Heisenberg, Matrix Mechanics, and the Uncertainty Principle Genesis
... of the atoms with light quanta. Heisenberg therefore argued that these transitionrelated quantities are the basic relevant objects. A detailed investigation on these lines led him to propose the first coherent mathematical structure for the quantum theory of atoms, in 1925. Together with Max Born an ...
... of the atoms with light quanta. Heisenberg therefore argued that these transitionrelated quantities are the basic relevant objects. A detailed investigation on these lines led him to propose the first coherent mathematical structure for the quantum theory of atoms, in 1925. Together with Max Born an ...
Views on Atomic Stru..
... • indicates the size of an orbital (distance from the nucleus) and its electron energy • n can be 1, 2, 3, 4, … ...
... • indicates the size of an orbital (distance from the nucleus) and its electron energy • n can be 1, 2, 3, 4, … ...
slides
... Uncertainty Principle • The more we know about where a particle is located, the less we can know about its momentum, and conversely, the more we know about its momentum, the less we can know about its location ...
... Uncertainty Principle • The more we know about where a particle is located, the less we can know about its momentum, and conversely, the more we know about its momentum, the less we can know about its location ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.