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HeartStructure
HeartStructure

... •The aorta, the largest artery in your body, is almost the diameter of a garden hose •The heart pumps about 1 million barrels of blood during an average lifetime ...
Murmurs - stjpap 2011
Murmurs - stjpap 2011

... Tolerated well ...
The Heart
The Heart

... Ventricular systole (pumps blood out of heart) and atrial diastole (receives blood from body and lungs) occur at the same time ...
Task №1
Task №1

... especially during physical exertion expressed. How days ago he appeared fit severe inspiratory dyspnea ("choking") with the fear of death. On this occasion, an ambulance was called, the doctor diagnosed a "cardiac asthma". The examination of the patient in the clinic found: BP 155/120 mmHg, with flu ...
Risk Factors and Prevention
Risk Factors and Prevention

... the heart pumps out with each beat. An abnormally low EF is the single most important factor in predicting the risk of sudden cardiac death (dying from an abnormal heart rhythm). • Follow treatment plans, and take all medications as prescribed. • Report any new symptoms or changes in existing sympto ...
Infections-of-the-Cardiovascular
Infections-of-the-Cardiovascular

...  44 of 88 cases of CNE, negative cultures were associated with prior administration of antibiotics Fasidious or non-culturable organism Non-infective endocarditis ...
To explore the structure of a heart that is similar in size and shape to
To explore the structure of a heart that is similar in size and shape to

...  “R” means right and “L” means left from the patient's (er… sheep's) perspective. Therefore the right side of the heart corresponds with your left, and the left side with your right. .  Please, be aware the hearts were once part of living vertebrate organisms, and the tissue should be respected. T ...
Heart Outline - McCreary County Schools
Heart Outline - McCreary County Schools

... Prevention of Heart Disease Heart ____________________ is the leading cause of death Coronary heart disease Risk factors Steps to lower risk or prevent heart disease Blood cholesterol levels and triglycerides Diagnostic Tests – Noninvasive __________________ Cardiac MRI Coronary calcium scoring/hear ...
Heart Failure
Heart Failure

... – Annual mortality of 5% -50% ...
Valvular Heart Disease Aortic Stenosis
Valvular Heart Disease Aortic Stenosis

... _Detects AR if present _To detect presence of CAD ...
Valvular Heart Disease Aortic Stenosis
Valvular Heart Disease Aortic Stenosis

... _Detects AR if present _To detect presence of CAD ...
Heart Anatomy
Heart Anatomy

... 1. means of stimulation: skeletal muscle fibers stimulated by nerve fibers some cardiac muscle cells are self-excitable & initiate their own depolarization; called autorhythmicity 2. organ versus motor unit contraction: all cells in a motor unit contract at the same time but not all motor units cont ...
click - Uplift Education
click - Uplift Education

... 20. In the activation of TH, TC , and B lymphocytes, the ______________________ is physical contact between the naïve lymphocyte and an antigen presenting cell. The _______________________ can be cytokines (such as IL-2 or IL-4) or may be interaction with a TH. 21. When B lymphocytes are activated, ...
VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS
VENTRICULAR ECTOPIC BEATS

... longer than expected delay the heart fills up more than usual producing a very strong beat which is felt as a thump. Usually the heart is entirely normal and you will often have an echocardiogram to ensure this. What are the risks? Palpitations, in the absence of underlying heart disease are usually ...
Overview: Any irregular heart beat is called an arrhythmia. Some
Overview: Any irregular heart beat is called an arrhythmia. Some

... whether an electrocardiogram is available (a two-table reduction may be available for a rated case if an otherwise unr emarkable electrocardiogram is available). Atrial fibrillation, or flutter, is classified as being paroxysmal (intermittent) or chronic (permanent). A single episode of atrial fibri ...
Cardiac Medications in a Nutshell
Cardiac Medications in a Nutshell

... Furosemide is a loop diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and edema. It is most commonly marketed under the brand name Lasix. It has also been used to prevent thoroughbred and standardbred race horses from bleeding through the nose during races. Furosemide is also used in anim ...
Congestive Heart Failure And Whole Body Vibration
Congestive Heart Failure And Whole Body Vibration

... -2In humans, Whole Body Vibration (WBV) has been found to increase heart rate and improve peak oxygen uptake as effectively as a traditional exercise program3. Another study found that WBV acutely decreased arterial stiffness directly following each bout4. Arterial stiffness is considered a cardiov ...
Aortic Regurgitation
Aortic Regurgitation

... In some cases, aortic regurgitation occurs at the same time as aortic stenosis. See separate leaflet called Aortic Stenosis for more details. ...
Natural Excitation of the Heart
Natural Excitation of the Heart

... Natural Excitation of the Heart Triggered activities  Delayed afterdepolarizations  The amplitudes of the DADs are ...
pre and post-operative care of the surgical patient
pre and post-operative care of the surgical patient

... c. Clinical evaluation is needed - rales and ronchi - pneumonia ...
Heart Failure Definition: Clinical syndrome resulting from inability to
Heart Failure Definition: Clinical syndrome resulting from inability to

...  Alcohol cessation  Weight loss/ diet and exercise  Cardiac rehabilitation Medical  Acute- sit up, high flow oxygen, ABC, furosemide, GTN infusion  Chronic – ACEi/ARB, beta blockers, aldosterone antagonist, digoxin See NICE guidelines algorithms on page 4 and 6 http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/ ...
Sore Throat (Pharyngitis)
Sore Throat (Pharyngitis)

...  Avoid expensive throat sprays or throat lozenges. Not only are they no more effective than hard candy, but many also contain an ingredient (benzocaine) that ...
EP Fact Sheet 1 The Three Ps of the Heart The heart has three main
EP Fact Sheet 1 The Three Ps of the Heart The heart has three main

... Abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) are caused by problems with the electrical system that regulates the steady heartbeat. The heart rate may be too slow or too fast; it may stay steady or become chaotic (irregular). Some arrhythmias are very dangerous and cause sudden cardiac death (SCD), while ot ...
Artificial Heart
Artificial Heart

... which is composed of titanium and plastic, connects to four locations:  Right atrium  Left atrium  Aorta  Pulmonary artery ...
pathophysiology
pathophysiology

... A) right atrium. B) right ventricle. C) left atrium. D) left ventricle. 4. In the elderly, aortic stenosis usually results from which of the following conditions? A) congenital disorders. B) rheumatic heart disease. C) degeneration and calcification of the valve. D) Marfan syndrome. 5. Which of the ...
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Rheumatic fever



Rheumatic fever, also known as acute rheumatic fever (ARF), is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a throat infection. Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and a characteristic but uncommon non itchy rash known as erythema marginatum. The heart is involved in about half of cases. Permanent damage to the heart valves, known as rheumatic heart disease (RHD), usually only occurs after multiple attacks but may occasionally occur after a single case of ARF. The damaged valves may result in heart failure. The abnormal valves also increase the risk of the person developing atrial fibrillation and infection of the valves.Acute rheumatic fever may occur following an infection of the throat by the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. If it is untreated ARF occurs in up to three percent of people. The underlying mechanism is believed to involve the production of antibodies against a person's own tissues. Some people due to their genetics are more likely to get the disease when exposed to the bacteria than others. Other risk factors include malnutrition and poverty. Diagnosis of ARF is often based on the presence of signs and symptoms in combination with evidence of a recent streptococcal infection.Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics, such as penicillin, decreases their risk of getting ARF. This often involves testing people with sore throats for the infection, which may not be available in the developing world. Other preventative measures include improved sanitation. In those with ARF and RHD prolonged periods of antibiotics are sometimes recommended. Gradual return to normal activities may occur following an attack. Once RHD develops, treatment is more difficult. Occasionally valve replacement surgery or repair is required. Otherwise complications are treated as per normal.Acute rheumatic fever occurs in about 325,000 children each year and about 18 million people currently have rheumatic heart disease. Those who get ARF are most often between the ages of 5 and 14, with 20% of first-time attacks occurring in adults. The disease is most common in the developing world and among indigenous peoples in the developed world. In 2013 it resulted in 275,000 deaths down from 374,000 deaths in 1990. Most deaths occur in the developing world where as many as 12.5% of people affected may die each year. Descriptions of the condition are believed to date back to at least the 5th century BCE in the writings of Hippocrates. The disease is so named because its symptoms are similar to those of some rheumatic disorders.
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