Electronic Spectra
... Reduce microstate table into its commponent free-ion terms. The spin multiplicity is the same as the # of microstates. Each terms has different energies; they represent three states with different degrees of electron-electron interactions. Which term has the lowest energy. This can be done by using ...
... Reduce microstate table into its commponent free-ion terms. The spin multiplicity is the same as the # of microstates. Each terms has different energies; they represent three states with different degrees of electron-electron interactions. Which term has the lowest energy. This can be done by using ...
Chapter 6
... number of complex components. In the context of a certain subset of observables, a quanton’s state vector has as many components as there are possible values for any one of the subset’s basic observables. Even so, the components of this vector do not correspond to the values of that or any other obs ...
... number of complex components. In the context of a certain subset of observables, a quanton’s state vector has as many components as there are possible values for any one of the subset’s basic observables. Even so, the components of this vector do not correspond to the values of that or any other obs ...
Giovannini, D., Romero, J., Leach, J., Dudley, A, Forbes, A, and
... for a number of low-dimensional cases, it is possible to find complete sets of MUBs using simple procedures [33]. For these cases, which include the dimensions 2–5, the states fj‘ig can be chosen to be one of the MUBs. The states belonging to the remaining d MUBs are found to be superpositions of th ...
... for a number of low-dimensional cases, it is possible to find complete sets of MUBs using simple procedures [33]. For these cases, which include the dimensions 2–5, the states fj‘ig can be chosen to be one of the MUBs. The states belonging to the remaining d MUBs are found to be superpositions of th ...
Fisher information in quantum statistics
... optimal rate at which one can distinguish between different states does not follow from the quantum information matrix in the way one would expect from analogy with classical Fisher information. Moreover it depends on some weighting of the different aspects of the states which one wants to distingui ...
... optimal rate at which one can distinguish between different states does not follow from the quantum information matrix in the way one would expect from analogy with classical Fisher information. Moreover it depends on some weighting of the different aspects of the states which one wants to distingui ...
Quantum Optics - University of Arizona
... with his corpuscular theory of light. A decisive work in 1801 by T. Young, on the two-slit diffraction pattern, showed that the wave version of optics was much to be preferred over the corpuscular form. However, so high was the prestige of I. Newton, that the ...
... with his corpuscular theory of light. A decisive work in 1801 by T. Young, on the two-slit diffraction pattern, showed that the wave version of optics was much to be preferred over the corpuscular form. However, so high was the prestige of I. Newton, that the ...
Commentary - Absurd Being
... epicycles, deferents and equants, while at the same time having a wildly inaccurate understanding of the solar system. And what do we see scientists doing today? Explaining, to unprecedented degrees of accuracy, experimental observations with recourse to notions like particles actually taking every ...
... epicycles, deferents and equants, while at the same time having a wildly inaccurate understanding of the solar system. And what do we see scientists doing today? Explaining, to unprecedented degrees of accuracy, experimental observations with recourse to notions like particles actually taking every ...
REVIEW OF WAVE MECHANICS
... answer of course is that only the de Broglie waves satisfy the eigenvalue equation of Px , and that the corresponding eigenvalues are p x k . Furthermore these eigenvalues are the quantities one measures in an experiment. Thus the operator Px i ...
... answer of course is that only the de Broglie waves satisfy the eigenvalue equation of Px , and that the corresponding eigenvalues are p x k . Furthermore these eigenvalues are the quantities one measures in an experiment. Thus the operator Px i ...
Free Fields, Harmonic Oscillators, and Identical Bosons
... theories, interactions also allow for creation and destruction of particles; such processes have to be described in terms of the Fock space rather than a fixed–N Hilbert space. In nonrelativistic theories, the net particle number N is sometimes conserved, sometimes not, but even when it is conserved ...
... theories, interactions also allow for creation and destruction of particles; such processes have to be described in terms of the Fock space rather than a fixed–N Hilbert space. In nonrelativistic theories, the net particle number N is sometimes conserved, sometimes not, but even when it is conserved ...
The strange link between the human mind and quantum physics
... diffraction when a stream of them passes through the two slits, producing an interference pattern. Now suppose that the quantum particles are sent through the slits one by one, and their arrival at the screen is likewise seen one by one. Now there is apparently nothing for each particle to interfere ...
... diffraction when a stream of them passes through the two slits, producing an interference pattern. Now suppose that the quantum particles are sent through the slits one by one, and their arrival at the screen is likewise seen one by one. Now there is apparently nothing for each particle to interfere ...
The Learnability of Quantum States
... Alice sends a+O(log N) bits and Merlin sends w bits Proof: Alice divides x into w-bit substrings. She then encodes each one with an error-correcting code, and sends Bob a random k along with the kth bit of each codeword. Merlin sends the substring containing xi. ...
... Alice sends a+O(log N) bits and Merlin sends w bits Proof: Alice divides x into w-bit substrings. She then encodes each one with an error-correcting code, and sends Bob a random k along with the kth bit of each codeword. Merlin sends the substring containing xi. ...
Bell's theorem
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Bell's theorem is a ‘no-go theorem’ that draws an important distinction between quantum mechanics (QM) and the world as described by classical mechanics. This theorem is named after John Stewart Bell.In its simplest form, Bell's theorem states:Cornell solid-state physicist David Mermin has described the appraisals of the importance of Bell's theorem in the physics community as ranging from ""indifference"" to ""wild extravagance"". Lawrence Berkeley particle physicist Henry Stapp declared: ""Bell's theorem is the most profound discovery of science.""Bell's theorem rules out local hidden variables as a viable explanation of quantum mechanics (though it still leaves the door open for non-local hidden variables). Bell concluded:Bell summarized one of the least popular ways to address the theorem, superdeterminism, in a 1985 BBC Radio interview: