Against Dogma: On Superluminal Propagation in Classical
... along null geodesics, insofar as points of constant phase in the waveform may be said to propagate along such curves. And thus, since null curves have velocity c relative to any observer, we have a sense in which these solutions propagate at the speed of light. The field k a has a natural interpreta ...
... along null geodesics, insofar as points of constant phase in the waveform may be said to propagate along such curves. And thus, since null curves have velocity c relative to any observer, we have a sense in which these solutions propagate at the speed of light. The field k a has a natural interpreta ...
Research Article Generalized Buneman Dispersion
... types of instabilities dissipate the particle energy into the plasma waves or other plasma disturbances. In some sense all these instabilities are opposite to the well-known Landau damping predicted in 1946, in which particles can gain the energy from the wave modes [13]. Details of the variety of B ...
... types of instabilities dissipate the particle energy into the plasma waves or other plasma disturbances. In some sense all these instabilities are opposite to the well-known Landau damping predicted in 1946, in which particles can gain the energy from the wave modes [13]. Details of the variety of B ...
Pre-Health Physics Review
... To create what are called standing waves (we will play with these in the last lab), we need to create constructive interference from both ends. This leads to the following condition: #(/2) = L , which says: we need an integer number of half wavelengths to “fit” on the Length of the string for stand ...
... To create what are called standing waves (we will play with these in the last lab), we need to create constructive interference from both ends. This leads to the following condition: #(/2) = L , which says: we need an integer number of half wavelengths to “fit” on the Length of the string for stand ...
12. MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
... true"!). In relativity we must change Newton's II law F = ma since m is not constant. We can use the momentum instead : F = ma = m(v-u) = mv - mu and then impulse = Ft = change in momentum = p = mv - mu which for an infinitely short time dt becomes: Fdt = dp and dividing with dt then: F = dp/dt (f ...
... true"!). In relativity we must change Newton's II law F = ma since m is not constant. We can use the momentum instead : F = ma = m(v-u) = mv - mu and then impulse = Ft = change in momentum = p = mv - mu which for an infinitely short time dt becomes: Fdt = dp and dividing with dt then: F = dp/dt (f ...
Effective Field Theory Description of the Higher Dimensional
... charges, respectively. I is quantized to be an integer or a half-integer. We are interested in the limit of infinite I and r , such that the ratio I /r 2 is fixed. The many-body electronic system can be thought of as an incompressible liquid on S 2 . In the strong magnetic field limit, or in the lim ...
... charges, respectively. I is quantized to be an integer or a half-integer. We are interested in the limit of infinite I and r , such that the ratio I /r 2 is fixed. The many-body electronic system can be thought of as an incompressible liquid on S 2 . In the strong magnetic field limit, or in the lim ...
Magnetism
... This additional force is called the magnetic force. All magnetic forces are caused by the motion of charged objects. This means that even the magnetic effects of a bar magnet are caused by moving electric charges. But how could that be? You don't plug in a bar magnet! The answer has to do with the f ...
... This additional force is called the magnetic force. All magnetic forces are caused by the motion of charged objects. This means that even the magnetic effects of a bar magnet are caused by moving electric charges. But how could that be? You don't plug in a bar magnet! The answer has to do with the f ...
Electromagnetism 电磁学
... Difference between classical and modern physics While physics aims to discover universal laws, its theories lie in explicit domains of applicability. Loosely speaking, the laws of classical physics accurately describe systems whose important length scales are greater than the atomic scale and whose ...
... Difference between classical and modern physics While physics aims to discover universal laws, its theories lie in explicit domains of applicability. Loosely speaking, the laws of classical physics accurately describe systems whose important length scales are greater than the atomic scale and whose ...
advanced higher content statements
... 3.2 Interference – division of amplitude 1 State in simple terms the condition for two light beams to be coherent. 2 State the reasons why the conditions for coherence are usually more difficult to satisfy for light than for sound and microwaves. 3 Define the term ‘optical path difference’ and relat ...
... 3.2 Interference – division of amplitude 1 State in simple terms the condition for two light beams to be coherent. 2 State the reasons why the conditions for coherence are usually more difficult to satisfy for light than for sound and microwaves. 3 Define the term ‘optical path difference’ and relat ...
(c) 2013-2014
... paper showed that @u Az was composed of Nzj (u uj ) terms where the uj corresponded to the timing of wavefronts of massless charged particles approaching I + contributing to the full Nz . When accelerations are assumed to take place over a long time frame, so that the radiated power is minimized whi ...
... paper showed that @u Az was composed of Nzj (u uj ) terms where the uj corresponded to the timing of wavefronts of massless charged particles approaching I + contributing to the full Nz . When accelerations are assumed to take place over a long time frame, so that the radiated power is minimized whi ...
Document
... in the azimuthal direction, perpendicular both to the direction of the concentration gradient (Vn II r ), and to the magnetic field ( H II Oz ) . [1] The diffusion of the electrons and ions towards the walls in a tube with non-conducting walls is ambipolar, with total velocity Vr = - DaVn/n. To the ...
... in the azimuthal direction, perpendicular both to the direction of the concentration gradient (Vn II r ), and to the magnetic field ( H II Oz ) . [1] The diffusion of the electrons and ions towards the walls in a tube with non-conducting walls is ambipolar, with total velocity Vr = - DaVn/n. To the ...
Time in physics
Time in physics is defined by its measurement: time is what a clock reads. In classical, non-relativistic physics it is a scalar quantity and, like length, mass, and charge, is usually described as a fundamental quantity. Time can be combined mathematically with other physical quantities to derive other concepts such as motion, kinetic energy and time-dependent fields. Timekeeping is a complex of technological and scientific issues, and part of the foundation of recordkeeping.