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Urinary Tract Infections
Urinary Tract Infections

... Antibiotics should not be given unless the resident has a UTI. Taking antibiotics when they are not needed can lead to other serious medical problems including diarrhea, yeast infections and infections later on that cannot be cured with antibiotics. Why are antibiotics sometimes stopped or changed w ...
Palliative Care for Advanced Heart Failure: An Overview
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ventricular tachycardia
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Frog Heart Physiology
Frog Heart Physiology

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12. What type of tissue carries small electrical currents to the muscles?
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Supraventricular tachycardia
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CARDIAC BIOMARKERS: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
CARDIAC BIOMARKERS: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE

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... limited to either men or women, although women may have a higher frequency of HSV-1 infection. However, if a different physiologic or emotional response to stress in women generally leads to a different clinical expression of HSV-1 infection, then recurrent exacerbations of herpesvirus infection in ...
Serum Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein Predicts Cardiac
Serum Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein Predicts Cardiac

... unclear6−9). Ageing is associated with important structural and functional changes in the vascular system and the heart, but little is known about how ageing interacts with the pathophysiology underlying the process of developing heart failure. Our present data suggest that ongoing cardiomyocyte dam ...
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Rheumatic fever



Rheumatic fever, also known as acute rheumatic fever (ARF), is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a throat infection. Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and a characteristic but uncommon non itchy rash known as erythema marginatum. The heart is involved in about half of cases. Permanent damage to the heart valves, known as rheumatic heart disease (RHD), usually only occurs after multiple attacks but may occasionally occur after a single case of ARF. The damaged valves may result in heart failure. The abnormal valves also increase the risk of the person developing atrial fibrillation and infection of the valves.Acute rheumatic fever may occur following an infection of the throat by the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. If it is untreated ARF occurs in up to three percent of people. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve the production of antibodies against a person's own tissues. Some people due to their genetics are more likely to get the disease when exposed to the bacteria than others. Other risk factors include malnutrition and poverty. Diagnosis of ARF is often based on the presence of signs and symptoms in combination with evidence of a recent streptococcal infection.Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics, such as penicillin, decreases their risk of getting ARF. This often involves testing people with sore throats for the infection, which may not be available in the developing world. Other preventative measures include improved sanitation. In those with ARF and RHD prolonged periods of antibiotics are sometimes recommended. Gradual return to normal activities may occur following an attack. Once RHD develops, treatment is more difficult. Occasionally valve replacement surgery or repair is required. Otherwise complications are treated as per normal.Acute rheumatic fever occurs in about 325,000 children each year and about 18 million people currently have rheumatic heart disease. Those who get ARF are most often between the ages of 5 and 14, with 20% of first-time attacks occurring in adults. The disease is most common in the developing world and among indigenous peoples in the developed world. In 2013 it resulted in 275,000 deaths down from 374,000 deaths in 1990. Most deaths occur in the developing world where as many as 12.5% of people affected may die each year. Descriptions of the condition are believed to date back to at least the 5th century BCE in the writings of Hippocrates. The disease is so named because its symptoms are similar to those of some rheumatic disorders.
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