High-Intensity Aerobic Interval Exercise in Chronic Heart Failure
... VO2peak (peak power output or PPO). In a cross-over study, 3 different work/recovery interval durations were investigated: 30/60 seconds, 15/60 seconds and 10/60 seconds, with respective work intensities of 50 %, 70 % and 80 % of MSEC and the same recovery intensity of 15 Watts. All three protocols ...
... VO2peak (peak power output or PPO). In a cross-over study, 3 different work/recovery interval durations were investigated: 30/60 seconds, 15/60 seconds and 10/60 seconds, with respective work intensities of 50 %, 70 % and 80 % of MSEC and the same recovery intensity of 15 Watts. All three protocols ...
Congenital Heart Disease Internal Medicine
... Clinical Signs & Symptoms Hyperactive precordium Normal or accentuated 1st hrt sound Wide, fixed splitting of S2 Pulmonary systolic ejection murmur w/thrill Holosystolic murmur @ apex w/radiation to axilla Mid-diastolic rumbling murmur @ LSB ...
... Clinical Signs & Symptoms Hyperactive precordium Normal or accentuated 1st hrt sound Wide, fixed splitting of S2 Pulmonary systolic ejection murmur w/thrill Holosystolic murmur @ apex w/radiation to axilla Mid-diastolic rumbling murmur @ LSB ...
Arrhythmia
... *How and why does atropine work to increase rate? What are examples of drugs that lower rate and may lead to a sinus bradycardia? (P. 854) 5. Sick Sinus Syndrome – SSS (sinus node dysfunction; conduction problem; may experience multiple rhythm changes) a. Dysfunction of sinus node often with aging; ...
... *How and why does atropine work to increase rate? What are examples of drugs that lower rate and may lead to a sinus bradycardia? (P. 854) 5. Sick Sinus Syndrome – SSS (sinus node dysfunction; conduction problem; may experience multiple rhythm changes) a. Dysfunction of sinus node often with aging; ...
Prolonged administration of a dithiol antioxidant protects - AJP
... digested with RNase, and the protected fragments were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The detection and quantitation of the individual protected fragments were accomplished by Phosphorimager densitometry (Molecular Dynamics, Sunnyvale, CA). The densitometry values for each mRNA spec ...
... digested with RNase, and the protected fragments were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The detection and quantitation of the individual protected fragments were accomplished by Phosphorimager densitometry (Molecular Dynamics, Sunnyvale, CA). The densitometry values for each mRNA spec ...
Understanding your child`s heart Pulmonary stenosis
... can even cause death if it is not treated. Most children have only mild pulmonary stenosis and don’t need any treatment at all, even when they are older. However, in some children the valve can become more narrowed as time goes by. So you will need to take your child for regular check-ups at the out ...
... can even cause death if it is not treated. Most children have only mild pulmonary stenosis and don’t need any treatment at all, even when they are older. However, in some children the valve can become more narrowed as time goes by. So you will need to take your child for regular check-ups at the out ...
AFA Australia Atrial Flutter FACT sheet
... chambers of the heart (atria) beat very rapidly. The atria are responsible for the control of the heart rate, so this usually results in your pulse becoming fast and often regular. A person may not feel any symptoms when the heart rhythm changes from normal rhythm to Atrial Flutter – it may only be ...
... chambers of the heart (atria) beat very rapidly. The atria are responsible for the control of the heart rate, so this usually results in your pulse becoming fast and often regular. A person may not feel any symptoms when the heart rhythm changes from normal rhythm to Atrial Flutter – it may only be ...
Ventricular Arterial Stiffening
... discussed later in this review, there is a growing body of data supporting such signaling and its role in enhancing organ perfusion. However, this may require normal vascular distensibility and thus may be compromised in stiff arteries. In contrast, chronic increases in pulse pressure (Figure 1A) ca ...
... discussed later in this review, there is a growing body of data supporting such signaling and its role in enhancing organ perfusion. However, this may require normal vascular distensibility and thus may be compromised in stiff arteries. In contrast, chronic increases in pulse pressure (Figure 1A) ca ...
Form versus disease: optimizing geometry during ventricular
... The downward trajectory for death after aortic insufficiency is steeper than for aortic stenosis because LVESVI is higher pre-operatively. Furthermore, late follow-up studies after aortic valve surgery show that chronic CHF and sudden death cause mortality [17] reproducing the same fatal consequence ...
... The downward trajectory for death after aortic insufficiency is steeper than for aortic stenosis because LVESVI is higher pre-operatively. Furthermore, late follow-up studies after aortic valve surgery show that chronic CHF and sudden death cause mortality [17] reproducing the same fatal consequence ...
The Successful Management of a Penetrating Cardiac Injury in a
... Penetrating cardiac injuries are relatively rare but have a very high mortality rate. The key to successful management of a penetrating cardiac injury is early diagnosis and emergency surgical intervention. Echocardiography can decrease the time needed to establish a diagnosis of penetrating cardiac ...
... Penetrating cardiac injuries are relatively rare but have a very high mortality rate. The key to successful management of a penetrating cardiac injury is early diagnosis and emergency surgical intervention. Echocardiography can decrease the time needed to establish a diagnosis of penetrating cardiac ...
Left ventricular wall rupture following non penetrating trauma to the
... was repaired and patient had good postoperative recovery. In our case too, there was partial thickness laceration of left ventricle but there was rupture of marginal branch of left circumflex artery, haemopericardium was diagnosed at autopsy as patient did not receive any treatment and was brought d ...
... was repaired and patient had good postoperative recovery. In our case too, there was partial thickness laceration of left ventricle but there was rupture of marginal branch of left circumflex artery, haemopericardium was diagnosed at autopsy as patient did not receive any treatment and was brought d ...
Effect of Heart Rate on Aortic Insufficiency as Measured by a Dye
... ignored, since left ventricular pressure was not measured in these experiments. The fact that left ventricular pressure certainly rises during the course of diastole would make the discrepancy between measured change in backflow with change in heart rate and that predicted by any of these models eve ...
... ignored, since left ventricular pressure was not measured in these experiments. The fact that left ventricular pressure certainly rises during the course of diastole would make the discrepancy between measured change in backflow with change in heart rate and that predicted by any of these models eve ...
- Carolina Digital Repository
... increases, exceeds aortic pressure and the aortic valve opens, ejection occurs, LV volume drops and the aortic valve closes (Otto, 2004). LV systolic function is best described by contraction and is affected by heart rate, preload and afterload (Otto, 2004). Optimal performance of the LV is depende ...
... increases, exceeds aortic pressure and the aortic valve opens, ejection occurs, LV volume drops and the aortic valve closes (Otto, 2004). LV systolic function is best described by contraction and is affected by heart rate, preload and afterload (Otto, 2004). Optimal performance of the LV is depende ...
Advanced (Stage D) Heart Failure - Heart Failure Society of America
... recently evolved. Although the latter is likely a compendium of disorders for which even the natural history remains unclear and the optimal treatment strategy unresolved, there are clearly patients with HFpEF who meet the definition of stage D. Identification of patients in stage D is a clinically ...
... recently evolved. Although the latter is likely a compendium of disorders for which even the natural history remains unclear and the optimal treatment strategy unresolved, there are clearly patients with HFpEF who meet the definition of stage D. Identification of patients in stage D is a clinically ...
Echocardiographic assessment of right heart indices in dogs with
... ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate right ventricular (RV) remodeling and right heart failure associated with different causes of elevated pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) in dogs. In total, 169 client-owned dogs with tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and 40 client-owned clinically healthy d ...
... ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate right ventricular (RV) remodeling and right heart failure associated with different causes of elevated pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) in dogs. In total, 169 client-owned dogs with tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and 40 client-owned clinically healthy d ...
pressure-volume measurements by conductance catheter method in
... Measurement of right ventricular volume is difficult because of the intricate shape of the chamber, often described as a 3-dimensional crescent, with an outflow tract almost the same length as the distance from tricuspid valve to apex. Heavy trabeculation of the endocardial wall further complicates ...
... Measurement of right ventricular volume is difficult because of the intricate shape of the chamber, often described as a 3-dimensional crescent, with an outflow tract almost the same length as the distance from tricuspid valve to apex. Heavy trabeculation of the endocardial wall further complicates ...
Pathogenic Gut Flora in Patients With
... BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that translocation of gut flora and/or their toxins from the intestine to the bloodstream is a possible trigger of systemic CHF inflammation. However, the relation between pathogenic gut flora and CHF severity, as well as IP, venous blood congestion as right atrial pressure ...
... BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that translocation of gut flora and/or their toxins from the intestine to the bloodstream is a possible trigger of systemic CHF inflammation. However, the relation between pathogenic gut flora and CHF severity, as well as IP, venous blood congestion as right atrial pressure ...
Crafting The Perfect Shock
... rhythm of the impulse as it travels along, and the most dangerous kind of these arrhythmias is ventricular fibrillation, which is typically the cause of death in someone who is electrocuted. What brings on death is the uncoordinated electrical activation of the heart’s main pumping chambers. The he ...
... rhythm of the impulse as it travels along, and the most dangerous kind of these arrhythmias is ventricular fibrillation, which is typically the cause of death in someone who is electrocuted. What brings on death is the uncoordinated electrical activation of the heart’s main pumping chambers. The he ...
Heart Failure in Non-Caucasians, Women, and Older Adults: A
... that 26% of Hispanics reported having hypertension, and 27% with high blood pressure were not taking medication regularly.38 Hispanics with HF are more likely to be younger and underinsured than non-Hispanic Caucasians.39 Data from epidemiologic studies suggest that Hispanics have higher rates of di ...
... that 26% of Hispanics reported having hypertension, and 27% with high blood pressure were not taking medication regularly.38 Hispanics with HF are more likely to be younger and underinsured than non-Hispanic Caucasians.39 Data from epidemiologic studies suggest that Hispanics have higher rates of di ...
Experiment AM-6: Frog Electrocardiogram
... atria contract after the sinus venosus, the ventricle contracts after the atria, and the aortic trunk contracts after the ventricle. The sinus venosus receives blood from the venae cavae, the major vein that collects blood from all the other veins that drain from the systemic circulation. When the s ...
... atria contract after the sinus venosus, the ventricle contracts after the atria, and the aortic trunk contracts after the ventricle. The sinus venosus receives blood from the venae cavae, the major vein that collects blood from all the other veins that drain from the systemic circulation. When the s ...
DIABETES MELLITUS INCREASES PLASMA CARDIOTHROPHIN
... study cohort. We also excluded patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction lower than 50%. Our results are important because they suggest an increase in the serum levels of CT-1 in diabetic patients without systolic dysfunction. To date, many studies have revealed that hypertension and heart ...
... study cohort. We also excluded patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction lower than 50%. Our results are important because they suggest an increase in the serum levels of CT-1 in diabetic patients without systolic dysfunction. To date, many studies have revealed that hypertension and heart ...
A Case of Wide Complex Tachycardia in a Patient with a
... bridge to transplant or as destination therapy, there have been more reports of the presence and implications of arrhythmias associated with such devices. This case report illustrates that although patients with underlying heart failure requiring VADs may have a high pretest probability of having ve ...
... bridge to transplant or as destination therapy, there have been more reports of the presence and implications of arrhythmias associated with such devices. This case report illustrates that although patients with underlying heart failure requiring VADs may have a high pretest probability of having ve ...
High Arteriovenous (AV) Access Flow and Cardiac Complications
... output and access flow. Access flow is usually approximately 20% of cardiac output. As access flow increases, so does cardiac output. The only reason that we do not see this problem in many patients, is because only a small proportion of patients have access flow approaching or greater than 2 L/min. ...
... output and access flow. Access flow is usually approximately 20% of cardiac output. As access flow increases, so does cardiac output. The only reason that we do not see this problem in many patients, is because only a small proportion of patients have access flow approaching or greater than 2 L/min. ...
MYOCARDITIS
... • A variety of cardiac symptoms can be induced by myocarditis – Chest pain may occur, usually due to concomitant pericarditis – Excessive fatigue or decreased exercise ability may be the initial sign of myocardial dysfunction – Since both ventricles are generally involved, patients develop biventri ...
... • A variety of cardiac symptoms can be induced by myocarditis – Chest pain may occur, usually due to concomitant pericarditis – Excessive fatigue or decreased exercise ability may be the initial sign of myocardial dysfunction – Since both ventricles are generally involved, patients develop biventri ...
Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
... bidirectional VT [14] and it is recommended that the ICD be programmed with long detection times [15]. According to the current available Guidelines, implantation of an ICD with use of beta-blockers are considered to be a class I indication for patients with CPVT who are survivors of cardiac arrest ...
... bidirectional VT [14] and it is recommended that the ICD be programmed with long detection times [15]. According to the current available Guidelines, implantation of an ICD with use of beta-blockers are considered to be a class I indication for patients with CPVT who are survivors of cardiac arrest ...
Ventricular haemodynamics in Python molurus: separation of
... lizards, and although unlikely to be common among squamates, it may exist in more species than previous acknowledged. Ventricular pressure separation, however, does not occur in the snakes Vipera berus, Natrix and Thamnophis (Johansen, 1959; Burggren, 1977) and large cardiac shunts have been reporte ...
... lizards, and although unlikely to be common among squamates, it may exist in more species than previous acknowledged. Ventricular pressure separation, however, does not occur in the snakes Vipera berus, Natrix and Thamnophis (Johansen, 1959; Burggren, 1977) and large cardiac shunts have been reporte ...
Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. The terms chronic heart failure (CHF) or congestive cardiac failure (CCF) are often used interchangeably with congestive heart failure. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature.Common causes of heart failure include coronary artery disease including a previous myocardial infarction (heart attack), high blood pressure, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, excess alcohol use, infection, and cardiomyopathy of an unknown cause. These cause heart failure by changing either the structure or the functioning of the heart. There are two main types of heart failure: heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure with normal ejection fraction depending on if the ability of the left ventricle to contract is affected, or the heart's ability to relax. The severity of disease is usually graded by the degree of problems with exercise. Heart failure is not the same as myocardial infarction (in which part of the heart muscle dies) or cardiac arrest (in which blood flow stops altogether). Other diseases that may have symptoms similar to heart failure include obesity, kidney failure, liver problems, anemia and thyroid disease.The condition is diagnosed based on the history of the symptoms and a physical examination with confirmation by echocardiography. Blood tests, electrocardiography, and chest radiography may be useful to determine the underlying cause. Treatment depends on the severity and cause of the disease. In people with chronic stable mild heart failure, treatment commonly consists of lifestyle modifications such as stopping smoking, physical exercise, and dietary changes, as well as medications. In those with heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers along with beta blockers are recommended. For those with severe disease, aldosterone antagonists, or hydralazine plus a nitrate may be used. Diuretics are useful for preventing fluid retention. Sometimes, depending on the cause, an implanted device such as a pacemaker or an implantable cardiac defibrillator may be recommended. In some moderate or severe cases cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) may be suggested or cardiac contractility modulation may be of benefit. A ventricular assist device or occasionally a heart transplant may be recommended in those with severe disease despite all other measures.Heart failure is a common, costly, and potentially fatal condition. In developed countries, around 2% of adults have heart failure and in those over the age of 65, this increases to 6–10%. In the year after diagnosis the risk of death is about 35% after which it decreases to below 10% each year. This is similar to the risks with a number of types of cancer. In the United Kingdom the disease is the reason for 5% of emergency hospital admissions. Heart failure has been known since ancient times with the Ebers papyrus commenting on it around 1550 BCE.