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Antipyretic-analgesic and antiinflammatory drugs
Antipyretic-analgesic and antiinflammatory drugs

... and related connective tissue disorders, gout and soft tissue diseases). • With many NSAIDs, the dosage required for chronic inflammatory disorders is usually greater than for simple analgesia and treatment may need to be continued for long periods; Treatment could be initiated with an agent known t ...
OTC analgesics
OTC analgesics

... Patients with Hx of impaired renal function, CHF or diseases that compromise the renal haemodynamics should not self-medicate with ibuprofen (why?)  because ibuprofen reduces the renal blood flow and GFR by inhibiting the synthesis of renal prostaglandins BUN and serum creatinine ...
Management of New Onset Atrial Fibrillation
Management of New Onset Atrial Fibrillation

... 5.Digoxin 0.25 mg IV, repeat at 1 hour intervals up to 4 doses if AF persists. *This is a young man with no stroke risk factors. His AF has been present for only a few hours. It is likely the AF was precipitated by his alcohol indiscretion and he is likely to return to NSR with cardioversion and lik ...
- ISpatula
- ISpatula

... Patients with Hx of impaired renal function, CHF or diseases that compromise the renal haemodynamics should not self-medicate with ibuprofen (why?)  because ibuprofen reduces the renal blood flow and GFR by inhibiting the synthesis of renal prostaglandins BUN and serum creatinine ...
Anti inflammatory and immunmodulatory effects of
Anti inflammatory and immunmodulatory effects of

... characterized by an elevation of allergen specific IgE in the serum, increased numbers of eosinophils, mast cells and T lymphocytes in the airways (Kim et al. 2002; Kraneveld et al. 2006). Mast cell mediated hypersensitivity reactions to allergens are involved in the pathogenesis of such asthma and ...
Size: 1 MB - anticholinesterases1
Size: 1 MB - anticholinesterases1

... Physostigmine • Physostigmine (also known as eserine from éséré, the West African name for the Calabar bean) is a parasympathomimetic alkaloid, • Physostigmine is metabolized by plasma esterases; • elimination does not depend on renal excretion, but others depend ...
Palliative Care Symptom Guide
Palliative Care Symptom Guide

... 1PCA alone is a maintenance technique. Patients should receive loading 4The hour limit should not be less than the available total hourly patient doses (delivered through the infuser) that are titrated to achieve an adequate administered dose. Bolus doses and the continuous infusion are included lev ...
Toxidromes
Toxidromes

...  Carbamates toxic manifestations are the same as those for organophosphates but with less severity and shorter duration.  Some of these agents are known to have a characteristic “garlic-like” odor.  Plasma cholinesterase levels can be assayed although this is rarely done.  Potential deleterious ...
Monday 23rd December: PSA2
Monday 23rd December: PSA2

... This will not have any effect on the acute dystonia. Option C Justification This will not have an immediate effect. It would be preferable to substitute an antipsychotic that has less tendency than haloperidol to cause extrapyramidal effects, thereby lessening the likelihood of recurrent dystonia. O ...
Medication Types
Medication Types

... Mode of action - NSAID's produce a range of effects in the body by inhibiting the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase (COX). COX is the main enzyme which converts arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, thromboxane and prostacyclins. It is found in many central and peripheral tissues in the body, and this explains w ...
Heart Failure Medication Titration Protocols - sha
Heart Failure Medication Titration Protocols - sha

... hospitalization for any reason in the low-dose and high-dose groups. In high dose group ,hospitalization and the combined end point of death and hospitalization were reduced by 24% (p=0.003) and 12% (p=0.002), respectively. The higher dose was tolerated by 90% of assigned patients ...
Monograph Vitamin B Complex
Monograph Vitamin B Complex

... sensory neuropathy (nerve damage).1 B7/Biotin. No data found; doses of 10 mg per day did not produce adverse effects.1 ...
psych medications
psych medications

... • Properties – Available evidence to show advantage for some (clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine) but not all atypicals when compared with typicals – At least as effective as typicals for positive symptoms – May be more efficacious for negative and cognitive symptoms (still under debate) – Less freq ...
Synergistic Interaction between Fentanyl and
Synergistic Interaction between Fentanyl and

... the advantage of reducing the dose that would be necessary if either drug were used alone, thus potentially decreasing the incidence and severity of associated side effects such as hypotension and motor block.1 However, the nature of the pharmacologic interaction between opioids and local anesthetic ...
t.5
t.5

... S.U.'s age and history of cardiac disease place him at higher risk for TCA toxicity than other patient. Therefore, he should started on the lowest available dose (10-25 mg/day). Even though these low doses are unlikely to result in a therapeutic response, concern for both the cardiovascular and othe ...
Appendix 4.14 Psychotropic Medication Reference Chart 2010
Appendix 4.14 Psychotropic Medication Reference Chart 2010

... Appendix 4.14 ...
Genetic Control of Dicumarol Levels in Man
Genetic Control of Dicumarol Levels in Man

... 14 pairs of twins from the Washington, D. C., area volunteered for this study after reading a description of its objectives in the Washington Post. All subjects were 21 yr of age or over, Caucasian and in good health, as determined by history, physical examination, and routine laboratory studies. No ...
PCP & Ketamine
PCP & Ketamine

... Cerebral cortex and hippocampus contain many NMDA receptors Behavioral and subjective effects are thought to be mediated by NMDA receptor antagonism Dextromethorphan is common in OTC cough and cold medications and is another noncompetitive NMDA antagonist with abuse ...
Kisqali - Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
Kisqali - Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation

... 450 msec. Repeat ECG at approximately Day 14 of the first cycle and the beginning of the second cycle, and as clinically indicated. Monitor serum electrolytes (including potassium, calcium, phosphorous and magnesium) prior to the initiation of treatment, at the beginning of the first 6 cycles, and a ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Siegel (1977) reports that 62-72% of 500 participants tested with LSD reported similar simple forms at low doses. Also, 72% reported religious symbols and images; 49% reported small animals and humans. Images tended to pulsate and move toward a center tunnel or away from a bright center (a phenomeno ...
Memorandum 043  1 '03  JAN 27  P2:22
Memorandum 043 1 '03 JAN 27 P2:22

... Perrigo Company is notifying the Food and Drug Administration that it will market 7-KetoTM. Following Section 4 13 (3 50b) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations 190.6 please find two copies of this notification. Trade name of the compound 7-Keto T ...
An Advanced Phase 1/2 Study using an XC
An Advanced Phase 1/2 Study using an XC

... Citation: Chawla SP, Chawla NS, Quon D, Chua-Alcala V, Blackwelder WC, et al. An Advanced Phase 1/2 Study using an XC-Targeted Gene Therapy Vector for Chemotherapy Resistant Sarcoma. Sarcoma Res Int. ...
ISATX247: a novel calcineurin inhibitor
ISATX247: a novel calcineurin inhibitor

... Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a widely used immunosuppressive agent due to its preferential effect on T-cell mediated reactions. Chronic treatment with CsA is associated with serious doserelated adverse effects, of which nephrotoxicity is of primary concern. Investigators at Isotechnika Inc., have develop ...
evaluation of antidepressant activity of eclipta alba using animal
evaluation of antidepressant activity of eclipta alba using animal

... Methods : This study was undertaken to evaluate the possible antidepressant effect of Eclipta alba leaf extract (EALE) using Tail suspension test(TST) & Forced swim test (FST). 36 albino rats of either sex weighing between 200-250gm were randomly selected and divided into 6 equal groups. Group-I (co ...
Treatment of tuberculosis in renal disease
Treatment of tuberculosis in renal disease

... 1. Standard six or nine month regimens are generally used but ethambutol is withheld for: a. drug susceptible or bacteriologically-negative disease and b. where susceptibilities are not yet available but drug resistance is not suspected. 2. Prolongation of treatment is an individual decision based o ...
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Hormesis



Hormesis (from Greek hórmēsis ""rapid motion, eagerness,"" from ancient Greek hormáein ""to set in motion, impel, urge on"") is the term for generally favorable biological responses to low exposures to toxins and other stressors. A pollutant or toxin showing hormesis thus has the opposite effect in small doses as in large doses. A related concept is Mithridatism, which refers to the willful exposure to toxins in an attempt to develop immunity against them. Hormetics is the term proposed for the study and science of hormesis.In toxicology, hormesis is a dose response phenomenon characterized by a low dose stimulation, high dose inhibition, resulting in either a J-shaped or an inverted U-shaped dose response. Such environmental factors that would seem to produce positive responses have also been termed ""eustress.""The hormesis model of dose response is vigorously debated. The notion that hormesis is important for chemical risks regulations is not widely accepted.The biochemical mechanisms by which hormesis works are not well understood. It is conjectured that low doses of toxins or other stressors might activate the repair mechanisms of the body. The repair process fixes not only the damage caused by the toxin, but also other low-level damage that might have accumulated before without triggering the repair mechanism.
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